Outline of Australia
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Australia:
General reference
- Pronunciation:
- Common English country name: Australia
- Official English country name: The Commonwealth of Australia
- Common endonym: Land Down Under
- Official endonym: Australia
- Adjectival: Australian
- Demonym: Aussie
- Etymology: Name of Australia
- International rankings of Australia
- ISO country codes: AU, AUS, 036
- ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:AU
- Internet country code top-level domain: .au
Geography
Geography of Australia- Australia is:
- * a continent
- * a country
- ** a nation state
- ** a Commonwealth realm
- ** a megadiverse country
- Location:
- * Australia is a region or subregion of:
- ** The World
- *** Southern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
- *** Oceania
- **** Australasia
- * Australia lies between:
- ** Indian Ocean
- ** Pacific Ocean
- *** South Pacific Ocean
- ** Southern Ocean
- * Time zones:
- ** Australian Eastern Standard Time, Australian Eastern Summer Time
- ** Australian Central Standard Time, Australian Central Summer Time,
- ** Central Western Standard Time
- ** Australian Western Standard Time
- * Extreme points of Australia
- ** Northernmost Point – Cape York, Queensland
- ** Southernmost Point – South Point, Wilsons Promontory, Victoria
- ** Westernmost Point – Steep Point, Western Australia
- ** Easternmost Point – Cape Byron, New South Wales
- ** Highest Point – Mount Kosciuszko
- ** Lowest Point – Lake Eyre
- * Land boundaries: none
- * Coastline: 25,760 km
- Population of Australia: 25,694,393 people – 54th most populous country
- Area of Australia: – 6th largest country
- Atlas of Australia
- Surveying in Australia
Environment
Environment of Australia- Climate of Australia
- * Bushfires in Australia
- * Climate change in Australia
- * Effects of global warming on Australia
- Ecoregions of Australia
- Environmental issues in Australia
- Renewable energy in Australia
- * Geothermal power in Australia
- * Solar power in Australia
- * Wind power in Australia
- Geology of Australia
- National parks of Australia
- Protected areas of Australia
- Wildlife of Australia
- * Flora of Australia
- * Fauna of Australia
- ** Birds of Australia
- ** Mammals of Australia
Geographic features
- Islands of Australia
- Lakes of Australia
- Mountains of Australia
- * Volcanoes in Australia
- Rivers of Australia
- Valleys of Australia
- Waterfalls of Australia
- World Heritage Sites in Australia
Regions
Multi-state regions
- Barkly Tableland
- Capital Country
- Eastern states of Australia
- East Coast of Australia
- Lake Eyre basin
- Murray–Darling basin
- Northern Australia
- The Nullarbor
- Outback
- Southern Australia
Administrative divisions
States and territories of AustraliaStates
Mainland territories
- Australian Capital Territory
- Northern Territory
- Jervis Bay Territory
External territories
- Ashmore and Cartier Islands
- Australian Antarctic Territory
- Norfolk Island
- Christmas Island
- Cocos (Keeling) Islands
- Coral Sea Islands Territory
- Heard and McDonald Islands
Municipalities
Demography
| State/territory | Land area | Rank | Population | Rank | Population density | Rank | % of population in capital | Rank |
| New South Wales | 800,642 | 5th | 7,348,900 | 1st | 9.18 | 3rd | 63.5% | 5th |
| Victoria | 227,416 | 6th | 5,679,600 | 2nd | 24.97 | 2nd | 74.8% | 4th |
| Queensland | 1,730,648 | 2nd | 4,610,900 | 3rd | 2.66 | 5th | 47.5% | 7th |
| Western Australia | 2,529,875 | 1st | 2,472,700 | 4th | 0.98 | 7th | 76.7% | 3rd |
| South Australia | 983,482 | 4th | 1,662,200 | 5th | 1.69 | 6th | 76.8% | 2nd |
| Tasmania | 68,401 | 7th | 512,400 | 6th | 7.49 | 4th | 42.3% | 8th |
| Australian Capital Territory | 2,358 | 8th | 379,600 | 7th | 160.98 | 1st | 98.7% | 1st |
| Northern Territory | 1,349,129 | 3rd | 236,900 | 8th | 0.18 | 8th | 55.6% | 6th |
List all suburbs in Australia
- List of Adelaide suburbs
- List of Adelaide obsolete suburb names
- List of Albany suburbs
- List of Brisbane suburbs
- List of Bunbury suburbs
- List of Canberra suburbs
- List of Central Coast, New South Wales suburbs
- List of Darwin suburbs
- List of Gold Coast suburbs
- List of Hobart suburbsList of Karratha suburbsList of Mackay suburbs
- List of Mandurah suburbs
- List of Melbourne suburbs
- List of suburbs in Greater Newcastle, New South Wales
- List of Perth suburbs
- List of Rockhampton suburbs
- List of Sunshine Coast Region suburbs
- List of Sydney suburbs
- Suburbs of Thuringowa City
- List of Townsville suburbs
- List of Wagga Wagga suburbs and localities
- Western suburbs (Melbourne)
- List of Wollongong suburbs
Government and politics
- Form of government: Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
- Capital of Australia: Canberra
- Far-right politics in Australia
- [List of Australian (disambiguation)|Australian political controversies|Political scandals of Australia]
- Socialism in Australia
- Republicanism in Australia
- Taxation in Australia
Elections in Australia
Elections in Australia- Section 44 of the Constitution of Australia
- 1901 – 1972 – 1974 – 1975 – 1977 – 1980 – 1983 – 1984 – 1987 – 1990 – 1993 – 1996 – 1998 – 2001 – 2004 – 2007 – 2010 – 2013 – 2016 – 2019 – 2022 – 2025
- Australian electoral system
- * Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918
