List of battery electric vehicles
Battery electric vehicles are vehicles exclusively using chemical energy stored in rechargeable battery packs, with no secondary source of propulsion. The following list includes mass-produced vehicles, formerly produced vehicles, and planned vehicles.
Production models
Highway-capable automobiles
Highway-capable battery electric automobiles capable of highway speed:Global market
Production highway-capable battery electric automobiles originating outside the Chinese market, both dedicated battery electric vehicles or non-dedicated battery electric vehicles :Chinese-market
Production highway-capable battery electric automobiles originating within the Chinese market, including vehicles produced by Chinese manufacturers for domestic market and export markets, and vehicles developed by foreign manufacturers that are only offered in the Chinese market:Non-highway capable automobiles
Battery electric automobiles not capable of highway speed:| Model | Calendar year produced | Manufacturer | Marque origin |
| Aixam e-City/e-Coupe | 2017 | Aixam | France |
| Citroën Ami / Opel Rocks Electric / Fiat Topolino | 2020 | Stellantis | France/Germany/Italy |
| Microlino | 2022 | Micro Mobility Systems | Italy/Switzerland |
| Toyota COMS | 2000 | Toyota Auto Body | Japan |
| XEV Yoyo | 2021 | XEV | Italy/Hong Kong |
Former production models
Post-1995
Outside the Chinese market
| Model | Calendar year produced | Calendar year discontinued | Manufacturer | Marque origin | Notes |
| Acura ZDX | 2024 | 2025 | Acura | Japan | |
| Audi R8 e-Tron | 2015 | 2015 | Audi | Germany | Fewer than 100 units were sold at the end of production run. |
| Audi Q8 e-tron | 2018 | 2025 | Audi | Germany | |
| Azure Transit Connect Electric | 2010 | 2012 | Azure Dynamics and Ford | United States | Around 500 units were sold before Azure stopped production in March 2012. |
| Bolloré Bluecar | 2011 | Véhicule Électriques Pininfarina Bolloré | France | Cumulative sales in France totaled 5,689 units by the end of September 2016. | |
| BMW i3 and BMW i3 REx | 2013 | 2022 | BMW | Germany | Global sales exceeded 250,000 throughout lifetime. |
| Chevrolet BrightDrop | 2022 | 2025 | General Motors | United States | |
| Chevrolet S-10 EV | 1997 | 1998 | General Motors | United States | S-10 with GM EV1 powertrain, over 100 produced and only about 60 sold to private owners. |
| Chevrolet Spark EV | 2013 | 2016 | General Motors | United States | The Spark EV was released in selected markets in California and Oregon in June 2013. GM planned to sell the Spark in Canada, South Korea and select European markets. |
| Chevrolet Bolt EUV | 2021 | 2023 | General Motors | United States | |
| Chevrolet Bolt EV | 2016 | 2023 | General Motors | United States | |
| Chrysler TEVan/EPIC | 1993 | 1999 | Chrysler | United States | Sold primarily to electric utilities, only 56 were produced and were sold for approximately $120,000 each. |
| Citroën AX Électrique | 1993 | 1996 | PSA Group | France | 374 produced between December 1993 and 1996. |
| Citroën Berlingo électrique | 1998 | 2005 | PSA Group | France | |
| Citroën Berlingo Electric (2010) | 2010 | 2013 | PSA Group | France | In 2016 worldwide sales were 491, with just 19 sold in the UK. |
