List of language names
This article is a resource of the native names of most of the major languages in the world. These are endonymic glossonyms.
Languages
† = Extinct language'
ꞌAreꞌare – Areare- Spoken in: southern Malaita, Solomon Islands
- Spoken in: Kingdom of Bhutan
A
A-Hmao – ad Hmaob lul, A-hmaosAari – አፋን፡ኣሪ፡
- Spoken in:
- Formerly spoken in:
- Spoken in:,
- Official language in:,
- Spoken in:,
- Formerly spoken by: the American/Canadian Abenaki Tribe
- Official language in: and the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia,
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken in: and
Acholi – Lwo
- Spoken in: and
- Formerly spoken in:
- Formerly spoken in:,
- Spoken in:
Adele – Gidire
- Spoken in: and
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:
- Western Circassian language. Official language in:,
- Spoken also in:,,,,,, etc.
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken in: and
- Official language in:
- Recognised Minority Language in: and
- Proposed lingua franca of
- Official language in:
- Recognised Minority Language in: and
- Spoken in:
- Official language of:,
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in: Maharashtra,
- Formerly spoken in: Assam,
- Official language of:,
- Spoken in:,
Ajië – A’jie, Ajië, Houailou, Wai, Wailu
Aka-Jeru – Akajeru, Jeru, Yerawa
- Spoken in: Andaman Islands,
- Official language in: Ghanaian/Ivoirian ethnic region of Akanland
- Spoken in: Southern, and Northern
- Formerly an Official language in: Akkad or central Mesopotamia which is modern-day
- Later it became a lingua franca in the Middle East and
Akum – aakuem
- Spoken in: and
- Spoken in:,
- Now extinct in:,
- Official language in: and
- Recognised Minority Language in:,,,, and
- Signed in:
- Official language in:,
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:,,,,,, and
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken in: northern,
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken in: and,
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken in: the and
- Official language in:,
- Spoken in: and,
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken in: the Wadi Fira Region,
- Signed in: the and
Amis – 'Amis or Pangcah
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:,
- Formerly spoken in: Ancient Egypt
- Formerly spoken in: much of the Mediterranean Sea
- Formerly spoken in: Al-Andalus
- Spoken in: Southern,
- Spoken in:
- Official language in:,
- Spoken in:
- Formerly spoken in: the and
- Spoken in: the
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken in: the Leeward Islands
Apache – Ndéé
- Spoken in: Southwestern
- Formerly spoken in:,
- Spoken in: Great Plains,
- Spoken in:
Aragonese – l'Aragonés
- Official language in:,
- Spoken in:, and Chittagong Division,
- Spoken in: Araki Island,
- Spoken in:,,,,,,, and
- Official language in: in,
- Spoken by: the Arapaho people,
- Spoken in:,,,, and
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:,
- Formerly spoken in: modern-day Bihar and Uttar Pradesh,
- Spoken in:,
- Formerly spoken in:
- Official language in:
- Recognised Minority Language in:,,, Samtskhe-Javakheti,,,,,, and
- Signed in:
- Recognised Minority Language in:,, and
- Spoken in: and
- Recognised Minority Language in:
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:,, and
- Spoken in: and the
- Spoken in:,,, and
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken in:
- Formerly spoken in:, a part of
Austral – Reo Tuha‘a pae
- Spoken in: in
- Signed in:
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken in:,,,, and
- Formerly spoken in: the eastern Iranian Plateau
- The Avestan language is a Zoroastrian liturgical language
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:
- Spoken in:,
- Spoken by: Aymara people in,, and
- Spoken in: the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region,
- Official language in: and,
- Spoken in:, and
- Signed in:
- Spoken in:,
B
Babine – Witsuwit’en, ᗔᙣᗔᗥᐣ- Spoken in: British Columbia in Canada
- Spoken in: Tamil Nadu, India
- Formerly spoken in: the Republic of Guinea
- Spoken in: Madhya Pradesh, India
Bagvalal – багвалал мисӀсӀ
- Spoken in: Southwestern Dagestan, Russia
- Spoken in: the Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
- Spoken in: Barbados
Baki – Baki
- Spoken in: Vanuatu
- Spoken in: Bali, Republic of Indonesia
- Spoken in: the Balkans
- Spoken in: Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan
Bambara – Bamanankan
- Official language in: the Republic of Mali
- Spoken in: the Western High Plateau, Cameroon
Banda – ?
- Spoken in: the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and South Sudan
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Spoken in: the Republic of Mali
- Recognised Minority Language in: South Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan and East Kalimantan, Indonesia
- Official language in: Sikkim, India and Koshi Province, Nepal
- Spoken in: Ivory Coast
- Spoken in: Nepal
- Spoken in: Vaupés Department, Colombia
- Spoken in: Cameroon
- Formerly spoken in: Chanchaga, Niger State, Federal Republic of Nigeria
- Official language in: the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan
- Official language in: Basque Country and Navarre, Kingdom of Spain
- Spoken in the French Basque Country, Atlantic Pyrenees Republic of France, but with no legal status.
- Spoken by: Liberian/Sierra Leonean Bassa People
- Spoken by: the Batak people of the North Sumatra, Republic of Indonesia
- Spoken in: Georgia
- Spoken in: Bavaria in Germany, Austria and South Tyrol in Italy
- Spoken in: British Columbia and Alberta, Canada
- Spoken in: Senegal
- Recognised Minority Language in: Eritrea and Sudan
Belizean Creole – Belize Kriol, Kriol
- Spoken in: Belize
- Official language in: the Republic of Zambia
- Official language in: the People's Republic of Bangladesh and the Republic of India
- Formerly spoken in: the island of Newfoundland, Canada
- Spoken in: Northern Africa
- Spoken in: Plateau State, Nigeria
- Spoken in: the Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
- Spoken in: Jakarta, Tangerang City, Tangerang Regency, South Tangerang City in Banten, Bekasi City, Bekasi Regency, Bogor Regency, Depok City in West Java, Indonesia
Bhili – भीली, ભીલી
- Spoken in: Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan and Maharashtra, India
- Spoken in: Bihar, Republic of India ; Jharkhand, Republic of India ; Uttar Pradesh, Republic of India ; Co-operative Republic of Guyana ; Republic of Suriname ; and Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
Biblical Hebrew –
- Formerly spoken in: the Kingdom of Judah, the Kingdom of Israel (Samaria) and the Hasmonean dynasty
- Biblical Hebrew is a Jewish liturgical language
- Spoken in: Malakula, Vanuatu
Bijago – Kangaki-Kagbaaga-Kajoko Bidyogo
- Spoken in: Guinea-Bissau
- Spoken in: Bicol Region, Philippines
Bishnupriya Manipuri – বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী
- Spoken in: Northeast India and Bangladesh
Blackfoot – ᑯᖾᖹ, ᓱᖽᐧᖿ
- Spoken by: the American/Canadian Blackfoot Tribe
- Spoken in: Republic of India and Democratic Republic of Nepal
- Spoken in: Buhi, Camarines Sur of the Bicol Region of the Philippines
- Spoken in: Bauchi State, Gombe State, Yobe State and Plateau State, Nigeria
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Spoken in: Ghana and Ivory Coast
- Spoken in: Mountain Province, the Philippines
- Official language in: Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro
- Recognised Minority Language in: Republic of Albania, Kosovo, North Macedonia, and Republic of Serbia
Bouyei – Haausqyaix
Brahui – براہوئی
- Spoken in: Balochistan, Pakistan
- Spoken in: India
- Signed in: Brazil and by Brazilian diaspora
- Spoken in: Brittany, French Republic
- Signed in: the United Kingdom
- Spoken in: Mali
- Spoken in: Azerbaijan
Buginese – ᨅᨔ ᨕᨘᨁᨗ
- Spoken in: South Sulawesi, Republic of Indonesia
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, India
- Spoken in: Mindoro, Philippines
- Spoken in: Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Afghanistan
- Official language in: Republic of Bulgaria, and Hellenic Republic
- Recognised Minority Language in: Romania, Republic of Serbia, and Ukraine
- Signed in: Bulgaria
Burmese – မြန်မာစာ or မြန်မာစကား
Burushaski – بُرُݸشَسکݵ
- Spoken in: Gilgit Division, Pakistan
Bussa – Mossittaata, Mossiya, ሞስሲትቷታ or ሞስሲያ
- Spoken in: Ethiopia
C
Caddo † – Hasí:nay- Formerly spoken in: Oklahoma in the United States
- Spoken in: California in the United States
- Formerly spoken in: Peru
- Spoken in: the southern area of the State of California, United States
- Spoken in: Louisiana, United States
Cameroonian Pidgin English – Wes Cos, Kamtok
- Spoken in: Cameroon
- Formerly spoken in: Bolivia
- Spoken in: the Spanish autonomous communities of Cantabria and Asturias
- Official language in: Hong Kong Special Administration Region, People's Republic of China, Macau Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
- Spoken in: Cape Verde
- Spoken in: Capiz, Philippines
- Spoken in: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, and Trinidad and Tobago
- Spoken in: Guyana, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago
- Spoken in: Colombia
- Formerly spoken in: North Carolina, the United States
Carpathian Romani – ?
Carrier – ᑐᑊᘁᗕᑋᗸ
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
- Official language in: Principality of Andorra ; the Balearic Islands, Kingdom of Spain ; Catalonia, Kingdom of Spain ; and the Valencian Community, Kingdom of Spain
- Recognised Minority Language in: Pyrénées-Orientales, French Republic ; Sardinia, Italian Republic ; and Aragón, Kingdom of Spain
Catawba – Katapa
- Spoken in: South Carolina in the United States
- Spoken by: the Iroquois Cayuga people living in the Canadian First Nation reservation of the Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation
- Spoken in: Central Visayas and Mindanao, Philippines
- Official language in: Alaska, the United States
- Spoken in: Bicol Region, the Philippines
Central Nahuatl – ?
Central Sama – Sinama
- Spoken in: Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, Zamboanga City and Basilan, the Philippines and Sabah, Malaysia
- Official language in: Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia and Alaska, the United States
- Spoken in: Grootfontein, Namibia
- Spoken in: Chad
- Formerly spoken in: Central Asia
- Spoken in: Chittagong Hill Tracts, CADC, Mizoram, Tripura, Arunachal Pradesh, Bangladesh and India
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic – ܟܠܕܝܐ
- Spoken by: Assyrians in the Assyrian homeland and globally by diaspora
- Spoken in: Cambodia
Chamorro – Chamoru, Fino'Chamorro
Charrúa † – ?
