List of regencies and cities in Indonesia
Regencies and cities are the second-level administrative subdivision in Indonesia, immediately below the provinces, and above the districts. Regencies are roughly equivalent to American counties, although most cities in the United States are below the counties. Following the implementation of decentralization beginning on 1 January 2001, regencies and city municipalities became the key administrative units responsible for providing most governmental services. Each of regencies and cities has their own local government and legislative body.
The difference between a regency and a city lies in demography, size, and economy. Generally, a regency comprises a rural area larger than a city, but also often includes various towns. A city usually has non-agricultural economic activities. A regency is headed by a regent, while a city is headed by a mayor. All regents, mayors, and members of legislatures are directly elected via elections to serve for a five-year term which can be renewed once. Each regency or city is divided further into districts more commonly known as kecamatan.
An administrative city or an administrative regency is a subdivision of province without its own local legislatures. The leader of administrative city or administrative regency is directly appointed by the governor. This type of city and regency in Indonesia is only found in Jakarta which consisted of five administrative cities and one administrative regency.
, there were 514-second-level administrative divisions in Indonesia. The list below groups regencies and cities in Indonesia by provinces. Each regency has an administrative centre, the regency seat.
List of regencies and cities by province
Sumatra
Lampung
Superlatives
Superlatives of cities can be found at Indonesian Wikipedia articles Daftar kota di Indonesia menurut jumlah penduduk and Daftar kota di Indonesia menurut luas wilayah. Although the least populated regency in Indonesia according to various sources is said to be Tana Tidung Regency in North Kalimantan, Supiori Regency in Papua is included here instead because it has a smaller population of about 23 thousand people compared to 28 thousand people of Tana Tidung Regency.| Regencies | Province | Cities | Province | ||
| Largest by area | Merauke Regency | South Papua | Palangka Raya | Central Kalimantan | |
| Smallest by area | Administrative Regency of Thousand Islands | Jakarta | Sibolga | North Sumatra | |
| Largest by population | Bogor Regency | West Java | East Jakarta | Jakarta | |
| Smallest by population | Supiori Regency | Papua | Sabang | Aceh |
Subdivision splits
Following the Regional Autonomy Act of 1999, many regencies were split to create additional regencies and cities, the number of such divisions was thus increased to 514 by 2014. However, these territorial splits can sometimes lead into corruption cases. As at early 2024, all further proposals for territorial splits are still under a moratorium.The latest new regencies split from existing regencies were South Buton Regency, Central Buton Regency and West Muna Regency in July 2014, while the latest cities were South Tangerang and Gunungsitoli in October 2008. There are no cities which have been split into other subdivisions, although the administrative regency of Thousand Islands was split from North Jakarta administrative city in 2001. Despite the name of South Tangerang being similar to that of Tangerang city, South Tangerang was actually split from Tangerang Regency.
In two special cases, all subdivisions of North Maluku and Riau Islands were made from parts of the defunct North Maluku Regency and Riau Islands Regency, respectively. All subdivisions of North Kalimantan are also made from lands of Bulungan Regency, but its area was split to several regencies before the province was established. Central Java and the Special Region of Yogyakarta are the only province-level areas which have not had any subdivision splits. Listed below are the subdivision splits from 1999 to the most recent ones in 2014; for pre-1999 splits see also main article in Indonesian Wikipedia.
2014
Southeast Sulawesi
- South Buton Regency from Buton Regency
- Central Buton Regency from Buton Regency
- West Muna Regency from Muna Regency
2013
South Sumatra
Central Sulawesi
Southeast Sulawesi
2012
South Sumatra
East Nusa Tenggara
East Kalimantan
Central Sulawesi
West Sulawesi
Southeast Sulawesi
North Maluku
Lampung