| Citroën C1 ev'ie | 2009 | 2011 | PSA Group | France | EV conversion produced by Electric Car Corporation. |
| Citroën C-Zero | 2010 | 2020 | PSA Group | France | Similar to Mitsubishi i-MiEV. |
| Citroën E-Méhari | 2016 | 2019 | PSA Group and Bolloré | France | Approximately 1,000 cars were planned to be produced in collaboration with the French electric car producer Bolloré. |
| Citroën Saxo Électrique | 1997 | 2002 | PSA Group | France | 6,400 produced with Peugeot 106. |
| Coda Sedan | 2012 | 2013 | Coda Automotive | United States | Sales began in California in March 2012. |
| Elcat Electric Vehicles | 1990 | 2002 | ELCAT | Finland | |
| Fiat 500e | 2013 | 2019 | Fiat Chrysler Automobiles | Italy | U.S. sales totaled 27,211 units. |
| Ford Focus Electric | 2011 | 2018 | Ford | United States | U.S. sales totaled 9,226 units. |
| Ford F-150 Lightning | 2022 | 2025 | Ford | United States | |
| Ford Ranger EV | 1998 | 2003 | Ford | United States | Several hundred were produced for lease only, almost all were recovered and most destroyed. |
| Ford Think City | 2000 | 2002 | Ford | United States | |
| Fisker Ocean | 2022 | 2024 | Fisker Inc. | United States | |
| General Motors EV1 | 1996 | 2003 | General Motors | United States | First generation used VRLA batteries, second generation used NiMH batteries. |
| Honda Clarity Electric | 2017 | 2019 | Honda | Japan | |
| Honda EV Plus | 1997 | 1999 | Honda | Japan | About 300 produced. |
| Honda Fit EV | 2012 | 2014 | Honda | Japan | Production was to be limited to only 1,100 units over the first three years. Deliveries to retail customers in the U.S. began in July 2012 and availability is limited to California and Oregon. |
| Honda e | 2020 | 2024 | Honda | Japan | |
| Hyundai Ioniq Electric | 2016 | 2022 | Hyundai | South Korea | |
| Jaguar I-Pace | 2018 | 2024 | Jaguar Land Rover | United Kingdom | |
| Kia Soul EV | 2014 | 2023 | Kia | South Korea | |
| Lordstown Endurance | 2022 | 2023 | Lordstown Motors | United States | |
| Lotus Evija | 2023 | 2024 | Lotus Cars | United Kingdom | |
| Lumeneo Smera | 2013 | 2013 | Lumeneo | France | Highway speed-capable microcar. Sold 10 cars in 2013 before going bankrupt. |
| Luxgen 7 MPV EV+ | 2010 | Yulon Motors | Taiwan | ||
| Luxgen S3 EV+ | 2017 | 2020 | Yulon Motors | Taiwan | |
| Luxgen U5 EV+ | 2019 | 2020 | Yulon Motors | Taiwan | |
| Mahindra e2o | 2013 | 2017 | Mahindra Electric | India | |
| Mahindra e2o Plus | 2016 | 2019 | Mahindra & Mahindra | India | |
| Mahindra eVerito | 2016 | 2019 | Mahindra & Mahindra | India | |
| Mahindra XUV400 | 2022 | 2026 | Mahindra | India | |
| Mercedes-Benz A-Class E-Cell | 2010 | 2010 | Daimler AG | Germany | Developed with Tesla Motors. Limited production of 500 A-Class E-Cell electric cars was built, for trial purposes and lease to customers in Europe. |
| Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive | 2014 | 2019 | Daimler AG | Germany | Production for retail customers began in April 2014. |
| Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Electric Drive | 2013 | 2013 | Daimler AG | Germany | Fewer than 100 units were sold. |
| Mercedes-Benz Vito E-Cell | 2010 | Daimler AG | Germany | ||
| Mercedes-Benz EQC | 2019 | 2023 | Mercedes-Benz Group | Germany | |
| Mia | 2011 | 2013 | Mia Electric | France | |