- Formerly spoken in: Uruguay
- Regional language in: the Philippines
- Official language in: the Chechen Republic, Russian Federation and the Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation
- Formerly spoken in: the Olympic Peninsula, Washington, the United States
- Spoken in: the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, India
- Official language in: the Native American tribe of the Cherokee, in Oklahoma
Cheyenne – Tsėhesenėstsestotse, Tsisinstsistots
- Spoken in: Montana and Oklahoma, United States
- Spoken in: Republic of India
- Formerly spoken in: Colombia
- Spoken in: Oklahoma, United States
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
- Official language in: the People's Republic of China ; Republic of Singapore ; Republic of China ; and the Wa State, Republic of the Union of Myanmar
- Recognised Minority Language in: Malaysia, the Philippines, Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace, and the United States
- Signed in: the People's Republic of China
- Spoken in: the United States and Canada
- Spoken in: Canada
- Spoken in: Upper Peninsula of Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and North Dakota, the United States
- Spoken in: Himachal Pradesh, India
Chittagonian – চাটগাঁইয়া বুলি
- Spoken in: Bangladesh
- Spoken in: Bhutan
- Spoken in: The United States of America
Chʼortiʼ – čorti'
- Spoken in: Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador
- Spoken in: West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh in India
- Spoken in: Russia in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
- Spoken in: Krasnoyarsk Krai and Tomsk Oblast, Russia
- Spoken in: Cameroon
- Church Slavonic is a liturgical language used by the Eastern Orthodox Church
Chuvash – Чӑвашла, Çăvaşla
Cia-Cia – Bahasa Ciacia, 바하사 찌아찌아, بهاس چيا-چيا
- Spoken in: Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
- Spoken in: the Italian Republic
- Formerly spoken in: Early Islamic Caliphates
- Classical Arabic is a liturgical language of Islam
- Formerly spoken in: the Armenian highlands
- Literary language used in: the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China, the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Korea, and Japan
- Formerly spoken in: Japan
- Spoken in: Iraq and Iran
- The Mandaic language is a liturgical language of Mandaeism
Classical Nepal Bhasa † – पुलाङु नेपाल भास
Classical Tibetan † – ?
- Formerly spoken in: Greater Tibet
Cochimi † – Laymón
- Formerly spoken in: Baja California, Mexico
- Spoken in: Baja California and Sonora, Mexico and Arizona, the United States
- Spoken in: Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Australia and Malaysia
- Spoken in: northern Idaho, the United States
- Spoken in: Oklahoma, United States
- Formerly spoken in: Great Britain
Comox – Éyɂáɂjuuthem, ʔayajuθəm, q̓yʔq̓yʔɛmixʷq̓ɛnəm
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
Coptic – ⲘⲉⲧⲢⲉⲙ̀ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ
- The Coptic language is a Coptic liturgical language
- Spoken in: Mexico
Corsican – Corsu
Cree – ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ
- Official language in: the Northwest Territories, Canada
Croatian – Hrvatski
- Official language in: Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Republic of Croatia ; and Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia
- Recognised Minority Language in: Burgenland, Republic of Austria ; Baranya County, Southern Transdanubia, Hungary ; Molise, Italian Republic ; Montenegro ; Carașova, Caraș-Severin County Romania ; and Lupac, Caraș-Severin County, Romania
- Signed in: Croatia
- Formerly spoken in: the southern area of the State of California, United States
Cypriot Sign Language – Κυπριακή Νοηματική Γλώσσα
- Signed in: Cyprus
- Official language in: the Czech Republic
- Signed in: Czech Republic
D
Dagaare – Dagaare- Spoken in: Ghana, Burkina Faso, and Ivory Coast
Dagur – Даор Усуву, ᡩᠠᠣᠷ ᡠᠰᡠᠸᡠ, Daor Usuwu, ᡩᠠᠸᡠᠷ ᡴᡝᠯ, Dagur Kel
- Spoken in: Chinese province of Heilongjiang; Chinese [Autonomous Regions of Italy|regions of China|autonomous regions] of Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang
- Spoken in: Kenya
- Spoken in: Sudan
- Official language in: the Republic of India and the United Arab Emirates
- Spoken in: Canada and the United States
Dalecarlian – Dalmål
- Spoken in: Kingdom of Sweden
Danish – Dansk
- Official language in: Kingdom of Denmark and the Faroe Islands
- Recognised Minority Language in: Federal Republic of Germany, Greenland, and Republic of Iceland
- Signed in: Denmark
Daza – Dazaga
Dazawa – Daza
- Spoken in: Bauchi State, Nigeria
- Official language in: Alaska, the United States
- Spoken by: the Delaware people in the United States
- Official language in: Alaska, the United States
- Spoken in: Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, India
- Spoken in: some [List of List of districts in India|districts in India|districts] in Odisha and Andhra Pradesh, India
- Spoken in: Mirpur Khas Division, Pakistan
Dhuwal – Dhay'yi
- Spoken in: Northern Territory, Australia
- Spoken in: northeastern Arunachal Pradesh, India and Zayü County, Tibet, China
Dinka – Thuɔŋjäŋ
- Spoken in: South Sudan
- Spoken in: Northern Territory, Australia
- Official language in: Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Also spoken in: other parts of India and in Pakistan
- Official language in: the Northwest Territories, Canada
- Spoken in: Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia
- Spoken in: Middle East, North Africa and the Caucasus
Dong – lix Gaeml
Doteli – डोटेली
- Official language in: Sudurpashchim Province, Nepal
- Recognised Minority Language in: Karnali Province, Nepal
Drung – Tvrung kvt
Duala – Duala
- Spoken in: Cameroon
- Spoken in: Nasarawa State, Nigeria
- Spoken by: the Central Asian Dungan people
- Spoken in: Khövsgöl Province, Mongolia
- Official language in: Aruba, Kingdom of Belgium Country of Curaçao,, the Netherlands, Sint Maarten, and Republic of Suriname
- Signed in: the Netherlands
Dyula – Julakan
- Spoken in: Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso and Mali
- Spoken in: China
E
E – 誒Early Modern English † – English
- Formerly spoken in: England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland and English overseas possessions
Ecclesiastical Latin – Latin
- Ecclesiastical Latin is a liturgical language used by the Catholic Church
Efik – Usem Efịk
- Spoken in: Cross River State, Nigeria
- Spoken in: Egypt
- Spoken in: Nigeria
- Spoken in: South Africa and Namibia, originally also spoken in Angola
- Formerly spoken in: Iran
- Spoken in: Western Emilia-Romagna, Italy
- Spoken in: primarily in Emilia-Romagna, also in Marche, Italy and San Marino
- Spoken in: Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia
- Spoken in: Enga, Papua New Guinea
Enu – Ximoluo
Eravallan – எரவல்லன்
- Spoken in: Kerala and Tamil Nadu, India
Esan – Ishan
- Spoken in: Nigeria
Estonian – Eesti
Estonian Sign Language – eesti viipekeel
- Signed in: Estonia
- Formerly spoken in: Central Italy
Europanto – Europanto
- Spoken in: the European Union
- Spoken in: Siberia
- Spoken in: the Chinese provinces of Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia, the Mongolian aimag of the Selenge Province, and the Russian krai of Krasnoyarsk Krai
- Spoken by: the Beninois/Togolese Ewe people
- Spoken in: Cameroon
Eyak † – I.ya.q
- Official language in: the American state of Alaska
F
Fala – Fala- Spoken in: Val de Xálima, Extremadura, Spain
- Spoken in: Falam Township, Chin State, Myanmar
- Spoken in: Cameroon
Fante – Fante
- Spoken in: Ghana
Fiji Hindi – फिजी बात or Fiji Baat
- Spoken in: Fiji
Filipino – Wikang Filipino
- Official language in: the Philippines
- Official language in: the Philippines
Finnish – Suomi
- Official language in: Finland and the Russian autonomous republic of Karelia ; recognised as a minority language in Sweden
Finnish Sign Language – Suomalainen viittomakieli
- Signed in: Finland
Flemish Sign Language – Vlaamse Gebarentaal
Foia Foia – Minanibai
- Spoken in: Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea
- Spoken by: the Beninois/Nigerian Fon people
- Spoken in: Ghana and Burkina Faso
- Formerly spoken in: Western Europe
French Belgian Sign Language – Langue des signes de Belgique francophone
French Sign Language – Langue des signes française
- Signed in: France and Switzerland
- Official language in: the German archipelago of Heligoland and the German district of Nordfriesland
- Spoken in: the German municipality of Saterland
- Official language in: the Dutch province of Friesland
- Spoken in: Italy
- Spoken in: Central Africa
- Spoken in: the Republic of Chad and Darfur, Republic of the Sudan
Futunan – Faka futuna
- Spoken in: Futuna, Wallis and Futuna, France
G
Ga – GãGagauz – Gagauz
- Official language in: in: Gagauzia in Moldova
- Recognised Minority Language in: Ukraine
- Official language in: the Spanish autonomous community of Galicia
- Recognised Minority Language in: France mainly: Brittany, Normandy
Gan – 赣语, 贛語
Garhwali – गढ़वळि
- Spoken in: Uttarakhand, India
Garre – اف الخرّيي
Gawri – گاوری
- Spoken in: Behrain Tehsil. Pakistan
Gbaya – Gbaya
- Spoken in: the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of the Congo, and Cameroon
Georgian – ქართული
Georgian Sign Language – ქართული ჟესტური ენა
- Signed in: Georgia
- Official language in: Austria, the Belgian German-Speaking Community, Germany, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, the Italian autonomous province of South Tyrol, and Switzerland
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Brazilian city of Pomerode, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Hungary, the Italian autonomous province of Trentino, Kazakhstan, Namibia, Poland, Romania, Russia, the Slovak municipality of Krahule, and the Vatican City
- Signed in: Germany, Luxembourg, and the German-speaking Community of Belgium
- Spoken in: Ghana
- Spoken in: West Region, Cameroon
- Spoken in: Chefchaouen Province, Morocco
- Spoken in: the Kenyan Central Province
- Spoken in: Gilan Province, Iran
Gitonga – Gitonga
- Spoken in: Mozambique
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
Gondi – गोण्डि, గోణ్డి
- Spoken in: India
- Spoken in: Bhutan
Gorontalo – Bahasa Hulontalo
Gothic † – ??????
