November 22
Events
Pre-1600
- 498 - After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Palace, while Laurentius is elected Pope in Santa Maria Maggiore.
- 845 - The first duke of Brittany, Nominoe, defeats the Frankish king Charles the Bald at the Battle of Ballon near Redon.
- 1210 - The Castle of Termes falls to Simon de Montfort after a four-month siege during the Albigensian Crusade.
- 1220 - Frederick II is crowned Holy Roman Emperor in Rome by Pope Honorius III.
- 1307 - Pope Clement V issues the papal bull Pastoralis Praeeminentiae which instructed all Christian monarchs in Europe to arrest all Templars and seize their assets.
- 1574 - Spanish navigator Juan Fernández discovers islands now known as the Juan Fernández Islands off Chile.
1601–1900
- 1635 - Dutch colonial forces on Taiwan launch a pacification campaign against native villages, resulting in Dutch control of the middle and south of the island.
- 1718 - Royal Navy Lieutenant Robert Maynard attacks and boards the vessels of the British pirate Edward Teach off the coast of North Carolina. The casualties on both sides include Maynard's first officer Mister Hyde and Teach himself.
- 1837 - Canadian journalist and politician William Lyon Mackenzie calls for a rebellion against the United Kingdom in his essay "To the People of Upper Canada", published in his newspaper The Constitution.
- 1855 - In Birmingham, England, Albert, Prince Consort lays the foundation stone of the Birmingham and Midland Institute.
- 1869 - In Dumbarton, Scotland, the clipper Cutty Sark is launched.
- 1873 - The French steamer SS Ville du Havre sinks in 12 minutes after colliding with the Scottish iron clipper Loch Earn in the Atlantic, with a loss of 226 lives.
1901–present
- 1908 - The Congress of Manastir establishes the Albanian alphabet.
- 1921 - During The Troubles in Northern Ireland, 22 Irish Nationalists are killed in Belfast in one day.
- 1935 - The China Clipper inaugurates the first commercial transpacific air service, connecting Alameda, California with Manila.
- 1940 - World War II: Following the initial Italian invasion, Greek troops counterattack into Italian-occupied Albania and capture Korytsa.
- 1942 - World War II: Battle of Stalingrad: General Friedrich Paulus sends Adolf Hitler a telegram saying that the German 6th Army is surrounded.
- 1943 - World War II: Cairo Conference: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Chinese Premier Chiang Kai-shek meet in Cairo, Egypt, to discuss ways to defeat Japan.
- 1943 - Lebanon gains independence from France, nearly two years after it was first announced by the Free French government.
- 1952 - A Douglas C-124 Globemaster II crashes into Mount Gannet, Alaska, killing all 52 aboard.
- 1955 - The Soviet Union launches RDS-37, a 1.6 megaton two stage hydrogen bomb designed by Andrei Sakharov. The bomb was dropped over Semipalatinsk.
- 1963 - U.S. President John F. Kennedy is assassinated and Texas Governor John Connally is seriously wounded by Lee Harvey Oswald, who also kills Dallas Police officer J. D. Tippit after fleeing the scene. Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson is sworn in as the 36th President of the United States afterwards.
- 1963 - Five Indian generals are killed in a helicopter crash, due to collision with two parallel lines of telegraph cables.
- 1967 - UN Security Council Resolution 242 is adopted, establishing a set of the principles aimed at guiding negotiations for an Arab–Israeli peace settlement.
- 1968 - Japan Air Lines Flight 2 accidentally ditches in San Francisco Bay while on approach to San Francisco International Airport. No one is injured.
- 1971 - In Britain's worst mountaineering tragedy, the Cairngorm Plateau Disaster, five children and one of their leaders are found dead from exposure in the Scottish mountains.
- 1975 - Juan Carlos is declared King of Spain following the death of Francisco Franco two days earlier.
- 1987 - The Max Headroom signal hijacking incident takes place, in which a pirate broadcast interrupts television broadcasts in Chicago.
- 1989 - NASA launches Space Shuttle Discovery on STS-33, a classified mission for the United States Department of Defense.
- 1990 - British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher withdraws from the Conservative Party leadership election, confirming the end of her Premiership.
- 1994 - A Trans World Airlines McDonnell Douglas MD-80 and Cessna 441 Conquest II aircraft collide on the runway at St. Louis Lambert International Airport in Bridgeton, Missouri, killing two people and injuring eight.
- 2003 - Baghdad DHL attempted shootdown incident: Shortly after takeoff, a DHL Express cargo plane is struck on the left wing by a surface-to-air missile and forced to land.
- 2004 - The Orange Revolution begins in Ukraine, resulting from the presidential elections.
