Windjammer

Image:Herzogin Cecilie SLV AllenGren.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.3|Four-masted, iron-hulled barque Herzogin Cecilie—one of the fastest windjammers built
A windjammer is a commercial sailing ship with multiple masts, however rigged. The informal term "windjammer" arose during the transition from the Age of Sail to the Age of Steam during the 19th century. The Oxford [English Dictionary] records the term "wind jammer" with reference to a ship from 1878 and nautical use of "windjamming" from 1886. The word has evolved to include passenger cruise ships.

Etymology

The word "windjammer" has a variety of associations, both nautical and not. In the late 19th century the term was pejorative, as used by sailors aboard steamships.

In 1892, Rudder Magazine said in a story, "The deck hands on the liners contemptuously refer to as 'wind-jammers'."
In 1917, the American Dialect Society recorded residents of the U.S. state of Maine referring to fore-and-aft sailing vessels as "windjammers" in a list of regional word usages.
The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea calls windjammer "a non-nautical name by which square-rigged sailing ships are sometimes known".The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military calls windjammer "a merchant sailing ship".
The following languages have adopted "windjammer" as a loanword from English in reference to sailing ships:
* Czech: windjammer
* Dutch: windjammer
* German: Windjammer
* Japanese: ウィンドジャマー
* Polish: windjammer
* Russian: винджаммер
* Serbo-Croatian: виндјамер or vindjamer
* Ukrainian: вінджамер
Green's Dictionary of Slang has a variety of non-nautical definitions for the term.

Examples

Any of the following ships may be called a "windjammer":

In literature

Windjammers have figured prominently in both historical and fictional literature. Some examples include:
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