- Formerly spoken in: pre-18th Century Europe
Grebo – Kréébo
- Spoken in: Liberia
- Official language in: Cyprus and Greece
- Recognised Minority Language in: Albania, Armenia, Hungary Italy, Romania, Turkey, and Ukraine
- Signed in: Greece
Grenadian Creole English – Patois
- Spoken in: Grenada
- Spoken in: Grenada
- Official language in: the Argentinian province of Corrientes, Bolivia, and Paraguay
- Spoken in: Guernsey
Guianan Creole French – Kriyòl gwiyannen
Guinea-Bissau Creole - Ginensi, kiriol
- Spoken in: Guinea-Bissau
Gujarati – ગુજરાતી
- Official language in: the Indian union territories of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, and the Indian state of Gujarat
- Spoken in: Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates
- Spoken in: the Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Gurung – तमु क्यी
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim
- Official language in: the Canadian federal territory of the Northwest Territories and the American state of Alaska
H
Hachijō – 島言葉- Spoken in: Southern Izu Islands and the Daitō Islands, Japan
- Spoken in: Hadhramaut, Yemen
- Spoken in: Tanzania
- Official language in: the Council of the Haida Nation and the US state of Alaska
Haisla – X̄a'islak̓ala, X̌àh̓isl̩ak̓ala
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
Hakha Chin – Laiholh
- Spoken in: Myanmar, India and Bangladesh
- Spoken by: the Hakka people
- Spoken in: Southwestern British Columbia, Canada and Northern Washington, the United States
- Official language in: Alaska, the United States
- Spoken in: Laos, Myanmar, South China, and Vietnam
- Spoken in: the Ethiopian kilil of the Harari Region
Hassaniya Arabic – حسانية
- Official language in: Mali
- Recognised Minority Language in: Morocco and Senegal
- Also spoken in: Mauritania, Western Sahara, and Algeria
- Spoken by: the Hausa people
- Official language in: the American state of Hawaii
Heiltsuk–Oowekyala – Híɫzaqv, ’Wuik̓ala
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
- Spoken in: Saudi Arabia
- Spoken in: Madang Province, Papua New Guinea
Hidatsa – hiraaciré’
- Spoken in: North Dakota, Montana and South Dakota, the United States
- Spoken in: the provinces of Iloilo and in Negros Occidental in the Philippines
Himarimã – Hi-Merima
Himba – Omuhimba, Simba
- Spoken in: Gabon
Hindustani – ہندوستانی, हिन्दुस्तानी
Hinuq – гьинузас мец
Hiri Motu – Hiri Motu
Hittite † – ????, nešili
- Formerly spoken in: Anatolia
- Spoken in: China, French Guiana, Laos, Thailand, United States, Vietnam, and Australia
Ho – ??? ???, हो जगर, ହୋ ଜାଗାର, হো জাগার
Hoia Hoia – Hoyahoya
- Spoken in: Western Province, Papua New Guinea
- Official language in: Alaska, the United States
- Spoken in: the northeastern area of the State of Arizona, United States
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, India
- Spoken in: the Mexican [List of States of Myanmar|states of Mexico|states] of San Luis Potosí, Hidalgo, Puebla, Veracruz
Huichol – Wixárika, Wixárika Niukiyari
- Spoken in: Mexico
Huizhou – 徽州话
Hungarian – Magyar
- Official language in: Hungary
- Recognised Minority Language in: Austria, Croatia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Ukraine
- Signed in: Hungary
- Official language in: the Brazilian municipalities of Antônio Carlos and São João do Oeste in Santa Catarina, and Santa Maria do Herval in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Hupa – Na꞉tinixwe Mixine꞉wheʼ
- Spoken in: California, United States
- Spoken by: Hutterites in Canada and the United States
- Spoken in: Kaduna State, Nigeria
I
Iban – Jaku IbanIbanag – Ybanag, Ibanak
- Regional language in: the Philippines
- Spoken in: Abia State, Akwa Ibom State, Rivers State and Cross River State, Nigeria
Icelandic Sign Language – Íslenskt táknmál
- Signed in: Iceland
Igala – Igala
- Spoken in: Nigeria
Ik – Icetot
- Spoken in: the Republic of Uganda
- Spoken in: China
- Official language in: the Philippine province of La Union
- Spoken in: Tana River District, Kenya
- Formerly spoken in: Ancient Near East
Ingrian – ižoran keeli
Ingush – ГӀалгӀай мотт
- Official language in: the Russian autonomous republic of Ingushetia
Interlingue (Occidental) – Interlingue
Interslavic – Medžuslovjansky, Меджусловјанскы
Inuinnaqtun – ᐃᓄᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᓐ
- Official language in: Nunavut in Canada
Inuktitut – ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ
- Official language in: the Canadian provinces of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut ; the Nunavik area of the Canadian province of Quebec ; and the Canada-administrated/Inuit-claimed autonomous area of Nunatsiavut
- Official language in: the American state of Alaska
Irish – Gaeilge
- Official language in: the Republic of Ireland
- Recognised Minority Language in: Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Official language in: the Republic of Ireland
Isoko – Isoko
- Spoken in: Nigeria
- Signed in: Israel
Isthmus Zapotec – diidxazá
Istriot – Eîstrioto, Lèngua Eîstriota
- Spoken in: Istria County, Croatia
- Recognised Minority Language in: Istria County, Italy, Sweden, Germany and North America and South America
- Official language in: the Croatian Istria County, Italy, San Marino, the Slovenian region of Slovenian Istria, Switzerland, and the Vatican City
- Signed in: Italy, San Marino, and Switzerland
- Spoken in: Kamchatka Krai in Russia
Ivatan – Chirin nu Ibatan
- Spoken in: Batanes, Philippines
- Spoken in: Kaduna State, Bauchi State, and Plateau State, Nigeria
- Spoken in: Rivers State, Bayelsa State, Delta State, Ondo State, and Edo State, Nigeria
J
Jalaa † – bàsàrə̀n dà jàlààbè̩- Formerly spoken in: Nigeria
- Spoken in: Jamaica
Jamtlandic – jamska
Japanese – 日本語
Japanese Sign Language – 日本手話
- Signed in: Japan
Javanese – ꦧꦱꦗꦮ
- Spoken in: the Indonesian islands of Borneo and Java, New Caledonia, and Suriname
Jeju – 제줏말, 제주말
- Spoken in: Jeju Province, South Korea
- Spoken in: Jersey
- Spoken in: New Mexico, the United States
- Spoken in: Niger State, Nigeria
- Spoken in: Nasarawa State, Nigeria
- Spoken in: Chinese provinces of Shanxi, Hebei, Henan and Shaanxi; Chinese autonomous region of Inner Mongolia
- Spoken in: Kaduna State, Nigeria
- Spoken in: Georgia, Israel, Russia, Belgium, and United States
- Spoken by: the Sephardim Jewish Diaspora
- Spoken by: Jews in North Africa and the Fertile Crescent
- Spoken by: Jews in Iran and Central Asia
- Spoken in: Azerbaijan, Russia, Israel and the United States of America
- Spoken in: Denmark
K
Kabardian – Адыгэбзэ- Official language in: the Russian autonomous republics of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia
- Spoken also in: Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Germany, United States, Netherlands etc.
Kabyle – ⵜⴰⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ / ثاقبايليث
- Spoken in: Algeria
- Spoken in: Official in Kachin State and Yingjiang County; Myanmar, China, India
- Spoken in: Brazil
Kaixana – Kawishana, Cawishana
- Spoken in: Brazil
Kalau Lagau Ya – Mabuiag
- Spoken in: Western and Central Torres Strait Islands, Queensland, Australia
Kalmyk – хальмг келн
- Official language in: the Russian autonomous republic of Kalmykia
Kanakanavu – Kanakanabu
- Spoken in: Maya Village in Namasia District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Spoken in: Chad
- Spoken in: Himachal Pradesh and Punjab, India
- Spoken in: Tamil Nadu, India
- Official language in: the Indian state of Karnataka
- Formerly spoken in: Kansas and Oklahoma, the United States
Kapampangan – Kapampangan
- Spoken in: Pampanga, Philippines
- Spoken in: Guatemala
- Official language in: the Russian autonomous republics of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia
- Also spoken in: Turkey
- Spoken in: Bauchi State, Yobe State, and Gombe State, Nigeria
- Recognised Minority Language in: Poland, Ukraine and Russia
- Official language in: the Uzbek autonomous republic of Karakalpakstan
- Formerly spoken in: Kara-Khanid Khanate
- Spoken in: the Moroto District, Karamoja Sub-Region, Northern Region, Republic of Uganda
Karbi – Arlêng
- Spoken in: Assam, Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh, India
- Recognised Minority Language in: Finland and the Russian autonomous republic of Karelia
- Spoken in: Karen State, Myanmar and Thailand
- Spoken in: Karenni State, Myanmar, Thailand, United States
- Spoken in: Madang Province, Papua New Guinea
Kashmiri – كٲشُر, कॉशुर, Kạ̄šur, Koshur
Kashubian – Kaszëbsczi Jãzëk
- Official language in: Some communes in the Polish voivodeship of Pomerania
- Spoken in: Canada
Kaurna – Kaurna Warra
- Spoken in: South Australia, Australia
- Spoken in: Taiwan
- Spoken in: Chile
Kaytetye – Kaititj, Gaididj, Kaiditj, Kaytej
- Spoken in: Northern Territory, Australia
- Official language in: Kazakhstan and the Russian autonomous republic of the Altai Republic
Kelantanese Malay – بهاس ملايو كلنتن or Baso Kelate
Kendeje – Kendeje
- Spoken in: Ouaddaï Region, Republic of Chad
Keoru-Ahia – Keuru, Keoru, Kouri, Ahia
- Spoken in: Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea
- Formerly spoken in: Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
- Spoken in: New Mexico, the United States
- Spoken in: the middle Yenisei basin in Krasnoyarsk Krai in Russia
Khalaj – خلج
- Spoken in: Iran
- Spoken in: Solukhumbu and Khotang districts, Nepal
- Spoken in: Khanty-Mansi, Yamalo-Nenets and Tomsk Oblast in Russia
Khasi – Ka Ktien Khasi, ক ক্ত্যেন খসি
Khetrani – ?
