June 30
Events
Pre-1600
- 296 - Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy.
- 763 - The Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus.
- 1398 - Zhu Yunwen ascended the throne to the Ming dynasty to become the Jianwen Emperor.
- 1422 - Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Milan and the Swiss cantons.
- 1521 - Spanish forces defeat a combined French and Navarrese army at the Battle of Noáin during the Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre.
- 1559 - King Henry II of France is mortally wounded in a jousting match against Gabriel, comte de Montgomery.
- 1598 - The Spanish-held Castillo San Felipe del Morro in San Juan, Puerto Rico having been besieged for fifteen days, surrenders to an English force under Sir George Clifford, Earl of Cumberland.
1601–1900
- 1632 - The University of Tartu is founded.
- 1651 - The Deluge: Khmelnytsky Uprising: The Battle of Berestechko ends with a Polish victory.
- 1688 - The Immortal Seven issue the Invitation to William, which would culminate in the Glorious Revolution.
- 1703 - The Battle of Ekeren between a Dutch force and a French force.
- 1758 - Seven Years' War: Habsburg Austrian forces destroy a Prussian reinforcement and supply convoy in the Battle of Domstadtl, helping to expel Prussian King Frederick the Great from Moravia.
- 1794 - Northwest Indian War: Native American forces under Blue Jacket attack Fort Recovery.
- 1805 - Under An act to divide the Indiana Territory into two separate governments, adopted by the U.S. Congress on January 11, 1805, the Michigan Territory is organized.
- 1859 - French acrobat Charles Blondin crosses Niagara Falls on a tightrope.
- 1860 - The 1860 Oxford evolution debate at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History takes place.
- 1864 - U.S. President Abraham Lincoln grants Yosemite Valley to California for "public use, resort and recreation".
- 1882 - Charles J. Guiteau is hanged in Washington, D.C. for the assassination of U.S. President James Garfield.
- 1886 - The first transcontinental train trip across Canada departs from Montreal, Quebec. It arrives in Port Moody, British Columbia on July 4.
- 1892 - The Homestead Strike begins near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
- 1900 - A savage fire wrecked three steamships docked at a pier in Hoboken, New Jersey. Over 200 crew members and passengers are killed, and hundreds injured.
1901–present
- 1905 - Albert Einstein sends the article On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies, in which he introduces special relativity, for publication in Annalen der Physik.
- 1906 - The United States Congress passes the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act.
- 1908 - The Tunguska Event, the largest impact event on Earth in human recorded history, resulting in a massive explosion over Eastern Siberia.
- 1912 - The Regina Cyclone, Canada's deadliest tornado event, kills 28 people in Regina, Saskatchewan.
- 1916 - World War I: In "the day Sussex died", elements of the Royal Sussex Regiment take heavy casualties in the Battle of the Boar's Head at Richebourg-l'Avoué in France.
- 1921 - U.S. President Warren G. Harding appoints former President William Howard Taft as Chief Justice of the United States.
- 1922 - In Washington D.C., U.S. Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes and Dominican Ambassador Francisco J. Peynado sign the Hughes–Peynado agreement, which ends the United States occupation of the Dominican Republic.
- 1934 - The Night of the Long Knives, Adolf Hitler's violent purge of his political rivals in Germany, takes place.
- 1936 - Emperor Haile Selassie of Abyssinia appeals for aid to the League of Nations against Italy's invasion of his country.
- 1937 - The world's first emergency telephone number, 999, is introduced in London.
- 1944 - World War II: The Battle of Cherbourg ends with the fall of the strategically valuable port to American forces.
- 1953 - The first Chevrolet Corvette rolls off the assembly line in Flint, Michigan.
- 1956 - A TWA Super Constellation and a United Airlines DC-7 collide above the Grand Canyon in Arizona and crash, killing all 128 on board both airliners.
- 1959 - A United States Air Force F-100 Super Sabre from Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, crashes into a nearby elementary school, killing 11 students plus six residents from the local neighborhood.
- 1960 - Belgian Congo gains independence as Republic of the Congo.
- 1963 - Ciaculli bombing: a car bomb, intended for Mafia boss Salvatore Greco, kills seven police officers and military personnel near Palermo.
- 1966 - The National Organization for Women, the United States' largest feminist organization, is founded.
- 1968 - Pope Paul VI issues the Credo of the People of God.
- 1971 - The crew of the Soviet Soyuz 11 spacecraft are killed when their air supply escapes through a faulty valve.
- 1972 - The first leap second is added to the UTC time system.
- 1973 - Concorde 001 intercepts the path of a total solar eclipse and follows the moon's shadow, experiencing the longest total eclipse observation.
- 1974 - The Baltimore municipal strike of 1974 begins.
- 1977 - The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization disbands.
