Toyama Prefecture
Toyama Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region of Honshu. Toyama Prefecture has a population of 993,848 and has a geographic area of 4,247.61 km2. Toyama Prefecture borders Ishikawa Prefecture to the west, Gifu Prefecture to the south, Nagano Prefecture to the east, and Niigata Prefecture to the northeast.
Toyama is the capital and largest city of Toyama Prefecture, with other major cities including Takaoka, Imizu, and Nanto. Toyama Prefecture is part of the historic Hokuriku region, and the majority of the prefecture's population lives on Toyama Bay, one of the largest bays in Japan. Toyama Prefecture is the leading industrial prefecture on the Japan Sea coast and has the advantage of cheap electricity from abundant hydroelectric resources. Toyama Prefecture contains the only known glaciers in East Asia outside of Russia, first recognized in 2012, and 30% of the prefecture's area is designated as national parks.
History
Historically, Toyama Prefecture was Etchū Province. Following the abolition of the han system in 1871, Etchū Province was renamed Niikawa Prefecture, but Imizu District was given to Nanao Prefecture. In 1872 Imizu District was returned by the new Ishikawa Prefecture.In 1876, Niikawa Prefecture was merged into Ishikawa Prefecture but the merger was void in 1881 and the area was re-established as Toyama Prefecture.
The Itai-itai disease occurred in Toyama around 1950.
Geography
Toyama Prefecture is bordered by Ishikawa Prefecture to the west, Niigata to the northeast, Nagano to the southeast, Gifu to the south and Sea of Japan to the north.As of April 1, 2012, 30% of the total land area of the prefecture was designated as Natural Parks, namely the Chūbu-Sangaku and Hakusan National Parks; Noto Hantō Quasi-National Park; and six Prefectural Natural Parks.
Municipalities
Due to the mergers in the 2000s, Toyama has the fewest municipalities of any prefecture in Japan with 10 cities, 2 districts, 4 towns, and 1 village.Mergers
List of governors of Toyama Prefecture (1947–present)
- Tetsuji Tachi
- Takekuni Takatsuji
- Minoru Yoshida
- Kōkichi Nakata
- Yutaka Nakaoki
- Takakazu Ishii
- Hachirō Nitta
Economy
Agriculture
In 2014 Toyama contributed approximately 2.5% of Japan's rice production andmakes use of abundant water sources originating from Mount Tate. It also has many fisheries along its Sea of Japan coastline.
Manufacturing
Toyama is famous for its historical pharmaceutical industry which remains a top manufacturing industry in the prefecture in terms of manufacturing shipment value followed by electronic parts and devices, and metal products manufacturing.Energy
generates electricity for the Kansai Electric Power Company. It is located on the Kurobe River in Toyama Prefecture.Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Toyama has been relatively stable since 1950.Transportation
Rail
- JR West
- * Hokuriku Shinkansen
- * Takayama Main Line
- * Himi Line
- * Jōhana Line
- JR Central
- * Takayama Main Line
- Ainokaze Toyama Railway
- Manyōsen
- * Shinminatokō Line
- * Takaoka Kidō Line
- Toyama Chihō Railway
- * Main Line
- * Tateyama Line
- * Fujikoshi Line
- * Kamidaki Line
- * Toyama City Tram
Expressway
- Hokuriku Expressway
- Nōetsu Expressway
- Tōkai-Hokuriku Expressway
Air
- Toyama Airport
Domestic
- Tokyo: 1 hr
- Sapporo: 1 hr 20 min
International
- Dalian: 2 hr 30 min via China Southern Airlines
- Shanghai: 2 hr 30 min via Shanghai Airlines
Culture
Tourist sites
- Tateyama Kurobe Alpine Route
- Kurobe Gorge Railway
- Unazuki Onsen
- Gokayama
- Mitsui Outlet Park, Hokuriku Oyabe
UNESCO World Heritage Cultural Sites
- Gokayama Historical Village
National Treasures of Japan
- Zuiryū-ji Temple
Festivals
Spring
- All Japan Chindon Competition, Mid April
- Tonami Tulip Fair, May
- Marumage Festival, May 17
Summer
- Sassa Narimasa Sengoku Era Festival, Late July
- Japan Wildlife Film Festival, Early August
Fall
- Toyama Festival, Sept. 1
- Owara Kaze no Bon, Sept. 1–3
Winter
- Nanto Toga Soba Festival, Mid Feb.
Regional foods
- Trout Sushi
- White Shrimp
- Matured Yellow Tail
- Firefly Squid
- Fish Paste
Regional sake
- Tateyama
- Narimasa
- Masuizumi
- Sanshoraku
Sports
Football
- Kataller Toyama
- Toyama Grouses
- Toyama Thunderbirds
- Takaoka Mariners
International relations
- Liaoning Province, since May 9, 1984
- São Paulo State, since July 18, 1985
- Oregon State, since October 19, 1991
- Primorsky Region, since August 26, 1992
- Basel-Stadt, since October 26, 2009
- Andhra Pradesh State, since December 29, 2015