- Spoken in: Balochistan, Pakistan
- Spoken in: Azerbaijan
Khmu – Kmhmu
Khoekhoe – Khoekhoegowab
Khorasani Turkic – خراسان تركچیسی
- Spoken in: North Khorasan Province, Iran
Khowar – کھوار
Khwarshi – аᴴкьи́зас мыц
Kʼicheʼ – Qatzijobʼal
Kichwa – Kichwa Shimi, Runa Shimi
Kickapoo – Metotheeneniaatoweeheni
- Spoken in: the United States and Mexico
Kikai – しまゆみた
- Spoken in: Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan
Kimki – Sukubatom
- Spoken in: Indonesia
- Regional language in: the Philippines
- Spoken in: Himachal Pradesh, India
Kiowa – Ǥáuiđòᵰ꞉gyà, Gáuiđòñ꞉gyà
- Spoken in: [Oklahoma
- Spoken in: Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Official language in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo
- Formerly spoken in: Washington, the United States
- Constructed language spoken by a fictional alien race called the Klingons in the Star Trek universe
Kohistani – کوستَیں
- Spoken in: Pakistan
- Spoken in: Pakistan
Komering – Basa Kumoring, باس كوموريڠ
- Spoken in: South Sumatra, Indonesia
Komi-Permyak – коми-пермяцкӧй кыв
- Spoken in: Perm Krai and Kirov Oblast, Russia
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Republic of the Congo and Gabon
- Spoken in: Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Official language in: the Indian state of Goa
Korean – 한국어, 조선말
- Official language in: North Korea, South Korea, and the Chinese autonomous prefecture of Yanbian
Koro – Koro-Aka
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, India
- Spoken in: Cross River State, Nigeria
- Spoken in: Koryak Okrug, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
- Official language in: Kosrae in Micronesia
Koyraboro Senni – كࣷيْرَبࣷرࣷ سٜنِّ
Koyukon – Denaakkenaageʼ, Denaakkʼe, Dinaak̲'a
- Official language in: Alaska, the United States
- Spoken in: Liberia, Guinea and Ivory Coast
Krio – Krio
- Spoken in: Sierra Leone
- Spoken in: West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Kryts – кърыцIаь мез, ġrəċä mez, qryc’ä mez
- Spoken in: Azerbaijan
- Spoken in: East New Britain Province in Papua New Guinea
- Spoken in: the Republic of Uganda
Kumaoni – कुमाऊँनी
- Spoken in: Uttarakhand, India and Sudurpashchim Province, Nepal
- Spoken in: California, the United States and Baja California, Mexico
- Official language in: the Russian autonomous republic of Dagestan
Kunigami – 山原言葉, ヤンバルクトゥーバ
- Spoken in: Okinawa Prefecture, Japan
- Official language in: Iraq, Turkey, Iran, Syria and Armenia
- Recognised Minority Language in: Germany
Kurmali – কুড়মালি, কুর্মালী, कुड़मालि, कुरमालि, କୁଡ଼ମାଲି, पंचपरगनिया, পঞ্চপরগনিয়া
- Official language in: Jharkhand and West Bengal, India
Kurukh – कुँड़ुख़, কুড়ুখ্, କୁଡ଼ୁଖ୍
- Spoken in: India, Bangladesh and Nepal
- Spoken in: Ghana, Burkina Faso, and Togo
- Spoken in: Nepal
Kutenai – Ktunaxa
- Spoken in: the United States and Canada
- Formerly spoken in: Angola
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
- Spoken in: Malaita, Solomon Islands
Kyrgyz – Кыргыз тили
- Official language in: Kyrgyzstan and the Russian autonomous republic of the Altai Republic
L
Laal – yəw láà:l- Spoken in: Chad
- Spoken in: South Sudan
Ladin – Ladin
- Spoken in: Italy
- Official language in: Lancang Lahu Autonomous County, Yunnan, China
- Also spoken in: Thailand, Laos and Myanmar
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan, Russia
- Spoken in: Wangdue Phodrang and Trongsa
Lakota – Lakȟótiyapi
- Spoken by: the Lakota people
Lamba – Ichilamba
- Spoken in: Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Spoken in: Lampung and South Sumatra, Indonesia
Lapaguía Zapotec – ?
Lasi – لاسی
Latgalian – latgalīšu volūda
- Spoken in: Latvia
- Official language in the Vatican City
- Formerly spoken in the Roman Republic, Roman Empire, and in legal court
Latvian Sign Language – Latviešu zīmju valoda
- Signed in: Latvia
Leizhou Min – 雷州话, 雷州話
- Spoken in: Leizhou Peninsula in southwestern Guangdong, China
- Spoken in: Tanna Island, Vanuatu
Lepcha – ᰛᰩᰵ་ᰛᰧᰶᰵ
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim
Lezgian – лезги чӏал
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan, Russia
- Spoken in: southwest Bhutan
- Spoken in: Liberia
- Official language in: Liguria, Italy and Monaco
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim
- Official language in: the Netherlands
- Official language in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo
Lipo – Lolopo, Lolongo
- Spoken in: China
- Spoken in: West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh in India
- Official language in: the Chinese autonomous prefecture of Nujiang Lisu and the Chinese autonomous county of Weixi Lisu
Lithuanian Sign Language – Lietuvių gestų kalba
- Signed in: Lithuania
- Spoken in: Latvia
- Recognised Minority Language in: Finland and Karelia, Russia
- A logical constructed language
- Spoken in: China
Lombard – lombard, lumbard, lumbart, lombart
Louisiana Creole – Kouri-Vini, Kréyòl Lalwizyann
- Spoken in: Louisiana, United States
- Spoken in: Denmark, Germany, and the Netherlands
- Spoken in: the State of Brandenburg in Germany
- Official language in: Alaska, the United States
Luba-Kasai – Tshiluba
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Ludic – Luudi, Lyydi or lüüdi
- Spoken in: Republic of Karelia, Russia
- Spoken in: Uganda
- Spoken in: Kenya
- Spoken in: the southern area of the State of California, United States
- Spoken in: Zambia, Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Luobohe Miao – A-Hmyo, Ā-hmiò
Luri – لری or Lori
- Spoken in: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, and the United Arab Emirates
- Spoken in: northwestern Washington, the United States
- Official language in: Luxembourg
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Belgian community of the French Community of Belgium
M
Maasai – ɔl Maa- Spoken by: the Kenyan/Tanzanian Maasai people
Macedonian Sign Language – македонски знаковен јазик, makedonski znakoven jazik
- Signed in: North Macedonia
- Spoken in: Uganda and South Sudan
Madurese – Basa Mathura
- Official language in: East Java in Indonesia
Magar – मगर भाषा
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim
- Spoken in: Nepal
- Spoken in: Maguindanao del Norte and Maguindanao del Sur, Philippines
- Formerly spoken in: Maharashtra, India
- Official language in: the Indian state of Bihar and Nepal
- Spoken in: East Timor
- Spoken in: the southern tip of the Indonesian province of South Sulawesi
- Spoken in: northern Mozambique and southern Tanzania
Malay – بهاس ملايو or Bahasa Melayu
- Official language in: Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore
- Official language in: the Indian state of Kerala and the Indian territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry
- Spoken in: Canada and the United States
Maltese Sign Language – Lingwa tas-Sinjali Maltija
- Signed in: Malta
Manado Malay – Bahasa Manado
- Spoken in: Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
- Spoken by: the Manchu people
- Formerly spoken in: the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota, the United States
Mandarin – 國語
- Spoken in: Most of China
- Spoken in: Senegal, The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau
- Spoken in: Gambier Islands in French Polynesia
- Official language in: Guinea and Mali
- Spoken: along the Ob River and its tributaries, in the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, and Sverdlovsk Oblast in Russia
- Official language in: the Isle of Man
Mapuche – Mapudungun
- Official language in: the communes of Galvarino, Padre Las Casas and Temuco in Chile
- Regional language in: the Philippines
- Official language in: the Indian state of Maharashtra and the Indian territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Mari – марий йылме
Marquesan (North) – Èo ènana
- Spoken in: Marquesas Islands in French Polynesia
- Spoken in: Marquesas Islands in French Polynesia
- Spoken in: Northern Territory, Australia
- Official language in: the Marshall Islands
Masalit – kana masara
- Spoken in: Dar Masalit, Darfur, Republic of the Sudan
- Formerly spoken in: the northern Sayan Mountains, Russia
Mayo – Caíta
Mazanderani – مازِرونی
- Spoken in: Mazandaran Province, Iran
- Spoken in: Cameroon
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Megleno-Romanian – vlăhește
- Spoken in: Greece, North Macedonia, Romania, Turkey and Serbia
- Official language in: the Indian state of Manipur
- Spoken in: Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea
- Spoken in: Northeastern Wisconsin, the United States
- Spoken in: Eastern Torres Strait Islands, Queensland, Australia
- Spoken in: the Illinois Confederation
- Spoken in: Canadian Prairies, Canada
- Spoken in: Mexico
- Formerly spoken in: the Armenian highlands and Cilicia
- Formerly spoken in: the Low Countries
- Formerly spoken in: the British Isles
- Formerly spoken in: France
- Formerly spoken in: Germany, Austria and parts of Switzerland
- Formerly spoken in: Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man
- Formerly spoken in: Korea
- Formerly spoken in: Northern Central Europe
- Formerly spoken in: Norway
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, India
- Official language in: Nova Scotia, Canada
- Recognised Minority Language in: New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island, Canada
- Spoken in: the southeastern area of China
- Spoken in: the Chinese prefecture-level city of Nanping
- Spoken in: the Chinese prefecture-level cities of Fuzhou and Ningde
- Spoken in: the southeastern area of China
- Spoken in: the southeastern area of China
- Spoken in: West Sumatra, Indonesia
Mirandese – mirandés, lhéngua mirandesa, léngua mirandesa
- Spoken in: Portugal
- Spoken in: Daraga, Albay, the Philippines
- Official language in: North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region and South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region in Nicaragua
Miyako – 宮古口, ミャークフツ, 島口, スマフツ
- Spoken in: Okinawa Prefecture, Japan
Mòcheno – Bersntolerisch, Bersntoler sproch
Moghol † – مُغُلی
- Formerly spoken in: Afghanistan
- Spoken in: the United States and Canada
- Formerly spoken in: Southern New England and Eastern Long Island, the United States
- Spoken in: Madang Province, Papua New Guinea
Mol – Alatil
- Spoken in: Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea
- Official language in: Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic
- Recognised Minority Language in: Ukraine
- Note: the Moldovan language is actually identical to the Romanian language, being one of the two local names for the Romanian language in Moldova
- Spoken in: the Myanma delta of the Irrawaddy River
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Official language in: the Chinese autonomous region of Inner Mongolia and Mongolia
- Signed in: Mongolia
Montagnais – Innu-aimun
Montenegrin – crnogorski, црногорски
- Official language in: Montenegro