| Mitsubishi i-MiEV | 2009 | 2021 | Mitsubishi Motors | Japan | Was available in Asia, Europe and the Americas. It was the first electric car to sell more than 10,000 units, including Citroën C-Zero and Peugeot iOn. According to Guinness World Records, the record was reached in February 2011. Global sales totaled about 37,600 units through June 2016. |
| Mobilize Limo | 2022 | 2023 | Mobilize/Renault | France | |
| Mobilize Duo | 2024 | 2025 | Mobilize/Renault | France | |
| Modec | 2007 | 2011 | Modec | United Kingdom | Electric delivery vans. |
| Mini Electric/Cooper SE | 2019 | 2023 | Mini/BMW | United Kingdom | |
| Navistar eStar | 2010 | 2013 | Navistar | United States | |
| NEVS 9-3 EV | 2017 | 2022 | NEVS AB | Sweden | |
| Nissan Altra EV | 1998 | 2002 | Nissan | Japan | Only about 200 vehicles were ever produced mainly for fleet. |
| Nissan Hypermini | 1999 | 2001 | Nissan | Japan | 219 produced. |
| Opel Ampera-e | 2017 | 2020 | PSA Group | Germany | |
| Peugeot 106 Électrique | 1996 | 2003 | PSA Group | France | Similar to Citroën Saxo |
| Peugeot iOn | 2010 | 2020 | PSA Group | France | Similar to Mitsubishi i-MiEV. |
| Peugeot Partner Électrique | 1998 | 2005 | PSA Group | France | |
| Renault Fluence Z.E./Renault Samsung SM3 Z.E. | 2011 | 2020 | Renault | France | Global sales totaled 10,600 units through December 2019, mostly composed of SM3 Z.E. units. |
| Renault Twingo Z.E. | 2020 | 2024 | Renault | France | |
| Renault Twizy | 2012 | 2023 | Renault | France | |
| Renault Zoe | 2012 | 2024 | Renault | France | |
| REVA/REVAi/G-Wiz i | 2001 | 2019 | Reva Electric Car Company | India | Since 2001 more than 4,000 cars were sold worldwide by March 2011 and was available in 26 countries. Sales in the UK, where it was sold as the G-Wiz and became its main market, ended by late 2011. |
| SEAT e-Mii | 2020 | 2021 | SEAT | Spain | |
| Škoda/Tatra Beta | 1994 | 1997 | Škoda ELCAR Ejpovice | Czech Republic | About 100 produced, using nickel-cadmium batteries |
| Škoda Citigo iV | 2019 | 2020 | Škoda Auto | Czech Republic | Similar to Volkswagen e-Up. |
| Smart ED | 2007 | 2017 | Daimler AG | Germany | Available for lease in the United States since early 2011. Originally converted by Zytek from 100 Smart Fortwos. |
| smart EQ forfour | 2017 | 2021 | Daimler AG | Germany | |
| Smart EQ fortwo | 2017 | 2024 | Daimler AG | Germany | |
| Tesla Roadster (first generation) | 2008 | 2012 | Tesla Motors | United States | |
| The Kurrent | 2006 | 2007 | American Electric Motor Vehicle Company | United States | Neighborhood electric vehicle. |
| Think City | 2008 | 2011 | Think Global | Norway | Successor of the Ford Th!nk. |
| Toyota eQ/Scion iQ EV | 2011 | 2013 | Toyota | Japan | Deployed in limited quantities for research purposes. |
| Toyota RAV4 EV (1997) | 1997 | 2003 | Toyota | Japan | Leased and sold on US east and west coast. 1,484 were leased and/or sold in California. |
| Toyota RAV4 EV (2012) | 2012 | 2014 | Toyota | Japan | Leased and sold only in California, from 2012 through 2015. 2,489 units were sold in the U.S. through April 2015. |
| Toyota C+pod | 2021 | 2024 | Toyota | Japan | |
| Tobe M’Car EV | 2009 | 2013 | Yulon Motors | Taiwan | |
| Tobe W’Car EV | 2010 | 2013 | Yulon Motors | Taiwan | |
