1710

January–March

• January 1 - In Prussia, Cölln is merged with Alt-Berlin by Frederick I to form Berlin.
• January 4 - Robert Balfour, 5th Lord Balfour of Burleigh, two days before he is due to be executed for murder, escapes from the Edinburgh Tolbooth by exchanging clothes with his sister.
• February 17 - Mauritius, a Dutch colony since 1638, is abandoned by the Dutch.
• February 28 February 27. March 10 - Battle of Helsingborg: Fourteen thousand Danish invaders, under Jørgen Rantzau, are decisively defeated by an equally large Swedish army, under Magnus Stenbock.
• March 1 - The Sacheverell riots start in London with an attack on an elegant Presbyterian meeting-house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, followed by riots through the West End of London.
• March 6 - The ancient Roman Pillar of the Boatmen is found during the construction of a crypt under the nave of Notre-Dame de Paris.

  April–June

• April 5 - Pylyp Orlyk, a Cossack of Ukraine, is elected as the Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host and immediately issues the Pacts and Constitutions of Rights and Freedoms of the Zaporizhian Host.
• April 10 - The world's first copyright legislation, Britain's Statute of Anne, becomes effective.
• April 19 - Anne, Queen of Great Britain, meets the Four Mohawk Kings.
• April 18 - Thomas Hancorne gives the county of Swansea's assize sermon, "The right way to honour and happiness" in which he espouses his High Church beliefs.
• May 6 - The South Sea Company begins.
• May 12 - Battle of Sirhind: An army of 70,000 Sikh rebels, led by Banda Singh Bahadur defeat a force of 25,000 Mughal Empire troops commanded by General Wazir Khan, who is killed in the combat. The battle takes place near Sirhind in what is now the Indian state of Punjab.
• June 8 - The Tuscarora nation sends a petition to the Province of Pennsylvania, protesting the seizure of their lands and enslavement of their people, by citizens of the Province of Carolina.
• June 16 - Köprülüzade Numan Pasha becomes the grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire.
• June 24 - In the Isle of Man, Manx coins become legal tender.
• June - Protestant Swiss and German Palatines, under the leadership of Christoph von Graffenried, travel to Bath County in the Province of Carolina. The settlers displace the native town of Chattoka and found New Bern, named for von Graffenried's hometown of Bern in Switzerland.

  July–September

• July 27 - The Battle of Almenar takes place in the Iberian theatre of the War of the Spanish Succession.
• August 2 - British Royal Navy 90-gun ship HMS Vanguard is relaunched from Chatham; Vanguard sank in Chatham Dockyard in the Great Storm of 1703, but was raised in 1704 for rebuilding.
• August 20 - War of the Spanish Succession - Battle of Saragossa: The Spanish-Bourbon army, commanded by the Marquis de Bay, is soundly defeated by the forces of the Habsburg monarchy, under Guido Starhemberg and their allies.
• August 24 - Total eclipse of the sun is visible at.
• September 7 - In Jonathan Swift's satirical Gulliver's Travels, fictional Gulliver sets off on his fourth and final journey, a voyage to the Land of the Houyhnhnms.
• September 26 - Great Northern War - Capitulation of Livonia: the Swedish garrison in Riga surrenders, ending Swedish rule in modern Latvia.

  October–December

• October - The start of the Mascate War between two rival mercantile groups the Zillioto family and the Astrid family in colonial Brazil.
• October 4 - Great Northern War - the Battle of Køge Bay between Denmark and Norway has an indecisive outcome.
• October 5 – October 13 - British forces under Francis Nicholson conduct the successful Siege of Port Royal against a French Acadian garrison and the Wabanaki Confederacy at the Acadian capital, Port Royal, marking the start of British control of what became Nova Scotia.
• October 10 - Great Northern War - Capitulation of Estonia: the Swedish garrison in Reval surrenders, ending Swedish rule in Estonia.
• October 11 - The Battle of Rahon is fought between Sikhs and Mughal Empire.
• October 13 - Queen Anne's War - Siege of Port Royal: The French surrender, giving the British permanent possession of Nova Scotia.
• November 30 - The first visit to the Pacific islands of Palau is made by a Jesuit expedition led by Francisco Padilla; unfortunately, the ship is driven to Mindanao by a storm, leaving two priests stranded.
• December 8 - War of the Spanish Succession - Battle of Brihuega: An outnumbered British force under James Stanhope is forced to surrender.
• December 10
• * War of the Spanish Succession - Battle of Villaviciosa: The indecisive battle between retreating Austrian-Dutch forces and a Franco-Spanish army is fought out.
• * The Battle of Lohgarh takes place between Sikh forces and the Mughal army.

  Date unknown

• In Sweden, the Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala is founded as the Collegium curiosorum.
• Explorer Juan Arias Diaz becomes the first non-Incan visitor to Choquequirao, an Inca site in Peru.
• John Smithwick begins brewing Smithwick's ale at Kilkenny, Ireland.
• Alexis Littré, in his treatise Diverses observations anatomiques, is the first physician to suggest the possibility of performing a lumbar colostomy for an obstruction of the colon.
• Jacob Christoph Le Blon, working in Amsterdam, invents a three-color printing process with red, blue, and yellow plates, a precursor of the modern CMYK printing process.