- Recognised Minority Language in: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the Serbian municipality of Mali Iđoš in the autonomous region of Vojvodina
- Spoken in: West Papua, Indonesia
- Formerly spoken in: Chatham Islands, New Zealand
- Spoken in: Morocco
Motu – Motu
- Spoken in: Central Province, Papua New Guinea
- Spoken in: Algeria
- Formerly spoken in: Al-Andalus
- Spoken in: Bangladesh and Myanmar
Mường – thiểng Mường
- Spoken in: Northwestern Vietnam
Musgu – Mulwi
Musi – Basé Musi
- Spoken in: South Sumatra, Indonesia
- Formerly spoken in: Chad
- Spoken in: Mussau Island of St Matthias Islands and Emira Island part of Papua New Guinea
N
N'Ko – ߒߞߏ- Spoken in: West Africa
- Formerly spoken in: Cameroon
Najdi Arabic – نجدي,اللهجة النجدية
- Spoken in: Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Jordan, and Syria
Naskapi – ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, ᐃᔪᐤ ᐃᔨᒧᐅᓐ
Naukan Yupik – Нывуӄаӷмистун
- Spoken in: Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
Navajo – Diné bizaad
- Spoken on the Navajo Nation
- Official language in: Yulong Naxi Autonomous County in Yunnan province, China
Ndyuka –
- Spoken in: French Guiana and Suriname
Negerhollands † – Negerhollands
- Formerly spoken in: US Virgin Islands
- Spoken in: Nenets Autonomous Okrug and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia
- Spoken in: Iran
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim and Nepal
- Official language in: the Indian district of the Darjeeling district, the Indian state of Sikkim, and Nepal
- Spoken in: East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea
Ngaanyatjarra – Ngaanyatjarra
- Spoken in: Warburton, Western Australia in Australia
- Spoken in: Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
- Spoken in: Taymyr Autonomous Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Formerly spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Spoken in: Yobe State, Nigeria
- Spoken in: Kaduna State, Nigeria
- Spoken in: the Mid West region of Western Australia in Australia
- Official language in: the Brazilian municipalities of São Gabriel da Cachoeira in Amazonas and Monsenhor Tabosa in Ceará
- Spoken in: Nias and Batu Islands in Indonesia
- Spoken in: Nigeria
- Spoken in: Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra in India
- Spoken in: Northwest British Columbia, Canada
Nivkh – нивх диф, нивх туғс
- Spoken in: Khabarovsk Krai and Sakhalin Oblast, Russia
- Spoken in: Noakhali District in Chittagong Division, Bangladesh and the southern area of Tripura, India
Nogai – ногай тили, nogay tili
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan and the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in Russia
- Spoken in: Western Australia, Australia
Norman – Normaund
Norn † – norn
North Straits Salish – xʷsenəčqən
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada and Washington, the United States
Northern Ndebele – isiNdebele
Northern Qiang – Rrmearr
Northern Sotho – Sesotho sa Leboa
Northern Thai – ᨣᩴᩤᨾᩮᩥᩬᨦ
- Spoken in: the northern area of Thailand, and some other parts of Southeast Asia
Northern Yukaghir – Вадул аруу
- Spoken in: Sakha Republic, Russia
Norwegian – Norsk
Norwegian Sign Language – norsk tegnspråk, norsk teiknspråk
- Signed in: Norway
- Spoken in: Virginia in the United States
Nubi – Kinubi, كي-نوبي
Nuer – Thok Naath
- Spoken in: South Sudan and Gambela Region, Ethiopia
Nuosu (Yi) – ꆈꌠ꒿
- Spoken in: China
- Spoken in: Nigeria
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
- Spoken in: Tanzania
- Spoken in: the Republic of Uganda
- Spoken in: Uganda
- Spoken in: Uganda
- Spoken in: Ghana and Ivory Coast
- Spoken in: South Africa
O
Obolo – Andoni- Spoken in: Rivers State and Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
- Official language in: the Spanish comarca of Val d'Aran
- Formerly spoken in: Rivers State, Nigeria
- Official language in: the Indian states of Jharkhand and Odisha
Oirat – ᡆᡕᡅᠷᠠᡑ ᡘᡄᠯᡄᠨ
Oirata – Maaro
- Spoken in: Indonesia
- Spoken by: the Ojibwe people
- Spoken by: the Oji-Cree people
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada and Washington, the United States
Okinawan (Ryukyuan) – 沖縄口, ウチナーグチ
- Spoken in: Okinawa Prefecture, Japan
- Spoken in: Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan
- Formerly spoken in: the Fertile Crescent
- Formerly spoken in: Eastern Europe
- Formerly spoken in: the Low Countries
Old French † – Franceis, François, Romanz
Old Frisian † – Frīsesk
- Formerly spoken in: the Netherlands, Germany and the Region of Southern Denmark
- Formerly spoken in: Georgia
- Formerly spoken in: Central Europe
- Formerly spoken in: the British Isles
- Formerly spoken in: Japan
- Formerly spoken in: southern and central areas of Korea
- Formerly spoken in: Northern Europe
- Formerly spoken in: Southern France
- Formerly spoken in: Iran
- Formerly spoken in: Prussia
- Formerly spoken in: Northwest Germany, Northeast Netherlands and Southern Denmark
- Formerly spoken in: the Crown of Castile, Spain
- Formerly spoken in: Sunda Kingdom
- Formerly spoken in: the Coastline of Brazil
- Formerly spoken in: Caucasian Albania
- Formerly spoken in: Great Rift Valley, Kenya
- Spoken in: Canada and the United States
- Spoken in: Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Spoken in: South Omo Zone, South Ethiopia Regional State, Ethiopia
- Spoken in: Canada and the United States
- Spoken in: Ontong Java Atoll, Solomon Islands
- Official language in: Mexico
- Also spoken in: the United States
- Spoken in: South Waziristan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
- Spoken in: Khabarovsk Krai, Russia
- Spoken in: Sakhalin Oblast, Russia
Osage † – ?????? ??, Wažáže ie
- Formerly spoken in: Oklahoma, the United States
- Spoken in: Banyuwangi Regency and Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia
- Spoken in: North Ossetia and South Ossetia
- Spoken in: the Mexican states of México, Puebla, Veracruz, Hidalgo, Guanajuato, Querétaro, Tlaxcala, and Michoacán
- Formerly an official language in: the Ottoman Empire
Oy – Oi, The
- Spoken in: Attapeu province, Laos
P
Páez – Nasa Yuwe- Spoken in: Colombia
- Spoken in: the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, and West Bengal; Nepal, the Pakistani state of Azad Kashmir, and Greater Tibet
- Formerly spoken in: Iran
- Spoken in: Mexico
Palauan – a tekoi er a Belau
Palenquero – Palenquero
- Spoken in: San Basilio de Palenque, Bolívar Department, Colombia
- The Pali language is a liturgical language of Theravada Buddhism
- Spoken in: Brazil and French Guiana
Pamona – Poso, Bare’e
- Spoken in: Central and South Sulawesi, Indonesia
- Spoken in: Mato Grosso, Brazil
Panawa – Bujiyel
- Spoken in: Toro, Bauchi State, Nigeria
- Spoken in: Catanduanes, Philippines
- Spoken in: Pangasinan, Philippines
- Official language in: The Serbian autonomous province of Vojvodina
Papiamento – Papiamentu
- Official language in: Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao
Para – Jaijairai
Paratió † – Prakió
- Formerly spoken in: Brazil
- Spoken in: Mato Grosso, Brazil
- Spoken in: Tharparkar, Pakistan
- Spoken in: Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan
Pataxó-Hãhãhãe † – Hahaháy, Pataxó, Hãhãhãe
- Formerly spoken in: Minas Gerais and Bahia, Brazil
Pazeh – Pazih, Pazéh, Kaxabu
- Spoken in: Taiwan
- Spoken by: the Pennsylvania German people in the United States and Canada
- Official language in: Afghanistan, Iran, and Tajikistan
- Spoken in: Indonesia and Netherlands
- Formerly spoken in: the Near East
Picard – picard
Pichinglis – Pichi
- Spoken in: Bioko, Equatorial Guinea
Pijin – Pijin
- Spoken in: Solomon Islands
- Spoken in: the State of Arizona, United States and the Free and Sovereign State of Durango, United Mexican States
Pintupi-Luritja – Pintupi-Luritja
- Spoken in: Western Australia and Northern Territory, Australia
- Spoken in: the Salvadoran cities of San Salvador and Sonsonate; and the Salvadoran department of La Libertad
Pitjantjatjara – Pitjantjatjara
- Spoken in: the northwestern area of the Australian state of South Australia
- Official language in: the Pitcairn Islands, the United Kingdom
- Spoken in: Eastern Europe, with some scattered speakers in the Americas
Pohnpeian – Mahsen en Pohnpei, Lokaiahn Pohnpei
Polish – Język polski, polski, or polszczyzna
- Official language in: Poland
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Czech Republic, Romania, Slovakia, and Ukraine
- Signed in: Poland
Popoloca – Popoloca
Portuguese – Português
- Official language in: Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, East Timor, Equatorial Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Macau, Mozambique, Portugal, and São Tomé and Príncipe
- Signed in: Portugal
- Spoken in: the United States and Canada
- Formerly spoken in: Virginia and Maryland, the United States
Punjabi – पंजाबी, ਪੰਜਾਬੀ, or پنجابی
- Official language in: the Indian Union territory of Delhi ; and the Indian states of Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, and West Bengal
- Majority spoken language in: Pakistan and mostly in the province of Punjab
Puroik – pɯh˧˩ ɣut˥
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, India and Lhünzê County in Tibet, China
- Spoken in: the Chinese county of Xianyou and the Chinese prefecture-level cities of Fuzhou, Putian, and Quanzhou
- Spoken in: Kayin State, Myanmar and Thailand
Q
Qashqai – قشقايی ديلى- Spoken in: Fars Province, Iran
- Official language in: Guatemala and Mexico
- Signed in: Quebec, and parts of Ontario and New Brunswick, Canada
Quenya – Eldarin
- Constructed language spoken by the Elves in the Middle-earth
- Quenya is used as a liturgical language by Elves
- Formerly spoken in: the Olympic Peninsula, Washington, the United States
- Spoken in: Spain
R
Raga – Hano- Spoken in: the Pentecost Island, Republic of Vanuatu
Rajbanshi – राजबंशी, রাজবংশী, তাজপুরিয়া
- Spoken in: Nepal
- Official language in: North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region and South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region in Nicaragua
- Formerly spoken in: Bolivia
- Spoken in: Tanzania
- Official language in: West Bengal, India
- Also spoken in: North Bengal
- Spoken in: Rapa Iti, French Polynesia
Réunion Creole – kréol rénioné
Rinconada Bikol – Rinconada
- Spoken in: Camarines Sur, Philippines
- Official language in: the Rakhine State, and southeastern Chittagong Division
- Spoken in: Eastern Emilia-Romagna, Italy and San Marino
- Spoken by: the Romani people ; recognised as a minority language in Sweden
- Official language in: Moldova, Romania, Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, and the Serbian autonomous province of Vojvodina
- Recognised Minority Language in: Hungary, Italy, Serbia, Spain, and Ukraine
- Signed in: Romania
Rotokas – Rotokas
- Spoken in: Bougainville part of Papua New Guinea