- * Australian Electoral Commission
- * Compulsory voting
- * Preferential voting
- * Electorates of the Australian House of Representatives
- Divisions of the Australian House of Representatives
Political parties in Australia
List of political parties in AustraliaFederal parties
Current major parties/groupings (May 2025):
- Australian Labor Party
- Liberal Party of Australia
- National Party of Australia
- Coalition (Australia)
Minor parties/groupings:
- Australian Greens
- Centre Alliance
- Australia's Voice
- Katter's Australian Party
- Teal independents
- Independent politicians in Australia
State/territory parties
Queensland
- Liberal National Party of Queensland
- Queensland Labor Party
Northern Territory
- Country Liberal Party
Federal government of Australia
Government of AustraliaExecutive branch
- Head of state: King of Australia
- * Head of state's representative: Governor-General
- Head of government: Prime Minister of Australia
- Cabinet of Australia
- * Second Albanese ministry
- * List of Australian ministries
- Federal Executive Council
Legislative branch
- Parliament of Australia
- * Australian monarch
- * Australian Senate
- ** President of the Australian Senate
- * Australian House of Representatives
- ** Speaker of the House of Representatives
- ** Opposition Leader
- * Leader of the Opposition
- ** Sussan Ley
Judicial branch
Judiciary of AustraliaMilitary
Australian Defence Force- Command
- * Commander-in-chief: Governor-General as the King's representative.
- ** Minister for Defence of Australia
- Forces
- * Army of Australia: Australian Army
- * Navy of Australia: Royal Australian Navy
- * Air force of Australia: Royal Australian Air Force
- * Special forces of Australia
- Military history of Australia
- Australian Defence Force ranks
Foreign relations
- ANZUS
- Australia–United States relations
- Australia–New Zealand relations
- Australia–Indonesia relations
- Australia–China relations
- Australia–Japan relations
- Anglo-Australian relations
- Australia and the United Nations
International organisation membership
The Commonwealth of Australia is a member of the:- Asian Development Bank
- Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
- Association of Southeast Asian Nations
- Association of Southeast Asian Nations Regional Forum
- Australia Group
- Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty
- Bank for International Settlements
- Colombo Plan
- Commonwealth of Nations
- East Asia Summit
- European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
- Food and Agriculture Organization
- Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors
- Informal social partnership
- International Atomic Energy Agency
- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
- International Chamber of Commerce
- International Civil Aviation Organization
- International Criminal Court
- International Criminal Police Organization
- International Development Association
- International Energy Agency
- International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
- International Finance Corporation
- International Hydrographic Organization
- International Labour Organization
- International Maritime Organization
- International Mobile Satellite Organization
- International Monetary Fund
- International Olympic Committee
- International Organization for Migration
- International Organization for Standardization
- International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
- International Telecommunication Union
- International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
- International Trade Union Confederation
- Inter-Parliamentary Union
- Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
- Non-Aligned Movement
- Nuclear Energy Agency
- Nuclear Suppliers Group
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
- The Pacific Community
- Pacific Islands Forum
- Paris Club
- Permanent Court of Arbitration
- South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
- South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Co-operation Agreement
- United Nations
- United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
- United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
- United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- United Nations Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste
- United Nations Mission in the Sudan
- United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
- United Nations Truce Supervision Organization
- Universal Postal Union
- World Customs Organization
- World Federation of Trade Unions
- World Health Organization
- World Intellectual Property Organization
- World Meteorological Organization
- World Tourism Organization
- World Trade Organization
- World Veterans Federation
- Zangger Committee
Law and order
Law of Australia- Citizenship
- Cannabis in Australia
- Constitution of Australia
- Crime in Australia
- Human rights in Australia
- LGBTQ rights in Australia
- Referendums in Australia
- * 2023 Australian Indigenous Voice referendum
Law enforcement in Australia
Law enforcement in Australia- National law enforcement agencies
- * Australian Border Force
- * Australian Federal Police
- * Australian Competition & Consumer Commission
- * Australian Crime Commission
- * Australian Securities & Investments Commission
- * Australian Taxation Office
