List of freshwater fish of Russia
List of freshwater fish of Russia includes species of freshwater fish found in Russian Federation, and includes those introduced.
[Acipenseriformes]
[Acipenseridae] (Sturgeons)
- Acipenser
- * Acipenser baerii — Siberian sturgeon
- * Acipenser gueldenstaedtii — Russian sturgeon
- * Acipenser mikadoi — Sakhalin sturgeon
- * Acipenser nudiventris — Fringebarbel sturgeon
- * Acipenser persicus — Persian sturgeon
- * Acipenser ruthenus — Sterlet
- * Acipenser schrenckii — Japanese sturgeon
- * Acipenser stellatus — Starry sturgeon
- * Acipenser sturio — European sea sturgeon
- Huso
- * Huso dauricus — Kaluga sturgeon
- * Huso huso — Beluga sturgeon
[Polyodontidae] (Paddlefishes)
- Polyodon
- * Polyodon spathula — American paddlefish; North American species, acclimatized
[Clupeiformes]
[Clupeidae] (Herring, shads, sardines, and menhadens))
- Alosa
- * Alosa alosa — Allis shad
- * Alosa caspia — Caspian shad
- * Alosa immaculata — Pontic shad
- * Alosa kessleri — Caspian anadromous shad
- Clupeonella
- * Clupeonella abrau — Abrau sprat
- * Clupeonella cultriventris — Black Sea sprat
[Salmoniformes]
[Salmonidae]
Subfamily [Salmoninae]
- Brachymystax
- * Brachymystax lenok — Sharp-snouted lenok
- * Brachymystax tumensis — Blunt-snouted lenok
- Hucho
- * Hucho perryi — Japanese huchen, Sakhalin taimen
- * Hucho taimen — Taimen
- Oncorhynchus
- * Oncorhynchus gorbuscha — Pink salmon, humpback salmon
- * Oncorhynchus keta — Chum salmon, dog salmon, keta salmon, silverbrite salmon
- * Oncorhynchus kisutch — Coho salmon, silver salmon, silvers
- * Oncorhynchus masou — masu salmon, cherry salmon, Japanese salmon, seema
- * Oncorhynchus mykiss — Rainbow trout
- * Oncorhynchus nerka — Sockeye salmon, red salmon, blueback salmon, kokanee
- * Oncorhynchus tshawytscha — Chinook salmon
- Salmo
- * Salmo ezenami — Kezenoi-am trout
- * Salmo labrax — Black Sea salmon
- * Salmo salar — Atlantic salmon
- * Salmo trutta — Brown trout
- Salvelinus
- * Salvelinus albus — White char
- * Salvelinus alpinus — Arctic char
- * Salvelinus andriashevi — Chukot char
- * Salvelinus boganidae — Boganida char
- * Salvelinus czerskii — Cherskii's char
- * Salvelinus drjagini — Dryagin's char
- * Salvelinus elgyticus — Small-mouth char
- * Salvelinus jacuticus — Yakutian char
- * Salvelinus kronocius
- * Salvelinus lepechini
- * Salvelinus leucomaenis — Whitespotted char
- * Salvelinus levanidovi
- * Salvelinus malma — Dolly Varden trout
- * Salvelinus neiva — Neiva
- * Salvelinus schmidti
- * Salvelinus taimyricus
- * Salvelinus taranetzi — Taranets char
- * Salvelinus tolmachoffi — Lake Yessey char
- Salvethymus
- * Salvethymus svetovidovi — Long-finned charr
Subfamily [Coregoninae]
- Coregonus
- * Coregonus albula — Vendace
- * Coregonus autumnalis — Arctic cisco
- * Coregonus baicalensis
- * Coregonus chadary — Khadary whitefish
- * Coregonus laurettae — Bering cisco
- * Coregonus lavaretus — common whitefish, European whitefish; lavaret
- * Coregonus migratorius — Omul
- * Coregonus muksun — Muksun
- * Coregonus nasus — Broad whitefish
- * Coregonus peled — Peled
- * Coregonus sardinella — Sardine cisco
- * Coregonus tugun — Tugun
- * Coregonus ussuriensis — Amur whitefish