- Official language in: Rotuma, Fiji
Russian – Русский
- Official language in: 8 countries, 3 subnational entities and 12 organizations
- Recognised Minority Language in: 7 countries
- Signed in: Russia, Tajikistan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Moldova
- Official language in: The Serbian autonomous province of Vojvodina
- Recognised Minority Language in: Croatia, Poland, Romania, Serbia, and Slovakia
- Formerly spoken in: the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan, Russia
- Spoken in: Uganda
S
Saanich – SENĆOŦEN, Sənčáθən- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada and Washington, the United States
- Spoken in: Taiwan
Saek – แถร̄ก
Saint Lucian Creole – kwéyòl
- Spoken in: Saint Lucia
- Formerly spoken in: Central Asia
- Spoken in: Northeast India
- Spoken in: Taiwan
- Official language in: Xunhua Salar Autonomous County and Jishishan Bonan, Dongxiang and Salar Autonomous County, China
- Spoken in: Montana, Idaho and Washington, the United States
- Formerly spoken in: Israel and Palestine
- The Samaritan Aramaic language is a liturgical language used by Samaritans
- Formerly spoken in: Israel and Palestine
- The Samaritan Hebrew language is a liturgical language used by Samaritans
- Regional language in: the Philippines
Samburu – Sampur, ɔl Maa
- Spoken in: Samburu County, Kenya
- Formerly spoken in: Russia
- Recognised as a minority language in Finland
- Formerly spoken in: Finland
- Recognised as a minority language in Russia
- Recognised as a minority language in Norway, Sweden
- Recognised as a minority language in Finland, Norway, Sweden
- Recognised as a minority language in Norway, Sweden
- Recognised as a minority language in Russia, and formerly spoken in Norway
- Recognised as a minority language in Norway
- A moribund language spoken in Russia
- Recognised as a minority language in Sweden, and formerly in Norway
- Official language in: American Samoa and Samoa
Sandawe – Sàndàwé kì’ìng
- Spoken in: Tanzania
- Official language in: the Central African Republic
- Recognised Minority Language in: Chad and the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Santali – ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ
Sanumá – Sanöma
Saramaccan – Saamáka
- Spoken in: Suriname and French Guiana, France
- Official language in: the Italian autonomous region of Sardinia
- Recognised Minority Language in: Italy
Sartang – But
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, India
- Spoken in: West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Saurashtra – ꢱꣃꢬꢵꢰ꣄ꢜ꣄ꢬꢵ
- Spoken in: the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu
Scots – Scots, Scottis, Scots leid, Lallans
Scottish Gaelic – Gàidhlig
Sechelt – sháshíshalh-em
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
- Spoken in: Taiwan
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
Selkup – чу́мэл шэ, тюйкуй келл, шё̄шӄуй шэ̄, сӱ̄ссыӷӯй сэ̄, шöйӄумый эты
- Spoken in: Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia
Seneca – Onöndowaʼga꞉ʼ Gawë꞉noʼ
- Spoken in: Western New York, the United States and the Six Nations of the Grand River Reserve, Ontario, Canada
- Spoken in: North Sentinel Island
- Official language in: Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia
- Recognised Minority Language in: Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania and Slovakia
- Signed in: Serbia and Montenegro
- Official language in: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro Serbia
- Recognised Minority Language in: Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, North Macedonia, Romania and Slovakia
- Spoken in: Sark, a part of the Bailiwick of Guernsey
- Spoken in: the Republic of the Gambia and the Republic of Senegal
Serrano † – Maarrênga'twich
- Formerly spoken in: Southern California, the United States
Shabo – Mikeyir
- Spoken in: the eastern part of the South West Ethiopia Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
- Spoken in: the Myanmar states of the Kachin State and the Shan State and by the Shan people
- Spoken in: the Chinese municipality of Shanghai
Shauraseni Prakrit † – ???????
- Formerly spoken in: the Indian subcontinent
- Spoken in: Central and Northeast Oklahoma, the United States
- Spoken in: West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh in India
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim
- Spoken in: Shetland in Scotland, the United Kingdom
- Spoken in: Morocco
- Spoken in: Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
- Spoken in: Ucayali Region, Peru
Shor – шор тили, тадар тили
- Spoken in: Kemerovo Oblast, Russia
- Spoken in: Wyoming, Utah, Nevada and Idaho, the United States
Shughni – xuɣ̌nůni ziv, خُږنۈنے زِڤ, хуг̌ну̊ни зив
- Spoken in: the Gorno-Badakhshan in Tajikistan, Badakhshan Province in Afghanistan, Chitral District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan and Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County in China.
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada
Sicilian – Sicilianu
- Spoken in: the Italian region of Apulia, Calabria, Campania ; the Italian comune of Leece ; Malta ; and the Italian autonomous region of Sicily
- Spoken in: Sidama Region, Ethiopia
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim
- Spoken in: and
- Spoken in: Central Ethiopia Regional State, Ethiopia
- Constructed language spoken by the Elves in the Middle-earth
- Official language in: India and the Pakistani province of Sindh
Sinte Romani – Romanes, Sinto, Sintitikes
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Netherlands and Germany
- Official language in: South Dakota, the United States
- Official language in: the Northwest Territories, Canada
- Official language in: Slovakia, and the Serbian autonomous province of Vojvodina
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Czech Republic, Hungary and Ukraine
- Signed in: Slovakia
- Official language in: Slovenia
- Recognised Minority Language in: Austria, Hungary, and Italy
Sogdian † – ??????, ??????, ???????, ???????
- Formerly spoken in: Central Asia and China
- A musical constructed language
Songhay – Songhai
- Spoken in: West Africa, primarily in Niger and Mali
- Spoken in: West Africa, primarily in Mali and Mauritania
Sora – ???, ସଉରା
- Spoken in: India
Sotho – Sesotho
- Official language in: Lesotho and South Africa
South Azerbaijani – آذربایجان دیلی
- Spoken in: Iranian Azerbaijan, Iran
Southern Ndebele – isiNdebele
Southern Qiang – ?
Southern Quechua – Urin Qhichwa
Southern Thai – ภาษาไทยถิ่นใต้
- Spoken in: the southern area of Thailand, and some other parts of Southeast Asia
Southern Uzbek – اۉزبېکچه,اۉزبېکی,اۉزبېک تورکچهسی
- Spoken in: Afghanistan
- Spoken in: Sakha Republic and Magadan Oblast, Russia
Spanish Sign Language – Lengua de Signos Española
- Signed in: Spain
- Spoken in: southwestern British Columbia, Canada
- Spoken in: Suriname
Sudanese Arabic – لهجة سودانية
- Spoken in: Sudan
Sukuma – Kɪsukuma, Kisukuma
- Spoken in: Tanzania
Sunam – sunnampakad
- Spoken in: Himachal Pradesh, India
- Official language in: the Indonesian province of West Java
- Official language in: Sikkim, India
Suret – ܣܘܪܝܬ
Surigaonon – Tandaganon
- Regional language in: the Philippines
- Spoken in: Guinea and Sierra Leone
- Spoken in: Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea
- Spoken in: Georgia
- Official language in: Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda
- Official language in: Eswatini and South Africa
- Official language in: Finland and Sweden
Swiss German – Schwyzerdütsch
- Spoken in: the Austrian state of Vorarlberg, the Italian regions of the Aosta Valley and Piedmont, Liechtenstein, and Switzerland
- Signed in: Liechtenstein, and Switzerland
- Spoken in: the Bangladeshi division of Greater Sylhet ; the Indian state of Assam's Barak Valley ; and the Indian state of Tripura
- Formerly spoken in: the Fertile Crescent and Eastern Arabia
- The Syriac language is a liturgical language of Syriac Christianity
T
Taa – ǃXóõ- Spoken in: Ghanzi, Kgalagadi, Kweneng, Southern Districts and Hardap
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan, Russia
- Official language in: the Philippines
- Formerly spoken in: the Northwest Territories and Yukon, Canada
- Spoken in: Society Islands in French Polynesia
- Spoken in: Northern British Columbia, Canada
Tai Dam – ꪺꪕꪒꪾ
- Spoken in: the Chinese county of the Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County
- Spoken in: Laos, Vietnam and the Chinese county of the Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County
- Spoken in: Shan State, Republic of the Union of Myanmar and the Kingdom of Thailand
- Spoken in: Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
Taíno † – Tainonaíki
- Formerly spoken in: the Antilles
- Formerly spoken in: Taiwan
- Signed in: Taiwan
Tajik – Тоҷикӣ
- Official language in: the Tajikistan
Talossan – el glheþ Talossan
- A constructed language that was invented by Robert Ben Madison for his micronation of Talossa
- Spoken in: Iran and Azerbaijan
Tamasheq – Tamashek
Tamazight – ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, أمازيغية أطلس الأوسط
Tamil – தமிழ்
- Official language in: the Indian states of Tamil Nadu, union territories of Pondicherry and Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Sri Lanka, Republic of Singapore
- Recognised Minority Language in: Malaysia
- Official language in: Alaska, the United States
- Spoken in: Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh ; Mizoram and Tripura, India ; Rakhine State, Myanmar
- Formerly the Official language in: the Tangut Empire
Tarifit – Tmaziɣt, ⵜⴰⵔⵉⴼⵉⵜ, الريفية
Tat – zuhun tati, зугьун тати
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan, Russia
Tausug – Bahasa Sūg
- Spoken in: Sulu, Philippines
Tay – Tiểng Tày, Thổ
- Spoken in: Vietnam
- Spoken in Saint-Louis, New Caledonia
- Spoken in: Mali
Teleut – Телеңет тили
- Spoken in: Kemerovo Oblast, Russia
- Official language in: the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana and town of Yanam
- Spoken in: Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea
- Spoken in: Sierra Leone and Guinea
- Spoken in: the Republic of Uganda
- Spoken in: Brazil
- Spoken in: Terengganu, Malaysia
- Spoken in: the Costa Rican provinces of Limón and Puntarenas, and the Panamanian provinces of Bocas del Toro and Chiriquí
- Official language in: the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste
- Recognised Minority Language in: East Nusa Tenggara, Republic of Indonesia
- Official language in: the Kingdom of Thailand
Thao – Thau a lalawa
- Spoken in: Taiwan
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada and Washington, the United States
- Official language in: the Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China and Upper Mustang, Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
- Recognised Minority Language in: Eritrea and Sudan
