Pellenes
Pellenes is a genus of jumping spiders that was first circumscribed by Eugène Louis Simon in 1876. It is considered a senior synonym of Hyllothyene. In 2000, Dmitri Logunov, Yuri Marusik and Sergei Rakov divided the genus Pellenes into four subgenera, based on the shape of the male palpal bulb. The subgenera are Pelmirus, Pelmultus, and Pelpaucus. Wayne Maddison placed the genus in the subtribe Harmochirina in the tribe Plexippini in 2015. This had previously been known as Harmochireae, as circumscribed by Simon in 1903. It is allocated to the subclade Saltafresia in the clade Salticoida. The spiders are a member of Plexippoida. Phylogenetic analysis of molecular data demonstrates that the genus is most closely related to Habronattus and Havaika. In 2016, Jerzy Prószyński grouped the genus with Dexippus under the name Pelenines, named after the genus. It is allocated to the supergroup Hylloida.
They are dark to black with white stripes on the back, and often have bright red markings. Most species have a special propensity for snail shells. Pellenes seriatus and P. lapponicus males look very similar to Hasarius adansoni when viewed from the front.
Distribution
Pellenes are found in North America, Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Saint Helena:Species
, this genus includes 66 species and one subspecies:Pellenes albopilosus – Russia, KazakhstanPellenes allegrii Caporiacco, 1935 – Bulgaria, Ukraine, Russia, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, IndiaPellenes amazonka Logunov, Marusik & Rakov, 1999 – Kazakhstan, Central AsiaPellenes arciger – Canary Islands, Southern Europe, Algeria, ArmeniaPellenes badkhyzicus Logunov, Marusik & Rakov, 1999 – TurkmenistanPellenes beani G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1903 – South AfricaPellenes bitaeniata – Australia Pellenes bonus Logunov, Marusik & Rakov, 1999 – Ukraine, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Iran, TurkmenistanPellenes borisi Logunov, Marusik & Rakov, 1999 – KazakhstanPellenes brevis – Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Germany, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Greece, Turkey, Cyprus, Ukraine, Armenia, IranPellenes canosus Simon, 1937 – FrancePellenes cingulatus Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2000 – TanzaniaPellenes dahli Lessert, 1915 – Uganda, KenyaPellenes denisi Schenkel, 1963 – Tajikistan, ChinaPellenes diagonalis – North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Caucasus, Israel, IranPellenes dilutus Logunov, 1995 – Kazakhstan, TurkmenistanPellenes durioei – AlgeriaPellenes epularis – Greece to China, Namibia, South AfricaPellenes flavipalpis – Greece, Turkey, Cyprus, Lebanon, IsraelPellenes florii Schäfer, 2020 – Greece Pellenes geniculatus – Southern Europe, Morocco, Tanzania, Namibia, South Africa, Lesotho, Turkey, Ukraine, Caucasus, Middle East, Iran, Kazakhstan, Central Asia- * P. g. subsultans – FrancePellenes gobiensis Schenkel, 1936 – Russia, Mongolia, ChinaPellenes hadaensis Prószyński, 1993 – Saudi ArabiaPellenes hedjazensis Prószyński, 1993 – Saudi Arabia, United Arab EmiratesPellenes himalaya Caleb, Sajan & Kumar, 2018 – IndiaPellenes iforhasorum Berland & Millot, 1941 – Sudan, MaliPellenes ignifrons – United States, Canada, Russia, Kazakhstan, China, MongoliaPellenes ignotus Logunov, 2023 – IranPellenes inexcultus – St. HelenaPellenes iva Caleb, 2018 – IndiaPellenes karakumensis Logunov, Marusik & Rakov, 1999 – TurkmenistanPellenes laevigatus – Greece, LebanonPellenes lagrecai Cantarella & Alicata, 2002 – ItalyPellenes lapponicus – North America, Alps, Northern Europe, Russia Pellenes levaillanti – AlgeriaPellenes limbatus Kulczyński, 1895 – Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, ChinaPellenes logunovi Marusik, Hippa & Koponen, 1996 – Russia Pellenes lucidus Logunov & Zamanpoore, 2005 – AfghanistanPellenes luculentus Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007 – YemenPellenes maderianus Kulczyński, 1905 – Madeira, MoroccoPellenes marionis – Cape VerdePellenes minimus – LibyaPellenes modicus Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2000 – Uganda, Tanzania, South AfricaPellenes moreanus Metzner, 1999 – North Macedonia, Greece, TurkeyPellenes negevensis Prószyński, 2000 – IsraelPellenes nigrociliatus – Canary Islands, Europe, Algeria, Turkey, Israel, Caucasus, Central Asia, ChinaPellenes obliquostriatus Caporiacco, 1940 – EthiopiaPellenes obvolutus Dawidowicz & Wesołowska, 2016 – KenyaPellenes pamiricus Logunov, Marusik & Rakov, 1999 – TajikistanPellenes perexcultus Clark & Benoit, 1977 – St. HelenaPellenes pseudobrevis Logunov, Marusik & Rakov, 1999 – Russia, Kazakhstan, Central AsiaPellenes pulcher Logunov, 1995 – Russia, Kazakhstan, MongoliaPellenes purcelli Lessert, 1915 – UgandaPellenes rufoclypeatus G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1903 – South AfricaPellenes seriatus – France, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Ukraine, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia, Kazakhstan, Iran, Central AsiaPellenes sibiricus Logunov & Marusik, 1994 – Russia, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Mongolia, ChinaPellenes siculus Alicata & Cantarella, 2000 – Italy Pellenes striolatus Wesołowska & van Harten, 2002 – Yemen Pellenes sytchevskayae Logunov, Marusik & Rakov, 1999 – Turkmenistan, UzbekistanPellenes tharinae Wesołowska, 2006 – Namibia, Zimbabwe, South AfricaPellenes tocharistanus Andreeva, 1976 – Central AsiaPellenes tripunctatus – Europe, Caucasus, Central Asia, China Pellenes turkmenicus Logunov, Marusik & Rakov, 1999 – Russia, Central AsiaPellenes unipunctus Saito, 1937 – ChinaPellenes univittatus – EthiopiaPellenes vanharteni Wesołowska, 1998 – Cape Verde