June 14

Events

Pre-1600

• 1158 - The city of Munich is founded by Henry the Lion on the banks of the river Isar.
• 1216 - First Barons' War: Prince Louis of France takes the city of Winchester, abandoned by John, King of England, and soon conquers over half of the kingdom.
• 1276 - While in exile in Fuzhou, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Song dynasty court hold the coronation ceremony for Emperor Duanzong.
• 1285 - Second Mongol invasion of Vietnam: Forces led by Prince Trần Quang Khải of the Trần dynasty destroy most of the invading Mongol naval fleet in a battle at Chuong Duong.
• 1287 - Kublai Khan defeats the force of Nayan and other traditionalist Borjigin princes in East Mongolia and Manchuria.
• 1381 - Richard II of England meets leaders of the Peasants' Revolt at Mile End. The Tower of London is stormed by rebels who enter without resistance.
• 1404 - Welsh rebel leader Owain Glyndŵr, having declared himself Prince of Wales, allies himself with the French against King Henry IV of England.

  1601–1900

• 1618 - Joris Veseler prints the first Dutch newspaper Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c. in Amsterdam.
• 1645 - English Civil War: Battle of Naseby: Twelve thousand Royalist forces are beaten by fifteen thousand Parliamentarian soldiers.
• 1658 - Franco-Spanish War: Turenne and the French army win a decisive victory over the Spanish at the battle of the Dunes.
• 1690 - King William III of England lands in Ireland to confront the former King James II.
• 1775 - American Revolutionary War: the Continental Army is established by the Continental Congress, marking the birth of the United States Armed Forces.
• 1777 - The Second Continental Congress passes the Flag Act of 1777 adopting the Stars and Stripes as the Flag of the United States.
• 1789 - Mutiny on the Bounty: mutiny survivors including Captain William Bligh and 18 others reach Timor after a nearly journey in an open boat.
• 1800 - The French Army of First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in Northern Italy and re-conquers Italy.
• 1807 - Emperor Napoleon's French Grande Armée defeats the Russian Army at the Battle of Friedland in Poland ending the War of the Fourth Coalition.
• 1821 - Badi VII, king of Sennar, surrenders his throne and realm to Ismail Pasha, general of the Ottoman Empire, bringing the 300 year old Sudanese kingdom to an end.
• 1822 - Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society.
• 1830 - Beginning of the French colonization of Algeria: Thirty-four thousand French soldiers begin their invasion of Algiers, landing 27 kilometers west at Sidi Fredj.
• 1839 - Henley Royal Regatta: the village of Henley-on-Thames, on the River Thames in Oxfordshire, stages its first regatta.
• 1846 - Bear Flag Revolt begins: Anglo settlers in Sonoma, California, start a rebellion against Mexico and proclaim the California Republic.
• 1863 - American Civil War: Second Battle of Winchester: A Union garrison is defeated by the Army of Northern Virginia in the Shenandoah Valley town of Winchester, Virginia.
• 1863 - Second Assault on the Confederate works at the Siege of Port Hudson during the American Civil War.
• 1872 - Trade unions are legalized in Canada.
• 1888 - The White Rajahs territories become the British protectorate of Sarawak.
• 1900 - Hawaii becomes a United States territory.
• 1900 - The second German Naval Law calls for the Imperial German Navy to be doubled in size, resulting in an Anglo-German naval arms race.