- Official language in: the State of Eritrea and the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
- Formerly spoken in: Georgia and Florida, United States
Tiv – Tiv
- Spoken in: Benue State, Cross River State, Plateau State and Taraba State, Nigeria
- Spoken in: Melville Island and Bathurst Island in Northern Territory, Australia
- Official language in: Alaska, the United States
- Spoken in: Tobago part of Trinidad and Tobago
Toda – தோடா
- Spoken in: Western Tamil Nadu, India
- Spoken in: Irkutsk Oblast, Russia
Tokelauan – gagana Tokelau
Toki Pona – toki pona
- Constructed language spoken worldwide
- Spoken in: Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan
- Official language in: the Kingdom of Tonga
- Formerly spoken in: the City of Los Angeles, United States
- Spoken in: Uganda
- Spoken in: Torres Strait Islands, Queensland, Australia
- Spoken in: Pakistan
- Spoken in: Trinidad in Trinidad and Tobago
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan, Russia
- Spoken in: the Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation
- Official language in: Alaska, the United States
Tsonga – Xitsonga
- Official language in: the Republic of South Africa and the Republic of Zimbabwe
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Republic of Mozambique
- Spoken in: Alishan Range, Taiwan
- Spoken in: Mozambique
- Official language in: the Republic of Botswana, the Republic of South Africa, and the Republic of Zimbabwe
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Republic of Namibia
- Spoken in: Tuamotu Archipelago in French Polynesia
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Republic of Mali and the Republic of Niger
- Spoken in: California
- Spoken in: Northwestern Hunan Province, China
- Spoken in: the Indian states of Karnataka, Kerala, and Maharashtra
- Recognised Minority Language in: Malawi, Zambia and Tanzania
- Spoken in: Cambodia
- Spoken in: the Louisiana, United States of America
- Spoken in: Tunisia
- Spoken in: Plateau State and Bauchi State, Nigeria
Turkish – Türkçe
- Official language in: Turkey, Northern Cyprus and Cyprus
- Spoken in: the Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Iraq, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Romania, Bulgaria, Syria, the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany
- Signed in: Turkey
Turoyo – ܛܘܪܝܐ
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Democratic Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria and Turkey
- Formerly spoken by: the Tuscarora people
Tuvan – тыва дыл
- Spoken in: Tuva
- Spoken in: Ghana
- Spoken in: Kaduna State and Plateau State, Nigeria
Tzotzil – Batsʼi kʼop
U
Ubykh † – twaxəbza- Formerly spoken in: Turkey
- Spoken in: Azerbaijan, Russia, and Georgia
- Official language in: the Udmurt Republic, Russia
- Spoken in: the Federal Democratic Republic of South Sudan and the Republic of the Sudan
- Formerly spoken in: Syria
- Spoken in: western Thailand
- Official language in: the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic and Ukraine
- Recognised Minority Language in: Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Republic of Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, the Republic of Moldova, the Republic of Poland, Romania, the Republic of Serbia, and the Slovak Republic
- Signed in: Ukraine
- Spoken in: Ulithi Atoll, Federated States of Micronesia
Umbrian † – Iuku Umbriu
- Formerly spoken in: central Italy
Unserdeutsch – Unserdeutsch
- Spoken in: Papua New Guinea and Australia
- Formerly spoken in: Oregon and Washington, the United States
- Official language in: Alaska, the United States
Upper Tanana – Nee'aanèegn'
- Official language in: Alaska, the United States
- Official language in: the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the Indian states of Bihar, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Telangana
- Spoken in: Delta State and Edo State, Nigeria
Uspanteco – uspantek
- Spoken in: Guatemala
- Official language in: the Chinese autonomous region of Xinjiang and Recognised Minority Language of Kazakhstan
V
Vaagri Booli – ஃஅக்கிபிக்கி- Spoken in: Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Puducherry, Karnataka,, Maharashtra, and all in India
- Spoken in: Liberia and Sierra Leone
- Official language in: the Spanish autonomous community of Valencia
- Signed in: the Spanish autonomous community of Valencia
- Spoken in: Bagmati Province, Nepal
- Spoken in: Uva Province of Sri Lanka
- Official language in: the Republic of South Africa and the Republic of Zimbabwe
- Official language in: the Italian region of Veneto
Vietnamese – tiếng Việt
- Official language in: the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
- Recognised Minority Language in: Czechia and Slovakia
- Spoken in: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- An engineered constructed language created as an artificial pidgin
- Spoken in: British Virgin Islands, US Virgin Islands
- Generally spoken in: Southeastern Europe
Võro – Võro Kiil
- Spoken in: Southern Estonia
- Spoken in: Adamawa State, Nigeria
W
Wa – VaWaimiri-Atroarí – Kinja Iara
Wakhi – ښیکوار زیک, Х̆икв̆ор зик, X̌ikwor zik
- Spoken in: Wakhan District in Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan, and neighboring areas of Tajikistan, Pakistan and China
- Spoken in: Ghana
- Spoken in: Wallis, Wallis and Futuna, France
Waorani – Wao Terero
Warao – Guarauno, Warrau
Waray – Winaray, Binisayâ nga Winaray
- Regional language in: the Philippines
- Spoken in: the Australian Northern Territory
- Spoken in: Northern Territory, Australia
- Spoken in: the states of California and Nevada, the United States
- Spoken in: Waziristan, Pakistan
Welsh – Cymraeg
- Official language in: the British country of Wales
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Argentine Republic and the United Kingdom
Western Neo-Aramaic – ܣܪܝܘܢ
- Spoken in: Syria
- Spoken in: California
- Spoken in: New South Wales, Australia
- Formerly spoken in: Northwestern California, the United States
Wolof – Wolof
- Spoken in: the Republic of the Gambia, the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, and the Republic of Senegal
- Spoken in: the southern region of the Chinese province of Jiangsu, the entire province of Zhejiang, and the municipality of Shanghai
- Spoken in: Wilamowice, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland
X
Xaracuu – Kanala, Xârâcùù- Spoken in: the French special collectivity of New Caledonia
- Official language in: the Republic of South Africa and the Republic of Zimbabwe
- Spoken in: the northern region of the Chinese province of Guangxi and the central and southwestern regions of the province of Hunan
- Spoken in: the Chinese autonomous region of Xinjiang
- Formerly spoken in: Brazil
- Spoken in: southeastern China
- Formerly spoken in: Brazil
Y
Yaeyama – 八重山物言, ヤイマムニ- Spoken in: Okinawa Prefecture, Japan
- Formerly spoken in: Tierra del Fuego, Chile and Argentina
- Spoken in: Tajikistan
- Regional language in: the Philippines
Yakut – Саха тыла
- Official language in: Yakutia or Sakha in Russia
- Spoken in: Sumgilbar Rural LLG in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea
- Spoken in: Orchid Island, Taiwan
- Spoken in: the Peruvian department of Pasco
- Spoken in: Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea
- Recognised minority language in: Malawi
- Also spoken in: Mozambique and Tanzania
Yaqui – Yoem Noki
- Spoken in: Sonora, Mexico and Arizona, the United States
- Spoken in: Greece, Israel, Turkey, United States
- Official language in: the Russian Jewish Autonomous Oblast
- Recognised as a minority language in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the State of Israel, the Netherlands, the Republic of Poland, Romania, the Kingdom of Sweden, and Ukraine
- Spoken in: Yilan County, Taiwan
- Formerly spoken in: County Wexford, Ireland
- Spoken in: Okinawa Prefecture, Japan
- Spoken in: Western Province in Papua New Guinea and Boven Digoel Regency, South Papua in Indonesia
- Spoken in: Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan
Yucatec Maya – mayaʼ tʼaan, maayaʼ tʼaan
Yuchi – Tsoyaha
- Spoken in: Oklahoma, the United States
- Spoken in: the Chinese province of Guangdong and the autonomous region of Guangxi
- Formerly spoken along: the Yenisei River in Russia
- Spoken in: Northwestern California, the United States
Z
Zaghawa – BeriaZaiwa – Tsaiwa, Tsaiva
Zande – Pazande
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic and South Sudan
Zarma – Zarma ciine, Zarma sanni, زَرْمَ ݘِينٜ,زَرْمَ سَنِّ
- Spoken in: Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, Nigeria
Zaza – Zazaki
- Spoken in: Tunceli, Bingöl and parts of Elazığ, Erzincan and Diyarbakır
- Spoken in: Zeeland, the Netherlands
Zhuang – Vahcuengh, 話壯
- Spoken in: the southern areas of China
- The Dari language is used by some Zoroastrians in Central Iran
- Note: the Zoroastrian Dari language is also called Dari, which shouldn't be confused with the variety of Persian language spoken in Afghanistan
- Spoken in: Chin State, Myanmar ; Mizoram and Manipur, India
Zuni – Shiwi’ma
- Spoken in: New Mexico and Arizona in the United States
- Spoken in: the Chinese autonomous region of Guangxi
- Spoken in: Chin State and India
ǀ
ǀXam † – ǀKham, ǀKhuai- Formerly spoken in: South Africa and Lesotho
Alphabets and scripts
† = Extinct script or alphabet'
'Phags-pa † –- Formerly Used in: the People's Republic of China, the Republic of India, Mongolia, and Greater Tibet
A
Abkhaz alphabet – Aҧсшәа- Used in: the Republic of Abkhazia and the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia, Georgia
- Used in: Suriname
Anglo-Saxon † – ᚠᚢᚦᚩᚱᚳ
- Formerly Used in: Anglo-Saxon England
- Used in: primarily the Middle East and North Africa, but also in Southeast Asia, the northern areas of Sub-Saharan Africa, and the United Nations
- Used in: Armenia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Republic of Poland, Romania, and the United States
- Constructed script used for Galactic Basic, a fictional lingua franca
- Formerly used in: the Eastern Iranian Plateau
- The Avestan alphabet is a Zoroastrian liturgical script
B
Balinese – ᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭᬩᬮᬶBamum † – ꚶꛉ꛰꛲ꚫꛦꚳ
- Formerly used in: Western Cameroon
- Formerly used in: Bicol Region, Philippines
- Used in: North Sumatra, Indonesia
- Formerly used in: the Philippines. Ongoing revival efforts exist
- Used in: Bangladesh and the regions of West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram, Nagaland and Andaman and Nicobar Islands in India
- Blissymbols is a constructed language using ideographs invented by Charles K. Bliss after the Second World War.
- Used in: the People's Republic of China
- Used in: the Federal Republic of Somalia
- Braille is a tactile writing system, versions of which are used for many different languages and also used for the blind.