- 1985 - Thirty-nine American hostages from the hijacked TWA Flight 847 are freed in Beirut after being held for 17 days.
- 1986 - The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Bowers v. Hardwick that states can outlaw homosexual acts between consenting adults.
- 1989 - A coup d'état in Sudan deposes the democratically elected government of Prime Minister Sadiq al-Mahdi and President Ahmed al-Mirghani.
- 1990 - East and West Germany merge their economies.
- 1993 - Malta is officially subdivided into 68 local councils by the Local Councils Act.
- 1994 - During a test flight of an Airbus A330-300 at Toulouse–Blagnac Airport, the aircraft crashes killing all seven people on board.
- 2007 - A Jeep Cherokee filled with propane canisters drives into the entrance of Glasgow Airport, Scotland in a failed terrorist attack. This was linked to the 2007 London car bombs that had taken place the day before.
- 2009 - Yemenia Flight 626, an Airbus A310-300, crashes into the Indian Ocean near Comoros, killing 152 of the 153 people on board. A 14-year-old girl named Bahia Bakari survives the crash.
- 2013 - Nineteen firefighters die controlling a wildfire near Yarnell, Arizona.
- 2013 - Protests begin around Egypt against President Mohamed Morsi and the ruling Freedom and Justice Party, leading to their overthrow during the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état.
- 2015 - A Hercules C-130 military aircraft with 113 people on board crashes in a residential area in Medan, Indonesia, resulting in at least 116 deaths.
- 2019 - Donald Trump becomes the first sitting US President to visit the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
- 2020 - The Hong Kong National Security Law is passed by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and immediately comes into effect after gazettal.
- 2021 - The Tiger Fire ignites near Black Canyon City, Arizona, and goes on to burn of land before being fully contained on July 30.
- 2023 - A Tajik citizen with ISIS connections, wanted in Tajikistan for murder and kidnapping, kills two people at Chișinău International Airport in Moldova, after being denied entry to the country.
Births
Pre-1600
- 1286 - John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey, English magnate
- 1468 - John, Elector of Saxony
- 1470 - Charles VIII of France
- 1478 - John, Prince of Asturias, Son of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile
- 1503 - John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony
- 1533 - Martín de Rada, Spanish missionary
- 1588 - Giovanni Maria Sabino, Italian organist, composer, and educator
1601–1900
- 1641 - Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, German-English general
- 1685 - John Gay, English poet and playwright
- 1688 - Abu l-Hasan Ali I, ruler of Tunisia
- 1722 - Jiří Antonín Benda, Czech composer, violinist and Kapellmeister
- 1755 - Paul Barras, French soldier and politician
- 1789 - Horace Vernet, French painter and academic
- 1791 - Félix Savart, French physicist and psychologist
- 1803 - Thomas Lovell Beddoes, English poet, playwright, and physician
- 1807 - Friedrich Theodor Vischer, German author, poet, and playwright
- 1817 - Joseph Dalton Hooker, English botanist and explorer
- 1843 - Ernest Mason Satow, English orientalist and diplomat
- 1864 - Frederick Bligh Bond, English architect and archaeologist
- 1884 - Georges Duhamel, French author and critic
- 1889 - Archibald Frazer-Nash, English motor car designer, engineer and founder of Frazer Nash
- 1890 - Paul Boffa, Maltese physician and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Malta
- 1891 - Man Mountain Dean, American wrestler and sergeant
- 1891 - Ed Lewis, American wrestler and manager
- 1891 - Stanley Spencer, English painter
- 1892 - Pierre Blanchar, Algerian-French actor and director
- 1893 - Nellah Massey Bailey, American politician and librarian
- 1893 - Walter Ulbricht, German soldier and politician, chief decision maker and head of state of the GDR
- 1895 - Heinz Warneke, German-American sculptor and educator
- 1899 - Madge Bellamy, American actress
1901–present
- 1904 - Marianne Angermann, German–Spanish–New Zealand biochemist
- 1905 - John Van Ryn, American tennis player
- 1906 - Anthony Mann, American actor and director
- 1907 - Roman Shukhevych, Ukrainian general and politician
- 1908 - Winston Graham, English author
- 1908 - Luigi Rovere, Italian film producer
- 1908 - Rob Nieuwenhuys, Dutch writer
- 1909 - Juan Bosch, 43rd President of the Dominican Republic
