Subregion
A subregion is a part of a larger geographical region or continent. Cardinal directions are commonly used to define subregions. There are many criteria for creating systems of subregions; this article is focusing on the United Nations geoscheme, which is a changing, constantly updated, UN tool based on specific political geography and demography considerations relevant in UN statistics.
United Nations subregions
The Statistics Division of the United Nations is in charge of the collection, processing, and dissemination of statistical information for the UN. In 1999, it developed a system of macro-geographical regions, subregions, and other selected economic groups to report advances towards achieving numerous Millennium Development Goals worldwide. These statistical divisions were devised for statistical purposes and is used for carrying out statistical analysis. The division's first publication was the book World's Women 2000: Trends and Statistics in 2000.According to the UN, the assignment of countries or areas to specific groupings is for statistical convenience and does not imply any assumption regarding political or other affiliation of countries or territories.
Subregions by landmass and continent
The following is a non-exhaustive list of subregions, arranged alphabetically by region ; in the UN geoscheme, higher-level, macro-geographical regions are arranged to the extent possible according to continents.Sequence used in the list :
- by the UN Statistics Division's geoscheme
- by geography
- by physiography
- by geopolitics
- by human geography
- by economics
- by culture
- by language
- by religion
- by biogeography
- by historical division
- by geology
[Afro-Eurasia]
[Africa]
- by the United Nations Statistics Division's geoscheme :
- * Northern Africa
- * Sub-Saharan Africa
- ** Eastern Africa
- ** Middle Africa
- ** Southern Africa
- ** Western Africa
- by geography:
- * North Africa
- ** Maghreb
- ** Northeast Africa
- * Sub-Saharan Africa
- ** Central Africa
- ** East Africa
- *** Northeast Africa
- **** Horn of Africa
- *** Southeast Africa
- ** Southern Africa
- ** West Africa
- *** Guinea
- *** Sudan
- by physiography:
- * Congo Basin
- * Kalahari Basin
- ** Kalahari Desert
- * Namib
- * Nile Basin
- * Sahara
- * Sahel
- * Sudanian savanna
- ** East Sudanian savanna
- *** Sudd
- ** West Sudanian savanna
- by economics:
- * African Monetary Union
- * Arab League
- * Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
- * Common Monetary Area
- * Community of Sahel–Saharan States
- * Council of Arab Economic Unity – including some West Asian countries
- * Economic Community of Central African States
- * Economic Community of West African States
- * EMEA
- * Southern African Customs Union
- * Southern African Development Community
- * Union for the Mediterranean
- by biogeography:
- * Macaronesia
- by historical division:
- * Negroland
- by geology:
- * Kaapvaal craton
- * Zimbabwe Craton
[Eurasia]
[Asia]
- by the United Nations Statistics Division's geoscheme :
- * Central Asia
- * Eastern Asia
- * Southeast Asia
- * Southern Asia – the UN geoscheme includes Afghanistan and Iran in this subregion
- * Western Asia – the UN geoscheme includes Cyprus, the South Caucasus, and Turkey in this subregion
- by geography:
- * Central Asia
- * East Asia
- ** Greater China
- *** China
- **** Hong Kong
- **** Macau
- **** Mainland China
- ***** North China
- ***** Northeast China – also a part of Northeast Asia
- ***** Southeast China
- ****** East China
- ****** South Central China
- ******* Central China
- ******* South China
- ***** Western China
- ****** Northwest China
- ****** Southwest China
- *** South China Sea Islands
- **** Paracel Islands
- **** Pratas Island
- **** Spratly Islands
- ***** James Shoal
- ***** Taiping Island
- ***** Zhongzhou Reef
- **** Zhongsha Islands
- ***** Macclesfield Bank
- ****** Walker Shoal
- ***** Scarborough Shoal
- *** Taiwan
- ** Mongolia
- ** Northeast Asia
- *** China
- **** Eastern Inner Mongolia
- **** Northeast China
- *** Japan
- **** Daitō Islands
- **** Mainland Japan
- ***** Hokkaido
- ***** Honshu
- ***** Kyushu
- ***** Shikoku
- **** Nanpō Islands
- **** Ryukyu Islands
- *** Korea
- **** North Korea
- **** South Korea
- *** Russian Far East
- **** Outer Manchuria
- * North Asia
- ** Russian Far East
- *** Outer Manchuria
- * South Asia
- ** Eastern South Asia
- ** Northern South Asia
- ** Northwestern South Asia
- *** Northwestern Indian subcontinent
- ** Southern South Asia
- ** India
- *** Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- *** Lakshadweep
- *** Mainland India
- **** Central India
- **** East India
- **** Northeast India
- **** North India
- ***** Northwest India
- **** South India
- **** Western India
- * Southeast Asia
- ** Mainland Southeast Asia
- *** Malay Peninsula
- **** Peninsular Malaysia