- 2010 - During the Cambodian water festival, a stampede in Koh Pich, Phnom Penh, kills 347 people.
- 2014 - While playing with a toy gun in Cleveland, 12-year-old African American Tamir Rice is killed by a white police officer.
- 2022 - A shooting at a Walmart in Chesapeake, Virginia leaves seven workers dead, including the shooter, and four others injured.
Births
Pre-1600
- 1428 - Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, English nobleman, known as "the Kingmaker"
- 1515 - Mary of Guise, Queen of Scots
- 1519 - Johannes Crato von Krafftheim, German humanist and physician
- 1533 - Alfonso II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Italian noble
- 1564 - Henry Brooke, 11th Baron Cobham, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Kent
1601–1900
- 1602 - Elisabeth of France
- 1635 - Francis Willughby, English ornithologist and ichthyologist
- 1643 - René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, French explorer
- 1690 - François Colin de Blamont, French composer
- 1698 - Pierre de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnial, Canadian-American politician, Governor of Louisiana
- 1710 - Wilhelm Friedemann Bach, German composer
- 1728 - Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden
- 1744 - Abigail Adams, American wife of John Adams, 2nd First Lady of the United States
- 1780 - Conradin Kreutzer, German composer
- 1780 - José Cecilio del Valle, Honduran journalist, lawyer, and politician, Foreign Minister of Mexico
- 1787 - Rasmus Rask, Danish linguist, philologist, and scholar
- 1808 - Thomas Cook, English businessman, founded Thomas Cook Group
- 1819 - George Eliot, English novelist and poet
- 1820 - Katherine Plunket, Irish supercentenarian
- 1849 - Christian Rohlfs, German painter and printmaker
- 1852 - Paul-Henri-Benjamin d'Estournelles de Constant, French politician and diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1857 - George Gissing, English novelist
- 1859 - Cecil Sharp, English folk song scholar
- 1861 - Ranavalona III of Madagascar
- 1861 - Cyrus Edwin Dallin, American sculptor
- 1868 - John Nance Garner, American politician, 32nd Vice President of the United States
- 1869 - André Gide, French novelist, essayist, and dramatist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1870 - Howard Brockway, American composer
- 1870 - Harry Graham, Australian cricketer
- 1873 - Leo Amery, Indian-English journalist and politician, Secretary of State for the Colonies
- 1873 - Johnny Tyldesley, English cricketer
- 1876 - Emil Beyer, American gymnast and triathlete
- 1877 - Endre Ady, Hungarian journalist and poet
- 1877 - Joan Gamper, Swiss-Spanish footballer, founded FC Barcelona
- 1881 - Enver Pasha, Ottoman general and politician
- 1884 - C. J. "Jack" De Garis, Australian entrepreneur
- 1890 - Charles de Gaulle, French general and politician, President of France
- 1890 - Harry Pollitt, British politician and trade unionist, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Great Britain
- 1891 - Edward Bernays, American publicist
- 1893 - Harley Earl, American industrial designer
- 1893 - Lazar Kaganovich, Soviet politician
- 1898 - Wiley Post, American pilot
- 1899 - Hoagy Carmichael, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor
1901–present
- 1901 - Béla Juhos, Hungarian-Austrian philosopher from the Vienna Circle
- 1901 - Joaquín Rodrigo, Spanish pianist and composer
- 1902 - Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque, French general
- 1902 - Emanuel Feuermann, Austrian-American cellist
- 1904 - Miguel Covarrubias, Mexican painter and illustrator
- 1904 - Louis Néel, French physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1904 - Fumio Niwa, Japanese author
- 1906 - Jørgen Juve, Norwegian football player and journalist
- 1910 - Mary Jackson, American actress
- 1911 - Ralph Guldahl, American golfer
- 1912 - Doris Duke, American heiress and philanthropist
- 1913 - Benjamin Britten, English pianist, composer, and conductor
- 1913 - Gardnar Mulloy, American tennis player
- 1914 - Peter Townsend, British captain and pilot
- 1915 - Oswald Morris, British cinematographer
- 1917 - Jon Cleary, Australian author and playwright
- 1917 - Andrew Huxley, English physiologist and biophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1917 - Mick Shann, Australian diplomat
- 1918 - Claiborne Pell, American politician
- 1919 - Máire Drumm, Irish politician