- 1911 - Czesław Miłosz, Polish novelist, essayist, and poet, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1911 - Nagarjun, Indian poet
- 1912 - Ludwig Bölkow, German engineer
- 1912 - Dan Reeves, American businessman and philanthropist
- 1912 - María Luisa Dehesa Gómez Farías, Mexican architect
- 1913 - Alfonso López Michelsen, Colombian lawyer and politician, 24th President of Colombia
- 1913 - Harry Wismer, American sportscaster
- 1914 - Francisco da Costa Gomes, Portuguese general and politician, 15th President of Portugal
- 1914 - Allan Houser, American sculptor and painter
- 1917 - Susan Hayward, American actress
- 1917 - Lena Horne, American actress, singer, and activist
- 1917 - Willa Kim, American costume designer
- 1919 - Ed Yost, American inventor of the modern hot air balloon
- 1920 - Eleanor Ross Taylor, American poet and educator
- 1921 - Washington SyCip, American-Filipino accountant
- 1924 - Max Trepp, Swiss sprinter
- 1925 - Fred Schaus, American basketball player and coach
- 1925 - Ebrahim Amini, Iranian politician
- 1926 - Paul Berg, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1927 - Shirley Fry Irvin, American tennis player
- 1927 - James Goldman, American screenwriter and playwright
- 1927 - Mario Lanfranchi, Italian director, screenwriter, producer, collector and actor
- 1927 - Frank McCabe, American basketball player
- 1928 - Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli, Islamic philosopher, theologian, mathematician and mystic
- 1928 - Nathaniel Tarn, American poet, essayist, anthropologist, and translator
- 1929 - Yang Ti-liang, Chinese judge
- 1930 - Ben Atchley, American politician
- 1930 - Ahmed Zaki Yamani, Saudi Arabian politician
- 1930 - Ignatius Peter VIII Abdalahad, Syrian bishop
- 1931 - Yo-Yo Davalillo, Venezuelan baseball player and manager
- 1931 - Andrew Hill, American pianist and composer
- 1931 - Ronald Rene Lagueux, American judge
- 1931 - Kaye Vaughan, American football player
- 1933 - Tomislav Ivić, Croatian football coach and manager
- 1933 - Joan Murrell Owens, American educator and marine biologist
- 1933 - M. J. K. Smith, English cricketer and rugby player
- 1933 - Orval Tessier, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1933 - Cookie, Australian Major Mitchell's cockatoo, oldest recorded parrot
- 1934 - Harry Blackstone Jr., American magician and author
- 1935 - John Harlin, American pilot and mountaineer
- 1936 - Assia Djebar, Algerian-French author and translator
- 1936 - Nancy Dussault, American actress and singer
- 1936 - Tony Musante, American actor and screenwriter
- 1936 - Dave Van Ronk, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1937 - Larry Henley, American singer-songwriter
- 1938 - Billy Mills, American distance runner
- 1938 - Jeri Taylor, American screenwriter
- 1939 - Tony Hatch, English pianist, composer, and producer
- 1939 - Barry Hines, English author and screenwriter
- 1939 - José Emilio Pacheco, Mexican poet and author
- 1940 - Mark Spoelstra, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1941 - Peter Pollock, South African cricketer and author
- 1942 - Robert Ballard, American lieutenant and oceanographer
- 1942 - Ron Harris, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1943 - Florence Ballard, American pop/soul singer
- 1943 - Saeed Akhtar Mirza, Indian director and screenwriter
- 1944 - Terry Funk, American wrestler
- 1944 - Raymond Moody, American parapsychologist and author
- 1944 - Glenn Shorrock, English-Australian singer-songwriter
- 1944 - Ron Swoboda, American baseball player and sportscaster
- 1949 - Uwe Kliemann, German footballer, coach, and manager
- 1949 - Andy Scott, Welsh singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
- 1949 - Bùi Thanh Liêm, Vietnamese cosmonaut
- 1951 - Stanley Clarke, American bass player and composer
- 1952 - Athanassios S. Fokas, Greek mathematician and academic
- 1952 - David Garrison, American actor and singer
- 1953 - Hal Lindes, American-English guitarist and film score composer
- 1954 - Stephen Barlow, English organist, composer, and conductor
- 1954 - Pierre Charles, Dominican educator and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Dominica
- 1954 - Serzh Sargsyan, Armenian politician, 3rd President of Armenia
- 1954 - Wayne Swan, Australian academic and politician, 14th Deputy Prime Minister of Australia
- 1955 - Brian Vollmer, Canadian singer
- 1955 - Egils Levits, Latvian judge, jurist, 10th President of Latvia
- 1956 - Volker Beck, German hurdler and coach
- 1956 - David Lidington, English historian, academic, and politician, Minister of State for Europe