- Prosopium
- * Prosopium coulterii — Pygmy whitefish
- * Prosopium cylindraceum — Round whitefish
- Stenodus
- * Stenodus leucichthys — Beloribitsa
- * Stenodus nelma — Nelma, sheefish, or inconnu
Subfamily [Thymallinae]
- Thymallus
- * Thymallus arcticus — Arctic grayling
- * Thymallus baicalensis — Baikal black grayling
- * Thymallus brevipinnis — Baikal white grayling
- * Thymallus brevirostris — Mongolian grayling
- * Thymallus burejensis — Bureya grayling
- * Thymallus flavomaculatus — Yellow-spotted grayling
- * Thymallus grubii — Amur grayling
- * Thymallus mertensii
- * Thymallus pallasii — East Siberian grayling
- * Thymallus svetovidovi — Upper Yenisei grayling
- * Thymallus thymallus — Grayling
- * Thymallus tugarinae — Lower Amur grayling
[Osmeriformes]
[Osmeridae] (Freshwater smelts, typical smelts)
- Hypomesus
- * Hypomesus japonicus
- * Hypomesus nipponensis — Japanese smelt
- * Hypomesus olidus — Pond smelt
- Osmerus
- * Osmerus eperlanus — European smelt
- * Osmerus mordax — Rainbow smelt
[Esociformes]
[Esocidae] (Pikes)
[Umbridae] (Mudminnows)
- Dallia
- * Dallia admirabilis
- * Dallia delicatissima
- * Dallia pectoralis — Alaska blackfish
[Anguilliformes]
[Anguillidae] (Freshwater eels)
[Cypriniformes]
[Cyprinidae]
- Abbottina
- * Abbottina rivularis — Chinese false gudgeon
- Abramis
- * Abramis brama — Common bream
- Acanthorhodeus
- * Acanthorhodeus chankaensis — Khanka spiny bitterling
- Acheilognathus
- * Acheilognathus asmussii — Russian bitterling
- Alburnoides
- * Alburnoides bipunctatus — Schneider, spirlin, bleak, riffle minnow
- Alburnus
- * Alburnus alburnus — Common bleak
- * Alburnus chalcoides — Danube bleak or Caspian shemaya
- Aphyocypris
- * Aphyocypris chinensis — Chinese bleak
- Aspius
- * Aspius aspius — Asp
- Ballerus
- * Ballerus ballerus — Zope, blue bream
- * Ballerus sapa — White-eye bream
- Barbus
- * Barbus barbus — Common barbel
- * Barbus ciscaucasicus — Terek barbel
- * Barbus tauricus — Crimean barbel
- Blicca
- * Blicca bjoerkna — Silver bream
- Carassius
- * Carassius carassius — Crucian carp
- * Carassius gibelio — Prussian carp
- Chanodichthys
- * Chanodichthys dabryi — Humpback
- * Chanodichthys erythropterus — Predatory carp
- * Chanodichthys mongolicus — Mongolian redfin
- Chondrostoma
- * Chondrostoma colchicum — Colchic nase
- * Chondrostoma nasus — Common nase, sneep
- * Chondrostoma oxyrhynchum — Terek nase
- * Chondrostoma variabile — Volga undermouth
- Ctenopharyngodon
- * Ctenopharyngodon idella — Grass carp, white amur
- Culter
- * Culter alburnus
- Cyprinus
- * Cyprinus carpio — Common carp
- Elopichthys
- * Elopichthys bambusa — Yellowcheek or kanyu
- Gnathopogon
- * Gnathopogon strigatus — Manchurian gudgeon
- Gobio
- * Gobio gobio — Gudgeon
- * Gobio soldatovi — Soldatov's gudgeon
- Gobiobotia
- * Gobiobotia pappenheimi — Eightbarbel gudgeon
- Hemibarbus
- * Hemibarbus labeo — Barbel steed
- * Hemibarbus maculatus — Spotted steed
- Hemiculter
- * Hemiculter leucisculus — Sharpbelly
- * Hemiculter lucidus — Ussuri Sharpbelly
- Hypophthalmichthys
- * Hypophthalmichthys molitrix — Silver carp
- * Hypophthalmichthys nobilis — Bighead carp; Chinese species, introduced into Amur River basin, acclimatized in European part of Russia