- 1920 - Anne Crawford, British actress
- 1920 - Baidyanath Misra, Indian economist
- 1921 - Brian Cleeve, Irish writer and broadcaster
- 1921 - Rodney Dangerfield, American comedian, actor, rapper, and screenwriter
- 1922 - Eugene Stoner, American engineer and weapons designer, designed the AR-15 rifle
- 1923 - Dennis Wrong, Canadian-born American sociologist
- 1923 - Arthur Hiller, Canadian-American director
- 1923 - Dika Newlin, American composer and singer
- 1924 - Les Johnson, Australian politician
- 1924 - Geraldine Page, American actress and singer
- 1925 - Jerrie Mock, American pilot
- 1925 - Gunther Schuller, American horn player, composer, and conductor
- 1926 - Lew Burdette, American baseball player and coach
- 1927 - Steven Muller, American academic administrator
- 1928 - Tim Beaumont, English priest and politician
- 1928 - Mel Hutchins, American basketball player
- 1929 - Staughton Lynd, American lawyer, historian, author, and activist
- 1930 - Peter Hall, English director
- 1930 - Peter Hurford, English organist and composer
- 1932 - Robert Vaughn, American actor and director
- 1933 - Merv Lincoln, Australian Olympic athlete
- 1934 - Rita Sakellariou, Greek singer
- 1935 - Ludmila Belousova, Soviet ice skater
- 1936 - John Bird, English actor, writer and satirist
- 1937 - Zenon Jankowski, Polish pilot and military officer
- 1937 - Nikolai Kapustin, Soviet pianist and composer
- 1938 - John Eleuthère du Pont, American convicted murderer
- 1939 - Tom West, American technologist
- 1939 - Mulayam Singh Yadav, Indian politician, Indian Minister of Defence
- 1940 - Terry Gilliam, American-English actor, director, animator, and screenwriter
- 1940 - Roy Thomas, American author
- 1940 - Andrzej Żuławski, Polish director and screenwriter
- 1941 - Tom Conti, Scottish actor and director
- 1941 - Jacques Laperrière, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1941 - Terry Stafford, American singer-songwriter
- 1941 - Jesse Colin Young, American singer-songwriter and bass player
- 1942 - Guion Bluford, American astronaut
- 1942 - Floyd Sneed, Canadian drummer
- 1943 - Yvan Cournoyer, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1943 - Billie Jean King, American tennis player
- 1943 - Mushtaq Mohammad, Pakistani cricketer
- 1945 - Buzz Potamkin, American director and producer, founded Buzzco Associates
- 1945 - Kari Tapio, Finnish singer
- 1946 – Gary Hilton, American serial killer
- 1947 - Sandy Alderson, American baseball executive
- 1947 - Rod Price, English guitarist and songwriter
- 1947 - Nevio Scala, Italian footballer and manager
- 1947 - Salt Walther, American race car driver
- 1947 - Valerie Wilson Wesley, American journalist and author
- 1948 - Radomir Antić, Serbian footballer and manager
- 1948 - Saroj Khan, Indian dance choreographer, known as "The Mother of Dance/Choreography in India"
- 1948 - Mick Rock, English photographer
- 1949 - Richard Carmona, American physician and politician, Surgeon General of the United States
- 1950 - Lyman Bostock, American baseball player
- 1950 - Jim Jefferies, Scottish footballer and manager
- 1950 - Steven Van Zandt, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor
- 1950 - Tina Weymouth, American singer-songwriter and bass player
- 1951 - Kent Nagano, American conductor
- 1953 - Wayne Larkins, English cricketer
- 1954 - Denise Epoté, Cameroonian journalist at the head of the Africa management of TV5 Monde
- 1954 - Paolo Gentiloni, Italian politician, Prime Minister of Italy
- 1954 - Carol Tomcala, Australian sports shooter
- 1955 - George Alagiah, British journalist
- 1955 - James Edwards, American basketball player
- 1956 - Lawrence Gowan, Scottish-Canadian singer-songwriter and keyboard player
- 1956 - Richard Kind, American actor
- 1957 - Donny Deutsch, American businessman and television host
- 1957 - Alan Stern, American engineer and planetary scientist
- 1958 - Jamie Lee Curtis, American actress
- 1958 - Lee Guetterman, American baseball player
- 1958 - Ibrahim Ismail of Johor, Sultan of Johor and the 17th and current Yang Di Pertuan Agong or the King of Malaysia
- 1958 - Jason Ringenberg, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1959 - Frank McAvennie, Scottish footballer
- 1959 - Fabio Parra, Colombian cyclist
- 1960 - Leos Carax, French actor, director, and screenwriter
- 1961 - Mariel Hemingway, American actress
- 1961 - Stephen Hough, English-Australian pianist and composer
- 1962 - Sumi Jo, South Korean soprano
- 1962 - Victor Pelevin, Russian author
- 1963 - Hugh Millen, American football player
- 1963 - Tony Mowbray, English footballer and manager
- 1963 - Kennedy Polamalu, Samoan-American football player and coach
- 1963 - Brian Robbins, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1964 - Apetor, Norwegian YouTuber
- 1964 - Benoit Benjamin, American basketball player
- 1964 - Stephen Geoffreys, American actor
- 1964 - Robbie Slater, English-Australian footballer and sportscaster
- 1965 - Valeriya Gansvind, Estonian chess player
- 1965 - Olga Kisseleva, Russian artist
- 1965 - Mads Mikkelsen, Danish actor
- 1966 - Mark Pritchard, English politician
- 1966 - Nicholas Rowe, British actor
- 1966 - Michael K. Williams, American actor
- 1967 - Boris Becker, German tennis player
- 1967 - Tom Elliott, Australian investment banker
- 1967 - Mark Ruffalo, American actor
- 1967 - Bart Veldkamp, Dutch-Belgian speed skater and coach
- 1968 - Daedra Charles, American basketball player and coach
- 1968 - Sidse Babett Knudsen, Danish actress
- 1969 - Byron Houston, American basketball player
- 1969 - Marjane Satrapi, Iranian author and illustrator
- 1970 - Marvan Atapattu, Sri Lankan cricketer
- 1970 - Chris Fryar, American drummer
- 1970 - Stel Pavlou, English author and screenwriter
- 1971 - Cath Bishop, English rower
- 1971 - Kyran Bracken, Irish-English rugby player
- 1972 - Olivier Brouzet, French rugby player
- 1972 - Russell Hoult, English footballer
- 1972 - Jay Payton, American baseball player
- 1973 - Sharin Foo, Danish musician and singer
- 1973 - Andrew Walker, Australian rugby player
- 1974 - Joe Nathan, American baseball player
- 1974 - David Pelletier, Canadian figure skater and coach
- 1976 - Adrian Bakalli, Belgian footballer
- 1976 - Torsten Frings, German footballer and coach
- 1976 - Regina Halmich, German boxer
- 1976 - Ville Valo, Finnish singer-songwriter
- 1977 - Kerem Gönlüm, Turkish basketball player
- 1978 - Colin Best, Australian rugby league player
- 1979 - Christian Terlizzi, Italian footballer
- 1980 - David Artell, English footballer and coach
- 1980 - Shawn Fanning, American computer programmer and businessman, founded Napster
- 1980 - Yaroslav Rybakov, Russian high jumper
- 1981 - Pape Sow, Senegalese basketball player
- 1982 - Xavier Doherty, Australian cricketer
- 1982 - Derrick Johnson, American football player
- 1982 - Yakubu, Nigerian footballer
- 1983 - Tyler Hilton, American actor and singer-songwriter
- 1983 - Peter Ramage, English footballer
- 1984 - Scarlett Johansson, American actress
- 1985 - Asamoah Gyan, Ghanaian footballer
- 1985 - Dieumerci Mbokani, Congolese footballer
- 1985 - Mandy Minella, Luxembourgian tennis player
- 1985 - Adam Ottavino, American baseball player
- 1985 - James Roby, English rugby league player
- 1986 - Oscar Pistorius, South African sprinter and convicted murderer
- 1987 - Martti Aljand, Estonian swimmer
- 1987 - Elias, American wrestler
- 1987 - Marouane Fellaini, Belgian footballer
- 1988 - Jamie Campbell Bower, English actor, singer, and model
- 1988 - Drew Pomeranz, American baseball player
- 1988 - Austin Romine, American baseball player
- 1989 - Alden Ehrenreich, American actor
- 1989 - Candice Glover, American singer
- 1989 - Chris Smalling, English footballer
- 1989 - Gabriel Torje, Romanian footballer
- 1990 - Brock Osweiler, American football player
- 1990 - Jang Dong-woo, South Korean singer and actor
- 1991 - Tarik Black, American basketball player
- 1992 - Natalie Achonwa, Canadian basketball player
- 1992 - Carles Gil, Spanish footballer
- 1992 - Vladislav Namestnikov, Russian ice hockey player
- 1994 - Samantha Bricio, Mexican volleyball player
- 1994 - Dacre Montgomery, Australian actor
- 1994 - Nicolás Stefanelli, Argentine footballer
- 1994 - Keiji Tanaka, Japanese figure skater
- 1995 - Katherine McNamara, American actress
- 1996 - Hailey Bieber, American model
- 1996 - Mackenzie Lintz, American actress
- 1996 - JuJu Smith-Schuster, American football player
- 1996 - Woozi, South Korean singer, songwriter, record producer, member of boy band Seventeen
- 1999 - Trey McBride, American football player
- 1999 - Dwight McNeil, English footballer
- 2000 - Aulii Cravalho, American actress and singer
- 2001 - Chenle, Chinese singer
- 2002 - Brandon Miller, American basketball player
- 2002 - Owen Power, Canadian ice hockey player