- **** Southern Thailand
- **** Tanintharyi Region
- ** Maritime Southeast Asia
- *** Borneo
- **** Brunei
- **** East Malaysia
- ***** Labuan
- ***** Sabah
- ***** Sarawak
- **** Kalimantan
- * West Asia
- ** Anatolia
- ** Arabia
- *** Eastern Arabia
- *** Hejaz
- *** Najd
- *** South Arabia
- ** Levant
- *** Southern Levant
- ** Mesopotamia
- ** South Caucasus
- by physiography:
- * Anatolian Peninsula
- * Arabian Peninsula
- ** Central Plateau
- ** Indian Ocean Coast
- ** Persian Gulf Coast
- ** Red Sea Coast
- * Bahrain Island
- * Caucasus Mountains
- ** Greater Caucasus
- ** Lesser Caucasus
- * Daitō Islands
- * Eurasian Steppe
- * Fertile Crescent
- ** Mesopotamia
- * Hainan Island
- * Himalayas
- ** Eastern Himalaya
- ** Western Himalaya
- *** Siachen Glacier
- * Indian subcontinent
- ** Deccan Plateau
- * Indochinese Peninsula
- * Indo-Gangetic Plain
- * Indus Valley
- * Iranian Plateau
- * Japanese Archipelago
- ** Hokkaido
- ** Honshu
- ** Kuril Islands
- ** Kyushu
- ** Ryukyu Islands
- *** Okinawa Island
- ** Sakhalin Island
- ** Shikoku
- * Jeju Island
- * Junggar Basin
- * Kolyma
- * Korean Peninsula
- * Leizhou Peninsula
- * Liaodong Peninsula
- * Malay Archipelago
- ** Indonesian Archipelago
- *** Maluku Islands
- *** Sunda Islands
- **** Greater Sunda Islands
- ***** Borneo
- ***** Java
- ***** Sulawesi
- ***** Sumatra
- **** Lesser Sunda Islands
- ***** Alor Archipelago
- ***** Bali
- ***** Barat Daya Islands
- ***** Flores
- ***** Komodo
- ***** Lombok
- ***** Sumba
- ***** Sumbawa
- ***** Tanimbar Islands
- ***** Timor
- ** Philippine Archipelago
- *** Luzon
- *** Mindanao
- *** Visayan Islands
- * Mongolian Plateau
- * Nanpō Islands
- ** Bonin Islands
- ** Volcano Islands
- * Qinghai Lake
- * Shandong Peninsula
- * Sichuan Basin
- * Sri Lanka Island
- * Taiwan Island
- * Tarim Basin
- by geopolitics:
- * Asia-Pacific – including Oceania
- ** Far East/Pacific Asia
- *** Greater China
- **** China proper
- **** Inner Mongolia
- **** Manchuria
- **** Tibet
- **** Xinjiang
- *** Indochinese Peninsula
- *** Japanese Archipelago
- *** Korean Peninsula
- *** Malay Archipelago
- *** Russian Far East
- * Greater Middle East – including some African countries
- ** Middle East and North Africa – including North African countries
- *** Middle East – including Egypt
- **** Arab League – including some African countries
- ***** Mashriq – including Egypt and the Sudan
- ****** Arabian Peninsula
- ****** Levant – including Ash-Shām and Cyprus
- ****** Mesopotamia
- **** Asia Minor
- **** South Caucasus
- ** The 'stans
- * Indian subcontinent
- ** Himalayan states – including China
- *** Eastern Himalaya
- *** Western Himalaya
- ** Kashmir
- by economics:
- * Arab League – including some African countries
- * ASEAN Free Trade Area
- * Asia Cooperation Dialogue – including Russia
- * Asian Clearing Union
- * Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation – including Oceania
- * Association of Southeast Asian Nations
- * Bamboo network
- * Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal Initiative
- * Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation
- * Council of Arab Economic Unity – including some African countries
- * EMEA
- * Eurasian Customs Union – including Belarus
- * Eurasian Economic Union – including Belarus
- * Greater Mekong Subregion
- * Gulf Cooperation Council
- * South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
- * South Asian Free Trade Area
- * South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation
- * Union for the Mediterranean
- by culture:
- * Eastern world
- ** East Asian cultural sphere
- *** Greater China
- **** Eastern and western China
- ***** Northern and southern China
- ****** China proper
- ****** Manchuria
- *** Japan
- *** Korea
- *** Nanyang
- *** Vietnam
- *** Greater India
- **** Eastern Afghanistan
- **** Indian subcontinent
- ***** Himalayan states
- ****** Indian Himalayan Region
- **** Mainland Southeast Asia
- **** Maritime Southeast Asia
- **** Tibet
- **** Yunnan
- ** Greater Mongolia
- *** Inner Mongolia
- *** Mongolia
- * Muslim world
- ** Arab world
- *** Mashriq
- **** Arabia
- ***** Al-Bahrain
- ***** Al-Yamama
- ***** Hadhramaut
- ***** Tihamah
- ** Malay world
- *** Greater Indonesia
- **** Nusantara
- ** Turkic world
- *** Azerbaijan
- *** Soviet Central Asia
- *** Turkey
- *** Xinjiang
- **** Dzungaria
- **** Southern Xinjiang
- **Greater Iran
- ***Greater Khorasan
- by religion:
- * Abrahamic religions
- * Eastern religions
- ** Dharmic religions
- ** Taoic religions
- by biogeography:
- * Eastern Asia
- * Malesia
- by historical division:
- * East Indies
- ** Farther India
- *** Indochina
- *** Insulindia
- by geology:
- * Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc
- * Kuril Island Arc
- * Northeastern Japan Arc
- * Ryukyu Island Arc
- * Sakhalin Island Arc
- * Southwestern Japan Arc