West Java
West Papua
2008
North Sumatra
- Gunungsitoli city from Nias Regency
- North Nias Regency from Nias Regency
- West Nias Regency from Nias Regency
- North Labuhan Batu Regency from Labuhan Batu Regency
- South Labuhan Batu Regency from Labuhan Batu Regency
Jambi
Riau
Bengkulu
Lampung
- Mesuji Regency from Tulang Bawang Regency
- West Tulang Bawang Regency from Tulang Bawang Regency
- Pringsewu Regency from Tanggamus Regency
Riau Islands
Banten
- South Tangerang city from Tangerang Regency
West Nusa Tenggara
East Nusa Tenggara
North Sulawesi
- East Bolaang Mongondow Regency from Bolaang Mongondow Regency
- South Bolaang Mongondow Regency from Bolaang Mongondow Regency
Central Sulawesi
South Sulawesi
Maluku
- South Buru Regency from Buru Regency
- Southwest Maluku Regency from ''Western Southeast Maluku Regency''
North Maluku
West Papua
- Tambrauw Regency from Sorong Regency, South Sorong Regency and Manokwari Regency
- Maybrat Regency from Sorong Regency
Papua
- Lanny Jaya Regency, Central Mamberamo Regency, Nduga Regency and Yalimo Regency from Jayawijaya Regency
- Puncak Regency from Puncak Jaya Regency
- Dogiyai Regency from Nabire Regency
- Deiyai Regency and Intan Jaya Regency from Paniai Regency
2007
Aceh
North Sumatra
- Batubara Regency from Asahan Regency
- Padang Lawas Regency and North Padang Lawas Regency from South Tapanuli Regency
South Sumatra
Lampung
Banten
- Serang from Serang Regency
West Java
East Nusa Tenggara
- Nagekeo Regency from Ngada Regency
- Central Sumba Regency and Southwest Sumba Regency from West Sumba Regency
- East Manggarai Regency from Manggarai Regency
West Kalimantan
- Kubu Raya Regency from ''Pontianak Regency''
North Kalimantan
North Sulawesi
- Kotamobagu and North Bolaang Mongondow Regency from Bolaang Mongondow Regency
- Siau Tagulandang Biaro Islands Regency from Sangihe Islands Regency
- Southeast Minahasa Regency from South Minahasa Regency
Gorontalo
Southeast Sulawesi
Maluku
Papua
2003
Aceh
North Sumatra
- Nias Selatan Regency from Nias Regency
- Pakpak Bharat Regency from Dairi Regency
- Humbang Hasundutan Regency from Tapanuli Utara Regency
- Samosir Regency from Toba Samosir Regency
- Serdang Bedagai Regency from Deli Serdang Regency
West Sumatra
- Dharmasraya Regency from Sawahlunto Sijunjung Regency
- Solok Selatan Regency from Solok Regency
- Pasaman Barat Regency from Pasaman Regency
Riau Islands
Bengkulu
- Mukomuko Regency from Bengkulu Utara Regency
- Seluma Regency from Bengkulu Selatan Regency
- Kaur Regency from Bengkulu Selatan Regency
- Lebong Regency from Rejang Lebong Regency
- Kepahiang Regency from Rejang Lebong Regency
South Sumatra
- Ogan Komering Ulu Timur Regency from Ogan Komering Ulu Regency
- Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan Regency from Ogan Komering Ulu Regency
- Ogan Ilir Regency from Ogan Komering Ilir Regency
Bangka Belitung Islands
- Bangka Selatan Regency from Bangka Regency
- Bangka Tengah Regency from Bangka Regency
- Bangka Barat Regency from Bangka Regency
- Belitung Timur Regency from Belitung Regency
West Nusa Tenggara
East Nusa Tenggara
West Kalimantan
South Kalimantan
North Sulawesi
- South Minahasa Regency from Minahasa Regency
- Tomohon from Minahasa Regency
- North Minahasa Regency from Minahasa Regency
Gorontalo
Central Sulawesi
West Sulawesi
South Sulawesi
Southeast Sulawesi
- South Konawe Regency from Kendari Regency
- Bombana Regency from Buton Regency
- Wakatobi Regency from Buton Regency
- North Kolaka Regency from Kolaka Regency
Maluku
- East Seram Regency from Central Maluku Regency
- West Seram Regency from Central Maluku Regency
- Aru Islands Regency from Southeast Maluku Regency
North Maluku
- North Halmahera Regency from North Maluku Regency
- South Halmahera Regency from North Maluku Regency
- Sula Islands Regency from North Maluku Regency
- East Halmahera Regency from Central Halmahera Regency
- Tidore Islands from Central Halmahera Regency
Papua
2002
Aceh
- Aceh Barat Daya Regency from Aceh Selatan Regency
- Gayo Lues Regency from Aceh Tenggara Regency
- Aceh Jaya Regency from Aceh Barat Regency
- Nagan Raya Regency from Aceh Barat Regency
- Aceh Tamiang Regency from Aceh Timur Regency
West Sumatra
South Sumatra
West Java
- Banjar from Ciamis Regency
West Nusa Tenggara
- Bima from Bima Regency
Central Kalimantan
- Katingan Regency from East Kotawaringin Regency
- Seruyan Regency from East Kotawaringin Regency
- Sukamara Regency from West Kotawaringin Regency
