Morone


Morone is a genus of temperate basses native to the Atlantic coast of North America and the freshwater systems of the midwestern and eastern United States. Fossil evidence also suggests they inhabited Europe during the Paleogene and Neogene.

Etymology

The word morone is an archaic variation of "maroon". American politician-naturalist Samuel Latham Mitchill first coined the genus in 1814, describing all four species of "perch of New York" he included under the genus as having "ruddy", "scarlet", or "reddish, rusty and ochreous" fins. Species of Dicentrarchus were formerly placed in this genus, but can be distinguished by the presence of preopercular spines in Dicentrarchus.

Species

The currently recognized species in this genus are:
ImageScientific nameCommon nameDistribution
Morone americana white perchfresh water and coastal areas from the St. Lawrence River and Lake Ontario south to the Pee Dee River in South Carolina, and as far east as Nova Scotia, lower Great Lakes, Finger Lakes, Long Island Sound and nearby coastal areas, Hudson and Mohawk River system, Delaware Bay and Chesapeake Bay.
Morone chrysops white basswidely across the United States
Morone mississippiensis D. S. Jordan & C. H. Eigenmann, 1887yellow bassMississippi River from Minnesota to Louisiana and may also be found in the Trinity River and the Tennessee River.
Morone saxatilis striped bassAtlantic coastline of North America from the St. Lawrence River into the Gulf of Mexico to approximately Louisiana.

The following fossil species are also known from Europe:
  • Morone aequalis - Miocene of Germany
  • Morone delheidi - Oligocene of Belgium
  • Morone major - Eocene of France
  • Morone shizurus - Eocene of Italy
  • ?†Morone ubinoi - Cenozoic of Greece
The fossil species †Morone ionkoi Bannikov, 1993 may be potentially more closely related to Dicentrarchus. Many other fossil Morone species from the former Yugoslavian region likely do not belong to the Moronidae at all.