- Ladislavia
- * Ladislavia taczanowskii — Taczanowski's gudgeon
- Leucaspius
- * Leucaspius delineatus — Sunbleak, belica, moderlieschen
- Leuciscus
- * Leuciscus danilewskii — Danilevskii's dace
- * Leuciscus idus — Ide
- * Leuciscus leuciscus — Common dace
- * Leuciscus waleckii — Amur ide
- Luciobarbus
- * Luciobarbus brachycephalus — Aral barbel
- * Luciobarbus capito — Bulatmai barbel
- Megalobrama
- * Megalobrama terminalis — Black Amur bream
- Microphysogobio
- * Microphysogobio tungtingensis — Long-nosed gudgeon
- Mylopharyngodon
- * Mylopharyngodon piceus — Black carp, black Chinese roach
- Ochetobius
- * Ochetobius elongatus, introduced into Lake Khanka
- Opsariichthys
- * Opsariichthys uncirostris — Three-lips
- Oreoleuciscus
- * Oreoleuciscus humilis — Dwarf Altai osman
- * Oreoleuciscus potanini — Altai osman
- Parabramis
- * Parabramis pekinensis — White Amur bream
- Pelecus
- * Pelecus cultratus — Sichel, ziege, sabre carp, sabrefish
- Petroleuciscus
- * Petroleuciscus borysthenicus — Dnieper chub, Black Sea chub
- Phoxinus
- * Phoxinus phoxinus — Eurasian minnow
- Plagiognathops
- * Plagiognathops microlepis — Smallscale yellowfin
- Pseudaspius
- * Pseudaspius leptocephalus — Redfin
- Pseudorasbora
- * Pseudorasbora parva — Stone moroko
- Rhodeus
- * Rhodeus lighti — Light's bitterling
- * Rhodeus sericeus — Amur bitterling
- Rhynchocypris
- * Rhynchocypris czekanowskii — Czekanowski's minnow
- * Rhynchocypris lagowskii — Amur minnow
- * Rhynchocypris percnurus — Lake minnow
- Romanogobio
- * Romanogobio albipinnatus — White-finned gudgeon
- * Romanogobio ciscaucasicus — North Caucasian long-barbelled gudgeon
- * Romanogobio pentatrichus — Kuban long-barbelled gudgeon
- * Romanogobio tenuicorpus — Amur whitefin gudgeon
- Rutilus
- * Rutilus caspicus — Vobla, Caspian roach
- * Rutilus frisii — vyrezub, Black Sea roach, kutum
- * Rutilus kutum — Caspian kutum
- * Rutilus rutilus — Common roach
- Sarcocheilichthys
- * Sarcocheilichthys czerskii — Cherskii's thicklip gudgeon
- * Sarcocheilichthys sinensis — Chinese lake gudgeon
- * Sarcocheilichthys soldatovi — Soldatov's thicklip gudgeon
- Saurogobio
- * Saurogobio dabryi — Chinese lizard gudgeon
- Scardinius
- * Scardinius erythrophthalmus — Common Rudd
- Squalidus
- * Squalidus chankaensis — Khanka gudgeon
- Squaliobarbus
- * Squaliobarbus curriculus — Barbel chub
- Squalius
- * Squalius aphipsi — Aphips chub
- * Squalius cephalus — European chub
- Tinca
- * Tinca tinca — Tench
- Tribolodon
- * Tribolodon brandtii — Pacific redfin
- * Tribolodon hakonensis — Big-scaled redfin
- * Tribolodon sachalinensis
- Vimba
- * Vimba vimba — Vimba bream
- Xenocypris
- * Xenocypris argentea —
[Catostomidae] (Suckers)
- Catostomus
- * Catostomus catostomus — Longnose sucker
- Ictiobus
- * Ictiobus bubalus — Smallmouth buffalo; North American species, acclimatized
- * Ictiobus cyprinellus — Bigmouth buffalo; North American species, acclimatized
- * Ictiobus niger — Black buffalo; North American species, acclimatized
[Nemacheilidae] (Stone loaches)
- Barbatula
- * Barbatula barbatula — Stone loach
- * Barbatula toni
- Lefua
- * Lefua costata — Eightbarbel loach
- Oxynoemacheilus
- * Oxynoemacheilus merga — Krynicki's loach
[Cobitidae] (True loaches)
- Cobitis
- * Cobitis choii — Choi's spiny loach
- * Cobitis lutheri — Luther's spiny loach
- * Cobitis melanoleuca
- * Cobitis rossomeridionalis
- * Cobitis taenia — Spined loach
- Misgurnus
- * Misgurnus anguillicaudatus — Pond loach
- * Misgurnus fossilis — Weatherfish
- Sabanejewia
- * Sabanejewia aurata — Golden spined loach
- * Sabanejewia caucasica — Ciscaucasian spined loach
[Botiidae]
[Siluriformes]
[Siluridae]
- Silurus
- * Silurus asotus — Amur catfish
- * Silurus glanis — Wels catfish
- * Silurus soldatovi — Soldatov's catfish
[Bagridae] (Naked catfishes, bagrid catfishes)
- Leiocassis
- * Leiocassis brashnikowi
- * Leiocassis herzensteini
- * Leiocassis ussuriensis
- Mystus
- * Mystus mica
- Tachysurus
- * Tachysurus fulvidraco — Yellowhead catfish, Korean bullhead
[Ictaluridae]
- Ameiurus
- * Ameiurus nebulosus — Brown bullhead; North American species, acclimatized
- Ictalurus
- * Ictalurus punctatus — Channel catfish; North American species, acclimatized
[Beloniformes]
[Adrianichthyidae] (Ricefishes)
- Oryzias
- * Oryzias latipes — Japanese ricefish; acclimatized in Krasnodar Krai
[Cyprinodontiformes]
[Poeciliidae]
- Gambusia
- * Gambusia holbrooki — Eastern mosquitofish; acclimatized in Krasnodar Krai; some populations are reported from central Russia
- Poecilia
- * Poecilia reticulata — Guppy; self-replicating populations are reported from Moskva River and Volga River
[Gadiformes]
[Lotidae] (Rocklings)
[Gasterosteiformes]
[Gasterosteidae] (Sticklebacks)
- Gasterosteus
- * Gasterosteus aculeatus — Three-spined stickleback
- Pungitius
- * Pungitius platygaster — Southern ninespined stickleback
- * Pungitius pungitius — Ninespined stickleback
- * Pungitius sinensis — Amur stickleback
- * Pungitius tymensis — Sakhalin stickleback
[Syngnathiformes]
[Syngnathidae]
[Perciformes]
[Percichthyidae] (Temperate perches)
[Moronidae] (Temperate basses)
- Morone
- * Morone saxatilis — Striped bass; North American species, acclimatized in Krasnodar Krai
[Centrarchidae]
- Micropterus
- * Micropterus salmoides — Largemouth black bass; North American species, acclimatized
[Percidae]
- Gymnocephalus
- * Gymnocephalus acerina — Donets ruffe
- * Gymnocephalus cernua — Eurasian ruffe
- Perca
- * Perca fluviatilis — European perch
- Percarina
- * Percarina demidoffi — Common percarina
- * Percarina maeotica — Azov percarina
- Sander
- * Sander lucioperca — Zander, pike-perch
- * Sander volgensis — Volga pikeperch, Volga zander
[Cichlidae] (Cichlids)
- Oreochromis
- * Oreochromis mossambicus — Mozambique tilapia; African species, acclimatized in Krasnodar Krai
[Odontobutidae] (Freshwater sleepers)
[Gobiidae] (Gobies)
- Acanthogobius
- * Acanthogobius flavimanus — Yellowfin goby
- * Acanthogobius lactipes
- Babka
- * Babka gymnotrachelus — Racer goby
- Benthophilus
- * Benthophilus baeri — Baer pugolovka
- * Benthophilus casachicus
- * Benthophilus granulosus — Granular pugolovka
- * Benthophilus macrocephalus — Caspian tadpole goby
- * Benthophilus magistri — Azov tadpole goby
- * Benthophilus mahmudbejovi — Small-spine tadpole-goby
- * Benthophilus stellatus — Stellate tadpole-goby
- Caspiosoma
- * Caspiosoma caspium
- Chaenogobius
- * Chaenogobius annularis — Forktongue goby
- Gymnogobius
- * Gymnogobius castaneus — Biringo
- * Gymnogobius macrognathus
- * Gymnogobius taranetzi
- * Gymnogobius urotaenia
- Hyrcanogobius
- * Hyrcanogobius bergi — Volga dwarf goby; the smallest Russian fish
- Knipowitschia
- * Knipowitschia caucasica — Caucasian dwarf goby
- * Knipowitschia longecaudata — Longtail dwarf goby
- Mesogobius
- * Mesogobius batrachocephalus — Knout goby
- Neogobius
- * Neogobius fluviatilis — Monkey goby
- * Neogobius melanostomus — Round goby
- Pomatoschistus
- * Pomatoschistus marmoratus — Marbled goby
- Ponticola
- * Ponticola gorlap — Caspian bighead goby
- * Ponticola platyrostris — Flatsnout goby
- * Ponticola rhodioni — Riverine goby
- * Ponticola syrman — Syrman goby
- Proterorhinus
- * Proterorhinus marmoratus — Tubenose goby
- * Proterorhinus nasalis — Eastern tubenose goby
- * Proterorhinus semilunaris — Western tubenose goby
- Rhinogobius
- * Rhinogobius brunneus — Amur goby
- Tridentiger
- * Tridentiger obscurus — Dusky tripletooth goby
- * Tridentiger trigonocephalus — Chameleon goby
[Channidae] (Snakeheads)
[Scorpaeniformes]
[Cottidae] (Cottids)
- Cottus
- * Cottus amblystomopsis — Sakhalin sculpin
- * Cottus cognatus — Slimy sculpin
- * Cottus czerskii — Cherskii's sculpin
- * Cottus gobio — Bullhead
- * Cottus hangiongensis
- * Cottus poecilopus — Alpine bullhead
- * Cottus sibiricus — Siberian sculpin
- Mesocottus
- * Mesocottus haitej — Amur sculpin
- Myoxocephalus
- * Myoxocephalus quadricornis — Fourhorn sculpin
[Cottocomephoridae] (Bighead sculpins, Baikal sculpins)
This entire family is mostly endemic to Russia, where it found in Lake Baikal and surrounding lakes and rivers.- Batrachocottus
- * Batrachocottus baicalensis — Bighead sculpin
- * Batrachocottus multiradiatus
- * Batrachocottus nikolskii — Fat sculpin
- * Batrachocottus talievi
- Cottocomephorus
- * Cottocomephorus alexandrae
- * Cottocomephorus grewingkii — Baikal yellowfin
- * Cottocomephorus inermis — Longfin Baikal sculpin
- Leocottus
- * Leocottus kesslerii — Kessler's sculpin
- Paracottus
- * Paracottus knerii — Stone sculpin
[Comephoridae]
This entire family is endemic to Russia, Lake Baikal.- Comephorus
- * Comephorus baikalensis — Big Baikal oilfish
- * Comephorus dybowskii — Little Baikal oilfish
[Abyssocottidae] (Deep-water sculpins)
This entire family is endemic to Russia, Lake Baikal.- Abyssocottus
- * Abyssocottus elochini
- * Abyssocottus gibbosus
- * Abyssocottus korotneffi
- Asprocottus
- * Asprocottus abyssalis
- * Asprocottus herzensteini — Herzenstein's rough sculpin
- * Asprocottus korjakovi
- * Asprocottus parmiferus
- * Asprocottus platycephalus
- * Asprocottus pulcher
- Cottinella
- * Cottinella boulengeri — Short-headed sculpin
- Cyphocottus
- * Cyphocottus eurystomus
- * Cyphocottus megalops — Vitim sculpin
- Limnocottus
- * Limnocottus bergianus
- * Limnocottus godlewskii
- * Limnocottus griseus
- * Limnocottus pallidus
- Neocottus
- * Neocottus thermalis
- * Neocottus werestschagini
- Procottus
- * Procottus gotoi
- * Procottus gurwici — Dwarf sculpin
- * Procottus jeittelesii — Red sculpin
- * Procottus major