- Lamandau Regency from West Kotawaringin Regency
- Gunung Mas Regency from Kapuas Regency
- Pulang Pisau Regency from Kapuas Regency
- Murung Raya Regency from North Barito Regency
- East Barito Regency from South Barito Regency
East Kalimantan
North Sulawesi
Central Sulawesi
West Sulawesi
South Sulawesi
- Palopo from Luwu Regency
West Papua
- Kaimana Regency from Fak-Fak Regency
- Teluk Bintuni Regency from Manokwari Regency
- Teluk Wondama Regency from Manokwari Regency
- South Sorong Regency from Sorong Regency
- Raja Ampat Regency from Sorong Regency
Papua
- Sarmi Regency from Jayapura Regency
- Keerom Regency from Jayapura Regency
- Waropen Regency from Yapen Waropen Regency
- Bintang Mountains Regency from Jayawijaya Regency
- Yahukimo Regency from Jayawijaya Regency
- Tolikara Regency from Jayawijaya Regency
- Boven Digoel Regency from Merauke Regency
- Mappi Regency from Merauke Regency
- Asmat Regency from Merauke Regency
2001
Aceh
North Sumatra
Riau Islands
South Sumatra
- Prabumulih from Muara Enim Regency
- Lubuklinggau from Musi Rawas Regency
- Pagar Alam from Lahat Regency
DKI Jakarta
West Java
- Cimahi from Bandung Regency
- Tasikmalaya from Tasikmalaya Regency
East Java
- Kota Batu from Malang Regency
West Kalimantan
Southeast Sulawesi
- Bau-Bau from Buton Regency
1999
Aceh
- Aceh Singkil Regency from South Aceh Regency
- Simeulue Regency from West Aceh Regency
- Bireuen Regency from North Aceh Regency
West Sumatra
Riau
- Pelalawan Regency from Kampar Regency
- Rokan Hulu Regency from Kampar Regency
- Rokan Hilir Regency from Bengkalis Regency
- Siak Regency from Bengkalis Regency
- Kuantan Singingi Regency from Indragiri Hulu Regency
- Dumai from Bengkalis Regency
- Karimun Regency from Bintan Regency
- Natuna Regency from Bintan Regency
- Batam from Bintan Regency
Jambi
- Muaro Jambi Regency from Batanghari Regency
- Sarolangun Regency and Merangin Regency from Sarolangun Bangko Regency
- East Tanjung Jabung Regency and West Tanjung Jabung Regency from Tanjung Jabung Regency
- Tebo Regency and Bungo Regency from Bungo Tebo Regency
Lampung
- Way Kanan Regency from North Lampung Regency
- East Lampung Regency from Central Lampung Regency
- Metro (city) from Central Lampung Regency
West Java
- Cilegon from Serang Regency
- Depok from Bogor Regency
East Nusa Tenggara
West Kalimantan
South Kalimantan
- Banjarbaru from Banjar Regency
East Kalimantan
- West Kutai Regency from Kutai Regency
- East Kutai Regency from Kutai Regency
- Bontang from Kutai Regency
- Malinau Regency from Bulungan Regency
- Nunukan Regency from Bulungan Regency
Gorontalo
Central Sulawesi
- Buol Regency from Buol Toli-Toli Regency
- Morowali Regency from Poso Regency
- Banggai Islands Regency from Banggai Regency
South Sulawesi
Maluku
North Maluku
West Papua
- Sorong from Sorong Regency
Papua
- Paniai Regency from Nabire Regency
- Puncak Jaya Regency from Nabire Regency
- Mimika Regency from Fak-Fak Regency
Former regencies
These regencies became defunct either by splitting their territory together, or by being renamed. This list does not include colonial-era regencies, or former regencies of the former province of East Timor.| Former regency's name | Fate |
| Toba Samosir Regency | Renamed to Toba Regency |
| Western Southeast Maluku Regency | Renamed to Tanimbar Islands Regency |
| North Mamuju Regency | Renamed to Pasangkayu Regency |
| Pontianak Regency | Renamed to Mempawah Regency |
| Surabaya Regency | Renamed to Gresik Regency |
| Riau Islands Regency | Split into 3 in 1999 and one each in 2001 and 2003, later changed name to Bintan Regency |
| North Maluku Regency | Split into 4 regencies and cities |
| Kutai Regency | Split into 4 regencies and cities in 1999, later renamed to Kutai Kartanegara Regency |
| Sarolangun Bangko Regency | Split into Sarolangun Regency and Merangin Regency |
| Bungo Tebo Regency | Split into Bungo Regency and Tebo Regency |
| Tanjung Jabung Regency | Split into West Tanjung Jabung Regency and East Tanjung Jabung Regency |
| Buol Toli-Toli Regency | Split into Buol Regency and Toli-Toli Regency |
| Adikarto Regency | Merged into Kulon Progo Regency |
| Hulu Sungai Regency | Split into South Hulu Sungai Regency, Central Hulu Sungai Regency and North Hulu Sungai Regency |
| Barito Regency | Split into North Barito Regency and South Barito Regency |
| Kotawaringin Regency | Split into West Kotawaringin Regency and East Kotawaringin Regency |