  1901–present

• 1907 - The National Association for Women's Suffrage succeeds in getting Norwegian women the right to vote in parliamentary elections.
• 1919 - John Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown depart from St. John's, Newfoundland on the first nonstop transatlantic flight.
• 1926 - Brazil leaves the League of Nations.
• 1934 - The landmark Australian Eastern Mission returns from its three-month tour of East and South-East Asia.
• 1937 - Pennsylvania becomes the first state of the United States to celebrate Flag Day officially as a state holiday.
• 1937 - U.S. House of Representatives passes the Marihuana Tax Act.
• 1940 - World War II: The German occupation of Paris begins.
• 1940 - The Soviet Union presents an ultimatum to Lithuania, resulting in Lithuanian loss of independence.
• 1940 - Seven hundred and twenty-eight Polish political prisoners from Tarnów become the first inmates of the Auschwitz concentration camp.
• 1941 - June deportation: The first major wave of Soviet mass deportations of Estonians, Latvians, and Lithuanians from the occupied Baltic states begins.
• 1944 - World War II: After several failed attempts, the British Army abandons Operation Perch, its plan to capture the German-occupied town of Caen.
• 1945 - World War II: Filipino troops of the Philippine Commonwealth Army liberate the captured in Ilocos Sur and start the Battle of Bessang Pass in Northern Luzon.
• 1949 - Albert II, a rhesus monkey, rides a V-2 rocket to an altitude of 134 km, thereby becoming the first mammal and first monkey in space.
• 1950 - An Air France Douglas DC-4 crashes near Bahrain International Airport, killing 40 people. This came two days after another Air France DC-4 crashed in the same location.
• 1951 - UNIVAC I is dedicated by the U.S. Census Bureau.
• 1954 - U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill into law that places the words "under God" into the United States Pledge of Allegiance.
• 1955 - Chile becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
• 1959 - Disneyland Monorail System, the first daily operating monorail system in the Western Hemisphere, opens to the public in Anaheim, California.
• 1962 - The European Space Research Organisation is established in Paris – later becoming the European Space Agency.
• 1966 - The Vatican announces the abolition of the Index Librorum Prohibitorum, which was originally instituted in 1557.
• 1967 - Mariner program: Mariner 5 is launched towards Venus.
• 1972 - Japan Air Lines Flight 471 crashes on approach to Palam International Airport in New Delhi, India, killing 82 of the 87 people on board and four more people on the ground.
• 1982 - Falklands War: Argentine forces in the capital Stanley conditionally surrender to British forces.
• 1985 - Five member nations of the European Economic Community sign the Schengen Agreement establishing a free travel zone with no border controls.
• 1986 - The Mindbender derails, killing three riders and severely injuring one at the Fantasyland indoor amusement park at West Edmonton Mall in Edmonton, Alberta.
• 1994 - The 1994 Vancouver Stanley Cup riot occurs after the New York Rangers defeat the Vancouver Canucks to win the Stanley Cup, causing an estimated 1.1 million, leading to 200 arrests and injuries.
• 2002 - Near-Earth asteroid 2002 MN misses the Earth by, about one-third of the distance between the Earth and the Moon.
• 2014 - A Ukraine military Ilyushin Il-76 airlifter is shot down, killing all 49 people on board.
• 2017 - The Grenfell Tower fire, a catastrophic fire in a high-rise apartment building in North Kensington, London, UK, leaves 72 people dead and another 74 injured.
• 2017 - Republican U.S. House Majority Whip Steve Scalise of Louisiana, and three others, are shot and wounded while practicing for the annual Congressional Baseball Game.

  Births

Pre-1600

• 1444 - Nilakantha Somayaji, Indian astronomer and mathematician
• 1479 - Giglio Gregorio Giraldi, Italian poet and scholar
• 1529 - Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria

  1601–1900

• 1627 - Johann Abraham Ihle, German astronomer
• 1691 - Jan Francisci, Slovak organist and composer
• 1726 - Thomas Pennant, Welsh ornithologist and historian
• 1730 - Antonio Sacchini, Italian composer and educator
• 1736 - Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, French physicist and engineer
• 1763 - Simon Mayr, German composer and educator
• 1780 - Henry Salt, English historian and diplomat, British Consul-General in Egypt
• 1796 - Nikolai Brashman, Czech-Russian mathematician and academic
• 1798 - František Palacký, Czech historian and politician
• 1801 - Heber C. Kimball, American religious leader
• 1811 - Harriet Beecher Stowe, American author and activist
• 1819 - Henry Gardner, American merchant and politician, 23rd Governor of Massachusetts
• 1820 - John Bartlett, American author and publisher
• 1829 - Bernard Petitjean, French Roman Catholic missionary to Japan
• 1838 - Yamagata Aritomo, Japanese Field Marshal and politician, 3rd and 9th Prime Minister of Japan
• 1840 - William F. Nast, American businessman
• 1848 - Bernard Bosanquet, English philosopher and theorist
• 1848 - Max Erdmannsdörfer, German conductor and composer
• 1855 - Robert M. La Follette, American lawyer and politician, 20th Governor of Wisconsin
• 1856 - Andrey Markov, Russian mathematician and theorist
• 1862 - John Ulric Nef, Swiss-American chemist and academic
• 1864 - Alois Alzheimer, German psychiatrist and neuropathologist
• 1868 - Karl Landsteiner, Austrian biologist and physician, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1868 - Anna B. Eckstein, German peace activist
• 1870 - Sophia of Prussia
• 1871 - Hermanus Brockmann, Dutch rower
• 1871 - Jacob Ellehammer, Danish mechanic and engineer
• 1872 - János Szlepecz, Slovene priest and author
• 1877 - Jane Bathori, French soprano
• 1877 - Ida MacLean, British biochemist, the first woman admitted to the London Chemical Society
• 1878 - Léon Thiébaut, French fencer
• 1879 - Arthur Duffey, American sprinter and coach
• 1884 - John McCormack, Irish tenor and actor
• 1884 - Georg Zacharias, German swimmer
• 1890 - May Allison, American actress
• 1894 - Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
• 1894 - José Carlos Mariátegui
• 1894 - W. W. E. Ross, Canadian geophysicist and poet
• 1895 - Jack Adams, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and manager
• 1898 - Theobald Wolfe Tone FitzGerald, Irish Army Officer and painter
• 1900 - Ruth Nanda Anshen, American writer, editor, and philosopher
• 1900 - June Walker, American stage and film actress