- Used in: Mindoro, the Philippines
C
Canadian Aboriginal syllabics – ᖃᓂᐅᔮᖅᐸᐃᑦ, ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ ᓄᑖᖅ, ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ, ᐊᓂᐦᔑᓈᐯᒧᐎᓐ, ᑯᖾᖹ ᖿᐟᖻ ᓱᖽᐧᖿ, ᑐᑊᘁᗕᑋᗸ- Used in: Canada
- Formerly used in: Western Anatolia
Cherokee – ᏣᎳᎩ
- Used in: Cherokee Nation, Oklahoma, the United States
- Constructed script used by the Elves in the Middle-earth
- Liturgically used by: Copts
- Formerly used in: the Ancient Near East
Cyrillic – Кѷрїлловица, Кирилица, Кириллица
- Used in: Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Serbia, Montenegro, Republika Srpska, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Transnistria, other Post-Soviet states, the European Union, the United Nations and elsewhere
D
Deseret – ???????- The Deseret alphabet is a Mormon liturgical script
- Used in: the Indian subcontinent, mainly in the northern areas of India and in Nepal
E
Egyptian hieroglyphs † – ??? ????- Formerly used in: Ancient Egypt
F
Fraser – ꓡꓲ-ꓢꓴG
Geʽez – ግዕዝGeorgian – ქართული
- Used in: Georgia
- Formerly used by: the Middle Age Slavic people
- Used in: Greece, Cyprus and the European Union
- Used in: Gujarat and Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, India
- Used in: Punjab, India
H
Hangul – 한글, 조선글- Used in: South Korea, North Korea and Baubau in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
- Used in: Mindoro, the Philippines
Hiragana – 平仮名, ひらがな
- Used in: Japan
J
Javanese – ꦲꦏ꧀ꦱꦫꦗꦮ- Used in: Central Java, East Java, Lampung, and Yogyakarta, Indonesia
K
Kannada – ಕನ್ನಡKatakana – 片仮名, カタカナ
Kayah Li – Kayah Li';">ꤊꤢꤛꤢꤟ ꤜꤤ
- Used in: the Kayah, Republic of the Union of Myanmar
- Used in: Cambodia
- Formerly used in: Pampanga, Philippines
L
Lao – ອັກສອນລາວ- Used in: Laos
- Used in: Most parts of the world
- Originated in: Latium
Limbu – ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤱ ᤐᤠᤴ
- Used in: Koshi Province, Nepal and Sikkim, India
- Used in: South Sulawesi, West Sulawesi and West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
M
Malayalam – മലയാളലിപി- Used in: Kerala, Lakshadweep and Puducherry, India
- Liturgically used by: the Mandaeans
- Used in: West Africa
Mon–Burmese – မွန်မြန်မာအက္ခရာ
- Used in: Myanmar
- Used in: Mongolia, Inner Mongolia and other parts of northern China
N
New Tai Lue – ᦟᦲᧅᦷᦎᦺᦑᦟᦹᧉ- Used in: Southeast Asia
- Used in: West Africa, specifically Burkina Faso, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Mali, and Senegal
O
Odia – ଓଡ଼ିଆOgham † – ᚛ᚑᚌᚐᚋ᚜
- Formerly used in: Ireland, Isle of Man, Wales, Cornwall and Scotland
- Used in: Jharkhand and West Bengal, India
- Used in: Osage Nation, Oklahoma, the United States
- Used in: the Federal Republic of Somalia
R
Rejang – ꥆꤰ꥓ꤼꤽ ꤽꥍꤺꥏRongorongo † – ?
- Undeciphered script assumed to have been used for Rapa Nui language
- Formerly Used by: 2nd Century Germanics
S
Samaritan † – ࠏࠁࠓࠉࠕ,ࠀࠓࠌࠉࠕ- Liturgically used by: the Samaritans
- Used in: Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka, India
- Invented by Ronald Kingsley Read as an alternative phonetic alphabet to the English language.
- Formerly used in: Central Asia, Japan
- Used in: China, Singapore and the United Nations
- Used in: Sri Lanka
- Used by: Toki Pona speakers
Sylheti Nagri – ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ ꠘꠣꠉꠞꠤ
- Used in: Sylhet Division, Bangladesh and Barak Valley of Assam, India
- Used by: Assyrians
T
Tagbanwa – ᝦᝪᝨᝯ- Used in: Palawan, Philippines
- Used in: Southeast Asia
- Used in: Southeast Asia
- Used in: Southeast Asia
- Used in: Tamil Nadu and Puducherry in India, but also in Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Singapore
- Used in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Puducherry, India
- Constructed script used by the Elves in the Middle-earth
- Used in: Maldives
- Used in: Thailand
Tifinagh – ⵜⴼⵏⵗ, ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ
- Used in: Mali, Niger, Algeria, Libya, and Burkina Faso
V
Vai – ꕙꔤ- Used in: Western Liberia
Y
Yi script – ꆈꌠꁱꂷYounger Futhark † – ᚠᚢᚦᚨᚱᚲ
Dialects
† = Extinct dialectA
Achterhooks – achterhooks- Spoken in: Achterhoek, the Netherlands
- Spoken in: Albania
- Spoken in: Albania
- Spoken in: Liechtenstein, most parts of Switzerland, and in parts of Austria, France, Germany, Italy, United States, and Venezuela
Armenian (Eastern) – Արևելահայերեն
- Spoken in: Armenia
- Spoken by: the Armenian Diaspora
B
Balearic Catalan – balear- Spoken in: the Balearic Islands, Spain
- Spoken in: Pakistani provinces of Sindh, Punjab and the northeastern area of Balochistan
Balochi (Western) – رخشانی
- Spoken in: Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan and Turkmenistan
- Spoken in: Banat and Transylvania, Romania and Vojvodina, Serbia
- Spoken in: Western Central Java, Indonesia
- Spoken by: the Belarusian diaspora
- Spoken in: Belgium and the Netherlands
- Spoken in: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Hungary, and Vojvodina, Serbia
C
Central Kanuri – Yerwá KànùríChakavian – čakavski
Colognian – Kölsch
Congo Swahili – Kingwana
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Formerly spoken in: Egypt
- The [Bohairic Coptic|Bohairic Coptic script|Coptic language] is a liturgical language used by the Coptic Orthodox Church
Cree (East) – ᐄᔨᔫ ᐊᔨᒨᓐ, ᐄᓅ ᐊᔨᒨᓐ
Cree (Moose) – ᐃᓕᓖᒧᐎᓐ
Cree (Plains) – ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ
- Official language in: the Northwest Territories, Canada
- Also spoken in: Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta, Canada ; Montana, the United States
Cree (Woods) – ᓀᐦᐃᖬᐍᐏᐣ
- Spoken in: Manitoba and Saskatchewan, Canada
D
Dari – دریDimli – Dimli
- Spoken in: Turkish provinces of Adıyaman, Aksaray, Batman, Bingöl, Bitlis, Diyarbakır, Elazığ, Malatya, Muş, and Şanlıurfa
- Spoken in: Northeastern Netherlands
E
East Franconian – FränggischEast Frisian Low Saxon – Oostfräisk, Oostfreesk, Plattdüts
- Spoken in: East Frisia, Germany
- Spoken in: Älvdalen Municipality, Dalarna County, Sweden
F
Farsi – فارسیFuzhou – 平話 or 福州話
- Spoken in: East Asia
G
Gascon – gasconGoral – górolsko gwara, góralsko gwara
- Recognised Minority Language in: Slovakia
- Also spoken in: Lesser Poland Voivodeship and Silesian Voivodeship, Poland
- Spoken by: Greeks
- Formerly spoken by: Greeks
- Katharevousa is still used by Greek Orthodox Church
- Spoken in: Groningen, northeastern Drenthe and the easternmost area of Noardeast-Fryslân municipality in Friesland, the Netherlands
H
Hazāragī – هزارگی- Spoken in: Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan
Hindko – ہندکو
- Spoken in: the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
- Spoken in: the southern area of the Chinese province of Fujian, Taiwan, and in Southeast Asia
K
Kajkavian – kajkavščina, kajkavština, kajkavica- Spoken in: Croatia
- Spoken in: Turkish provinces of Bayburt, Bingöl, Erzincan, Erzurum, Gümüşhane, Muş, Sivas, and Tunceli
Kven – kvääni, kainu
Kwanyama – Oshikwanyama
L
Languedocien – lengadocian- Spoken in: Southern France
Llanito – Llanito
- Spoken in: Gibraltar, United Kingdom
Low Saxon – Nedersaksies
- Spoken in: Denmark, Germany, and the Netherlands
- Spoken in: Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic
M
Masurian – mazurská gádkäMeänkieli – Meänkieli
Monégasque – Munegascu
- Spoken in: Monaco
- Spoken in: Moravia and Czech Silesia, the Czech Republic
- Spoken in: New Zealand
N
Na – Bangni- Spoken in: Upper Subansiri district in Arunachal Pradesh, India
Ningbo – 寧波閒話
- Spoken in: the Chinese sub-provincial division of Ningbo
- Spoken in: Norway
- Spoken in: Norway
- Spoken in: Norway
- Spoken in: Norway
O
Ojibwe (Central) – OjibwemowinOjibwe (Eastern) – Jibwemwin
Ojibwe (Northwestern) – Ojibwemowin
Ojibwe (Western) – Nakawēmowin
- Spoken in: Manitoba and Saskatchewan, Canada
Ossetian (Iron) – Ирон ӕвзаг
Ottawa – Nishnaabemwin, Daawaamwin
- Spoken in: Ontario in Canada, Michigan and Oklahoma in the United States
P
Palatine German – Pälzisch- Spoken in: Palatinate, Germany
- Spoken in: Inner Mongolia, China
- Spoken in: Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland
- Spoken in: the Pakistani state of Azad Kashmir
Provençal – prouvençau
Punjabi (Eastern) – पंजाबी, ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
- Official language in: the Indian Union territory of Delhi ; and the Indian states of Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, and West Bengal
Q
Quanzhou – 泉州話R
Resian – Rozajanski langäč, Rozojanski langäčS
Sapudi – Bhâsa Sapudi- Spoken in: Sapudi Island, Indonesia
- Spoken in: the central regions of Pakistan
Sardinian (Logudorese) – sardu logudoresu, logudoresu
Seroa † – ǃGãǃne, ǁKuǁe
- Formerly spoken in: Lesotho and South Africa
- Spoken in: Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh and Assam, India
- Official language in: the Northwest Territories, Canada
- Official language in: the Northwest Territories, Canada
Slavonic-Serbian † – Славено-сербскiй
- Formerly used as a literary language in: Vojvodina, Serbia
- Spoken in: Ooststellingwerf and Weststellingwerf in the Dutch province of Friesland, the Netherlands
T
Taishanese – 台山话, 臺山話- Spoken in: China and the overseas communities, particularly in United States and Canada
Tavoyan – ထားဝယ်စကား
- Spoken in: Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar
- Spoken by: the Chinese Teochew people
- Spoken in: Serbia, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Kosovo, and Romania
U
Upper Saxon – ObersächsischV
Varhadi – वऱ्हाडी, ???????- Spoken in: Maharashtra, India
W
West Polesian – захыднёполіськая моваWestphalian – Westfäölsk
- Spoken in: Westphalia, Germany
ǂ
ǂAkhoe – ǂAkhoe Haiǁom- Spoken in: Angola, Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa