Academy Award for Best Visual Effects


The Academy Award for Best Visual Effects is presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for the best achievement in visual effects. It has been handed to four members of the team directly responsible for creating the film's visual effects since 1980.

History

The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences first recognized the technical contributions of special effects to movies at its inaugural dinner in 1929, presenting a plaque for "Best Engineering Effects" to the first Best Picture Oscar winner, the World War I flying drama Wings.
Producer David O. Selznick, then production head at RKO Studios, petitioned the Academy Board of Governors to recognize the work of animator Willis O'Brien for his groundbreaking work on 1933's King Kong. However, the Academy did not have a category to acknowledge its visual achievements at the time.
It was not until 1938 when a film was actually recognized for its effects work, when a "Special Achievement Award for Special Effects" was given to the Paramount film Spawn of the North. The following year, "Best Special Effects" became a recognized category, although on occasion the Academy has chosen to honor a single film outright rather than nominate two or more films. From 1939 to 1963, it was an award for a film's visual effects as well as audio effects, so it was often given to two persons, although some years only one or the other type of effect was recognized. For the 22nd Academy Awards, RKO was nominated for the work done on Mighty Joe Young, and when they won, it was Willis H. O'Brien who went on stage to accept the statue. In 1964, it was given only for visual effects, and the following year the name of the category was changed to "Best Special Visual Effects".
Honorees for this award have been bestowed several times as a Special Achievement Academy Award. In 1977, the category was given its current name "Best Visual Effects." For decades, shortlisted finalists were selected by a steering committee. They are presently chosen by the visual effects branch executive committee. 1990 was the last year there were no official nominees. Back to the Future Part III, Dick Tracy, Ghost and Total Recall advanced to a second stage of voting, but only Total Recall received a requisite average and it was given a special achievement Oscar.
There have been three wholly animated films nominated in this category: The Nightmare Before Christmas in 1993, Kubo and the Two Strings in 2016, and The Lion King in 2019. There have been three semi-animated films nominated, which also won: Mary Poppins in 1964, Bedknobs and Broomsticks in 1971, and Who Framed Roger Rabbit in 1988. In 2024, Godzilla Minus One became the first non-English-language film ever to win in the category.

Rules

In 1979, there were five films nominated. For most of the next three decades, there were three nominees a year, although at some times there were two and at others, a single film was given the award outright.
In 2007, it was decided that a list of no more than 15 eligible films would be chosen, from which a maximum of seven would be shortlisted for further consideration. A vote would then proceed, with a maximum of three nominees. Since 2010, there are ten shortlisted finalists which, using a form of range voting, produce five nominees. No more than four people may be nominated for a single film.
According to the official Academy Award , the criteria are:
' consideration of the contribution the visual effects make to the overall production and

' the artistry, skill and fidelity with which the visual illusions are achieved.

Filmmakers

A number of filmmakers have had their movies honored for their achievements in visual effects; i.e., six by director James Cameron, five films produced by George Pal, five by director/producer George Lucas, four by directors Richard Fleischer, Steven Spielberg and Peter Jackson, three by directors Robert Zemeckis, Christopher Nolan, and Denis Villeneuve, and two by directors Clarence Brown, Cecil B. DeMille, Mark Robson, Ridley Scott, Robert Stevenson.
Only two directors have won in the same category: Four time Best Director nominee Stanley Kubrick's only Oscar win for 1968's 2001: A Space Odyssey, and Japanese filmmaker Takashi Yamazaki's first Oscar win for 2023's Godzilla Minus One. The credits for 2001 list four effects contributors, including Douglas Trumbull. However, according to the rules of the Academy in effect at the time, only three persons could be nominated for their work on a single film, which would have resulted in the omission of either Trumbull, Tom Howard, Con Pederson or Wally Veevers. Ultimately, it was Kubrick's name that was submitted as a nominee in this category, resulting in his winning the award, which many consider a slight to the four men whose work contributed to the film's success.

Engineering Effects Award

The table below display the Oscar nominees for Best Engineering Effects.

1920s

Special Effects Awards

The tables below display the Oscar nominees for Best Special Effects including the recipients of the Special Achievement Awards.

1930s

1940s

1950s

1960s

Visual Effects Awards

The tables below display the Oscar nominees for Best Visual Effects including the recipients of the Special Achievement Awards.

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

2000s

2010s

2020s

Shortlisted finalists

Finalists for Best Visual Effects are selected by the Visual Effects Branch Executive Committee. Beginning with a long list of up to 20 titles, the committee then advances ten films to the shortlist. Prior to the 83rd Academy Awards, only fifteen films were long-listed, and only seven films were shortlisted. The full membership of the Visual Effects Branch is invited to view excerpts and is provided with supporting information at a "bake-off" where balloting determines the five nominees. These are the additional films that presented at the bake-off.
YearFinalistsRef
1984Dune, Gremlins, The Last Starfighter, Star Trek III: The Search for Spock
1993Addams Family Values, Alive, Hocus Pocus, Super Mario Bros.
1994The Hudsucker Proxy, Interview with the Vampire, The Lion King, Speed
1995Batman Forever, Casper, Jumanji, The [Indian in the Cupboard |The Indian in the Cupboard], Waterworld
1996Mars Attacks!, Mission: Impossible, The Nutty Professor, Star Trek: First Contact
1997Batman & Robin, Contact, The Fifth Element, Men in Black
1998Babe: Pig in the City, Godzilla, Small Soldiers, The Truman Show
1999The Mummy, Sleepy Hollow, Wild Wild West, The World Is Not Enough
2000Cast Away, Dinosaur, How the Grinch Stole Christmas, X-Men
2001Black Hawk Down, Cats & Dogs, The [Fast and the Furious |The Fast and the Furious], Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, Jurassic Park III
2002Harry Potter and [the Chamber of Secrets |Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets], Minority Report, Men in Black II, xXx
2003Hulk, Peter Pan, Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines, [X2 |X2: X-Men United]
2004The Aviator, The Day After Tomorrow, Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events, Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow
2005Batman Begins, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith
2006Casino Royale, Eragon, Night at the Museum, X-Men: The Last Stand
2007First Round: Beowulf, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Live Free or Die Hard, National Treasure: Book of Secrets, Ratatouille, Spider-Man 3, Sunshine, The Water Horse: Legend of the Deep
Second Round: The Bourne Ultimatum, Evan Almighty, I Am Legend, 300
2008Australia, Hellboy II: The Golden Army, Journey to the [Center of the Earth |Journey to the Center of the Earth], The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor
2009Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, Terminator Salvation, Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen, 2012
2010First Round: The Chronicles of Narnia: The Voyage of the Dawn Treader, Clash of the Titans, The Last Airbender, Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief, Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time, Shutter Island, The Sorcerer's Apprentice, Unstoppable
Second Round: Scott Pilgrim vs. the World, Tron: Legacy
2011First Round: Cowboys & Aliens, Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows, Sucker Punch, Super 8, Thor
Second Round: Captain America: The First Avenger, Ghost Protocol">Ghost (1990 film)">Ghost Protocol, Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides, Life |The Tree of Life], X-Men: First Class
2012Spider-Man |The Amazing Spider-Man], Cloud Atlas, The Dark Knight Rises, John Carter, Skyfall
2013Elysium, Oblivion, Pacific Rim, Thor: The Dark World, World War Z
2014Godzilla, The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies, Maleficent, Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb, Transformers: Age of Extinction
2015First Round: Bridge of Spies, Chappie, Everest, Furious 7, The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2, In the Heart of the Sea, Jupiter Ascending, Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation, Spectre, Terminator Genisys
Second Round: Ant-Man, Avengers: Age of Ultron, Jurassic World, Tomorrowland, The Walk
2016First Round: Alice Through the Looking Glass, Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, Deadpool, Independence Day: Resurgence, Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children, Star Trek Beyond, Suicide Squad, Sully, Warcraft, X-Men: Apocalypse
Second Round: Arrival, The BFG, Captain America: Civil War, Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, Passengers
2017First Round: Beauty and the Beast, Ghost in the Shell, Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle, Justice League, Life, Logan, Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales, Spider-Man: Homecoming, Thor: Ragnarok, Wonder Woman
Second Round: Alien: Covenant, Dunkirk, Okja, The Shape of Water, Valerian and the City of a Thousand Planets
2018First Round: Aquaman, Bumblebee, Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald, Incredibles 2, Isle of Dogs, Mission: Impossible – Fallout, Mortal Engines, The Nutcracker and the Four Realms, Paddington 2, A Quiet Place
Second Round: Ant-Man and the Wasp, Black Panther, Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom, Mary Poppins Returns, Welcome to Marwen
2019First Round: Ad Astra, The Aeronauts, Aladdin, Dumbo, Hobbs & Shaw, Ford v Ferrari, Jumanji: The Next Level, Men in Black: International, Midway, Spider-Man: Far From Home
Second Round: Alita: Battle Angel, Captain Marvel, Cats, Gemini Man, Terminator: Dark Fate
2020Birds of Prey, Bloodshot, Mank, Soul, Welcome to Chechnya
2021Black Widow, Eternals, Ghostbusters: Afterlife, Godzilla vs. Kong, The Matrix Resurrections
2022Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness, Fantastic Beasts: The Secrets of Dumbledore, Jurassic World Dominion, Nope, Thirteen Lives
2023First Round: Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania, Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom, Barbie, The Boys in the Boat, Dungeons & Dragons: Honor Among Thieves, Killers of the Flower Moon, The Marvels, Nyad, Transformers: Rise of the Beasts, Wonka
Second Round: Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny, Poor Things, Rebel Moon – Part One: A Child of Fire, Society of the Snow, Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse
2024First Round: Beetlejuice Beetlejuice, The Fall Guy, Furiosa: A Mad Max Saga, Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire, Ghostbusters: Frozen Empire, Here, A Quiet Place: Day One, Spaceman, The Substance
Second Round: Civil War, Deadpool & Wolverine, Gladiator II, Mufasa: The Lion King, Twisters
2025First Round: Captain America: Brave New World, The Fantastic Four: First Steps, How to Train Your Dragon, Lilo & Stitch, Mickey 17, A Minecraft Movie, Mission: Impossible – The Final Reckoning, Predator: Badlands, The Running Man, Thunderbolts*
Second Round: The Electric State, Frankenstein, Superman, Tron: Ares, Wicked: For Good

Artists with multiple awards

;8 awards
;5 awards
;4 awards
;3 awards
;2 awards
;15 nominations
;13 nominations
;12 nominations
;11 nominations
;10 nominations
;8 nominations
;7 nominations
;6 nominations
;5 nominations
;4 nominations
;3 nominations
;2 nominations

Multiple awards

;3 Wins
; 2 Wins
;14 Nominations
;10 Nominations
;5 Nominations
;4 Nominations
;3 Nominations
;2 Nominations
For this Academy Award category, the following superlatives emerge:
  • Most awards: Dennis Muren 8 awards
  • Most nominations: Dennis Muren 15 nominations
  • Most nominations without a win: Dan Sudick – 13 nominations
Age superlatives:
RecordRecipientFilmAgeNote
Oldest winnerL.B. AbbottLogan's Run68 years, 288 daysSpecial Achievement Award
Oldest nomineeJohn FrazierThe Lone Ranger69 years, 115 days
Youngest winnerTatsuji NojimaGodzilla Minus One25 years, 149 days
Youngest nomineeTatsuji NojimaGodzilla Minus One25 years, 102 days