| Tazzari Zero | 2009 | 2022 | Tazzari | Italy | |
| ThunderPower EV/TP | 2019 | Thunder Power | Taiwan | ||
| ThunderPower Chloe | 2020 | Thunder Power | Taiwan | ||
| Volkswagen e-Golf | 2014 | 2020 | Volkswagen | Germany | |
| Volkswagen e-Up! | 2013 | 2023 | Volkswagen | Germany | NSF |
| Volvo C30 Electric | 2010 | 2012 | Volvo Cars | Sweden | |
| Venturi Fétish | 2004 | 2007 | Venturi | Monaco | Only 25 units have been produced. |
| Wheego Whip LiFe | 2011 | 2013 | Shuanghuan Auto and Wheego Technologies | China-United States | Sales began in the U.S. in April 2011. A total of 34 units had been sold by March 2012, and 400 had been produced when production ended in 2013. |
| ZENN | 2006 | 2010 | ZENN Motor Company | Canada | Based on the Microcar MC2 |
Chinese-market origin
Vehicles planned for production
Outside the Chinese market
| Model | Calendar year |
| Acura RSX | 2027 |
| Afeela 1 | 2026 |
| Aptera | 2026 |
| Alpha Wolf | 2026 |
| Aston Martin Lagonda All-Terrain | 2026 |
| Bentley EV | 2026 |
| BMW i3 (NA0) | 2026 |
| BMW iX3 (NA5) | 2026 |
| BMW iX4 | 2026 |
| City Transformer CT-1 | 2025 |
| City Transformer urban CT-2 | 2025 |
| Comsove BUTIQ | 2025 |
| Comsove ATIQ | 2025 |
| DeLorean Alpha5 | 2025 |
| EdisonFuture EF1-T | 2025 |
| Ferrari EV | 2026 |
| Ford Ranchero | 2026 |
| Hyundai Ioniq 3 | 2026 |
| Kia EV2 | 2026 |
| Maserati Quattroporte EV | 2028 |
| Mercedes-Benz C-Class with EQ Technology | 2026 |
| Mercedes-Benz GLB with EQ technology | 2026 |
| Mercedes-Benz GLC with EQ technology | 2026 |
| Polestar 5 | 2026 |
| Polestar 7 | 2028 |
| Porsche 718 EV | 2026 |
| Porsche Cayenne EV | 2026 |
| Rivian R2 | 2026 |
| Rivian R3 | TBA |
| Renault Twingo E-Tech | 2026 |
| Škoda Epiq | 2026 |
| Škoda Peaq | 2026 |
| Slate Truck | 2026 |
| Subaru Trailseeker/E-Outback | 2026 |
| Tesla Cybercab | 2026 |
| Tesla Roadster (second generation) | 2026 |
| Toyota bZ4X Touring/bZ Woodland | 2026 |
| Toyota Hilux BEV/Travo-e | 2026 |
| Volkswagen ID. Polo | 2026 |
| Volkswagen ID. Cross | 2026 |
| Volvo EX60 | 2026 |
Motorcycles and scooters
- Ather Energy
- KTM Freeride
- Sur-Ron
- Niu Technologies
- Ola Electric
- Zero Motorcycles
- Gogoro
- LiveWire
- Energica Motor Company
- Yadea
- Segway
Buses
- Alexander Dennis Enviro 200
- BYD C9
- BYD K9
- Foxtron Model T
- Higer Steed EV
- Optare Metrocity EV
- Optare Metrodecker EV
- Optare Versa EV
- Oreos 2X
- Oreos 4X
- eBuzz K7
- VinBus
Trucks
- Tesla Semi, all-electric class 8 truck.
- FR8, showcases 1-tonne electric delivery truck
Three-wheelers
Passenger vehicles
ArcimotoFUVAptera MotorsAptera (solar electric vehicle)
Champion polyplastSAARTHI SHAVAK E AUTO
Mahindra Electric Mobility LimitedTreo
Omega Seiki MobilitySTREAM
Piaggio Vehicles Private Limited
- ''Ape' E-City''
Cargo vehicles
Altigreen Propulsion Labs Pvt LtdNEEVNEEV HDNEEV LRKeto Motors Private LimitedBULKeBULKe plus 2.0
Kinetic Green Energy & Power Solutions LtdKINETIC SAFAR STAR – 400KINETIC SAFAR JUMBO – PICKUP
Lohia Auto IndustriesHumsafar iB
Mahindra Electric Mobility LimitedTreo ZorTreo Zor FBTreo Zor DV
Omega Seiki MobilityRAGE+
- ''SUN-RI''
Rickshaws
Kinetic Green Energy & Power Solutions LtdKINETIC SAFAR SMARTKinetic SAFAR SMART LFPMahindra Electric Mobility LimitedTreo Yaari HRTTreo Yaari SFT
Omega Seiki Mobility
- ''RIDE''