- 1956 - David Alan Grier, American actor, singer, and comedian
- 1957 - Bud Black, American baseball player and manager
- 1957 - Sterling Marlin, American race car driver
- 1958 - Pam Royle, British television presenter, journalist and voice coach
- 1958 - Esa-Pekka Salonen, Finnish conductor and composer
- 1959 - Vincent D'Onofrio, American actor
- 1959 - Daniel Goldhagen, American political scientist, author, and academic
- 1959 - Brendan Perry, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
- 1959 - Sakis Tsiolis, Greek footballer and manager
- 1959 - Sandip Verma, Baroness Verma, Indian-English businesswoman and politician
- 1960 - Jack McConnell, Scottish educator and politician, 3rd First Minister of Scotland
- 1960 - Murray Cook, Australian musician, actor, songwriter and producer
- 1961 - Lynne Jolitz, American computer scientist and programmer
- 1961 - Clive Nolan, English musician, composer and producer
- 1962 - Tony Fernández, Dominican baseball player
- 1962 - Julianne Regan, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1963 - Olha Bryzhina, Ukrainian sprinter
- 1963 - Rupert Graves, English actor, director, and screenwriter
- 1963 - Yngwie Malmsteen, Swedish guitarist and songwriter
- 1964 - Alexandra, Countess of Frederiksborg
- 1964 - Mark Waters, American director and producer
- 1965 - Steve Duchesne, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach
- 1965 - Cho Jae-hyun, South Korean actor
- 1965 - Anna Levandi, Russian figure skater and coach
- 1965 - Gary Pallister, English footballer and sportscaster
- 1965 - Mitch Richmond, American basketball player
- 1966 - Mike Tyson, American boxer and actor
- 1967 - Patrik Bodén, Swedish javelin thrower
- 1967 - David Busst, English footballer and manager
- 1967 - Victoria Kaspi, American-Canadian astrophysicist and academic
- 1968 - Phil Anselmo, American singer-songwriter and producer
- 1969 - Sanath Jayasuriya, Sri Lankan cricketer and politician
- 1969 - Uta Rohländer, German sprinter
- 1969 - Sébastien Rose, Canadian director and screenwriter
- 1970 - Brian Bloom, American actor and screenwriter
- 1970 - Antonio Chimenti, Italian footballer and manager
- 1970 - Mark Grudzielanek, American baseball player and manager
- 1971 - Monica Potter, American actress
- 1972 - Sandra Cam, Belgian swimmer
- 1972 - Molly Parker, Canadian actress
- 1973 - Chan Ho Park, South Korean baseball player
- 1973 - Frank Rost, German footballer and manager
- 1974 - Katrin Auer, Austrian politician
- 1974 - Hezekiél Sepeng, South African runner
- 1975 - James Bannatyne, New Zealand footballer
- 1975 - Ralf Schumacher, German race car driver
- 1978 - Ben Cousins, Australian footballer
- 1978 - Patrick Ivuti, Kenyan runner
- 1978 - Claudio Rivalta, Italian footballer
- 1979 - Sylvain Chavanel, French cyclist
- 1980 - Rade Prica, Swedish footballer
- 1980 - Seyi Olofinjana, Nigerian footballer
- 1980 - Ryan ten Doeschate, Dutch cricketer
- 1981 - Can Artam, Turkish race car driver
- 1981 - Matt Kirk, Canadian football player
- 1981 - Desi Lydic, American comedian and actress
- 1981 - Barbora Špotáková, Czech javelin thrower
- 1981 - Ben Utecht, American football player
- 1982 - Lizzy Caplan, American actress
- 1982 - Ignacio Carrasco, Mexican footballer
- 1983 - Marcus Burghardt, German cyclist
- 1983 - Katherine Ryan, UK-based Canadian comedian and presenter
- 1983 - Cheryl, English singer and TV personality
- 1984 - Fantasia Barrino, American singer-songwriter and actress
- 1984 - Dax Harwood, American wrestler
- 1984 - Tunku Ismail Idris, Crown Prince of Johor, Malaysia
- 1985 - Trevor Ariza, American basketball player
- 1985 - Michael Phelps, American swimmer
- 1985 - Cody Rhodes, American wrestler
- 1985 - Fabiana Vallejos, Argentinian footballer
- 1986 - Alicia Fox, American wrestler, model, and actress
- 1986 - Fredy Guarín, Colombian footballer
- 1986 - Nicola Pozzi, Italian footballer
- 1986 - Allegra Versace, Italian-American businesswoman
- 1987 - Ryan Cook, American baseball player
- 1987 - Andrew Hedgman, New Zealand runner
- 1988 - Jacksfilms, American YouTuber
- 1988 - Joe Mazzulla, American basketball coach
- 1989 - Asbel Kiprop, Kenyan runner
- 1989 - Steffen Liebig, German rugby player
- 1989 - David Myers, Australian footballer
- 1993 - Trea Turner, American baseball player
- 1995 - bbno$, Canadian singer-songwriter
- 1997 - A. J. Brown, American football player
- 1997 - Reuben Garrick, Australian rugby league player
- 1998 - Tom Davies, English footballer