- Regional law enforcement agencies – the following policing agencies are regulated by their respective State or Territory Government and are highly visible:
- * Australian Capital Territory Police
- * New South Wales Police Force
- * Northern Territory Police
- * Queensland Police Service
- * South Australia Police
- * Tasmania Police
- * Victoria Police
- * Western Australia Police
State and territory governments
The states of Australia are governed by Premiers, and the territories are governed by Chief Ministers.- Governors of the Australian states
- Parliaments of the Australian states and territories
- Premiers of the Australian states
- Government of New South Wales
- Government of Queensland
- Government of South Australia
- Government of Tasmania
- Government of Victoria
- Government of Western Australia
- Government of the Australian Capital Territory
- Government of the Northern Territory
Local government
History
- Prehistory of Australia
- Australian archaeology
- European exploration of Australia
- History of Australia (1788–1850)
- History of Australia (1851–1900)
- History of Australia (1901–1945)
- * Australian Federation
- * Australia in World War I
- * Australia in World War II
- * Stolen Generations
- History of Australia since 1945
- Constitutional history of Australia
- Immigration history of Australia
- Postage stamps and postal history of Australia
History of states
- History of New South Wales
- History of the Northern Territory
- History of Queensland
- History of South Australia
- History of Tasmania
- History of Victoria
- History of Western Australia
Culture
Culture of Australia- Architecture of Australia
- *Architecture of Western Australia
- *Australian architectural styles
- Australian art
- *Indigenous Australian art
- Cinema of Australia
- Australian cuisine
- Dance in Australia
- Festivals in Australia
- Australian folklore
- Humour in Australia
- Languages of Australia
- *Australian Aboriginal languages
- *Australian Aboriginal English
- * Australian English
- Australian literature
- Media of Australia
- * Television in Australia
- * Cinema of Australia
- Music of Australia
- * Australian music charts
- * Australian country music
- * Australian hip hop
- * Australian jazz
- * Australian rock
- * Indigenous Australian music
- * Music of immigrant communities in Australia
- National symbols of Australia
- * Coat of arms of Australia
- * Flag of Australia
- * National anthems:
- ** Official national anthem: Advance Australia Fair
- ** Royal anthem: God Save the King
- People of Australia
- * Australian diaspora
- * Australian of the Year
- Prostitution in Australia
- Public holidays in Australia
- World Heritage Sites in Australia
- Theatre of Australia
Economy and infrastructure
Economy of Australia- Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2025): 14th
- Agriculture in Australia
- Telecommunications in Australia
- * Internet in Australia
- Reserve Bank of Australia
- * List of pizzerias in Australia
- * List of restaurant chains in Australia
- Currency of Australia: Dollar
- * ISO 4217: AUD
- Economic history of Australia
- Energy in Australia
- * Energy in Australia
- * Energy policy of Australia
- ** Effects of global warming on Australia
- ** Garnaut Climate Change Review
- * Coal in Australia
- * Carbon capture and storage in Australia
- * Geothermal power in Australia
- * Solar power in Australia
- * Wind power in Australia
- Health care in Australia
- Median household income in Australia and New Zealand
- Mining in Australia
- * Coal mining in Australia
- Australian Securities Exchange
- Tourism in Australia
- * Visa policy of Australia
- Transport in Australia
- * Airports in Australia
- * Rail transport in Australia
- * Road transport in Australia
- * Tunnels in Australia
- Water supply and sanitation in Australia
State economies
- Economy of New South Wales
- Economy of Queensland
- Economy of South Australia
- Economy of Tasmania
- Economy of Victoria
- Economy of Western Australia
Education
- Homeschooling and distance education in Australia
- Public and private education in Australia
- Universities in Australia
- * Group of Eight
States education
- Education in New South Wales
- Education in Queensland
- Education in South Australia
- Education in Tasmania
- Education in Victoria
- Education in Western Australia
- Education in the Australian Capital Territory
Religion and belief systems in Australia
- Australian Aboriginal religion and mythology
- Irreligion in Australia
- Religion in Australia
- * Buddhism in Australia
- * Christianity in Australia
- ** Catholicism in Australia
- ** Protestantism in Australia
- * Hinduism in Australia
- * Islam in Australia
- * Judaism in Australia
- ** History of the Jews in Australia
- * Sikhism in Australia
Sport
Sport in Australia- Australia at the Olympics
- Australia at the Commonwealth Games
- Football in Australia
- * Soccer in Australia
- * Australian rules football in Australia
- * Rugby union in Australia
- * Rugby league in Australia
- Basketball in Australia
- Cricket in Australia
- Field hockey in Australia
- Golf in Australia
- Motorsport in Australia
- Netball in Australia
- Pickleball in Australia
- Skiing in Australia
- Swimming in Australia
- * Swimming Australia
- * List of Australian records in swimming
- * Women's swimming in Australia
- Tennis in Australia
- Australian horse racing
- Winter sport in Australia