List of extinct languages of North America

This article is a list of languages and dialects that have no native speakers, no spoken descendants, and that diverged from their parent language in North America. Most of these languages are languages of former Native American tribes.
There are 219 Indigenous, 2 Creole, 3 European, 5 Sign and 13 Pidgin languages listed. In total 242 languages.

Canada

Indigenous languages

European language dialects

Language or dialect name	Dialect parent language	Language family	Extinction date	Notes	References
Newfoundland Irish	Irish	Indo-European	20th century

Pidgin languages

Language name	Pidgin parent language	Extinction date	Notes	References
Algonquian–Basque pidgin	Basque, Algonquian	approx. 1711
Haida Jargon	Haida	1830s
Inuktitut-English Pidgin	Inuktitut, English	1960s
Labrador Inuit Pidgin French	French, Inuktitut	18th century
Nootka Jargon	Nuu-chah-nulth
Slavey Jargon	Slavey, French	19th century

Indigenous languages

Language name	Language family	Extinction date	Locations	References
Caquetio	Arawakan	1862	ABC islands (Leeward Antilles)
Ciguayo	unclassified	16th century	Hispaniola
Guanahatabey	unclassified	16th century	Cuba
Kalinago/Island Carib/Iñeri	Arawakan	1920s	Windward Islands
Macorix	unclassified	16th century	Hispaniola
Shebayo	Arawakan	19th century	Trinidad
Taíno	Arawakan	19th century	Widespread throughout Caribbean
Yao	Cariban	17th century	Trinidad, French Guiana

Indigenous languages

Language name	Language family	Extinction date	Locations	References
Alagüilac	unclassified	before 16th century	Guatemala
Cacaopera	Misumalpan	20th century	El Salvador
Chiquimulilla	Xincan	1996	Guatemala
Chʼoltiʼ	Mayan	late 18th century	Guatemala, Belize
Corobicí	Chibchan		Costa Rica
Cueva	unclassified	by 1535	Panama
Dorasque	Chibchan		Panama
Huetar	Chibchan	17th century	Costa Rica
Guazacapán	Xincan	1997	Guatemala
Jumaytepeque	Xincan	1997	Guatemala
Honduran Lenca	Lencan	20th century	Honduras, El Salvador
Mangue/Chorotega	Oto-Manguean	19th century	Nicaragua, Honduras, and Costa Rica
Matagalpa	Misumalpan	1997	Nicaragua
Sinacantán	Xincan	20th century	Guatemala
Subtiaba	Oto-Manguean	20th century	Nicaragua
Voto	Chibchan		Costa Rica
Western Jicaque	Jicaquean	late 19th centuery	Honduras
Yupiltepeque	Xincan	1920s	Guatemala

European language dialects

Language name	Language family	Extinction date	Notes	References
Greenlandic Norse	North Germanic	late 15th or early 16th century

Pidgin languages

Language name	Pidgin parent language	Extinction date	Notes	References
West Greenlandic Pidgin	Greenlandic	19th century

Indigenous languages

Language or dialect name	Dialect parent language	Language family	Extinction date	Notes	References
Acaxee		Uto-Aztecan	17–18th century
Cabil		Mayan		May be Chicomuceltec
Cazcan/Caxcan/Kaskán		Uto-Aztecan	16th or 17th century
Chiapanec		Oto-Manguean	20th century
Chicomuceltec		Mayan	1970s or 1980s
Chontal of Guerrero		unclassified			-
Chumbia		unclassified			-
Cochimí		Yuman–Cochimí	early 20th century
Comecrudo		Comecrudan	19th century
Cuitlatec/Cuitlateco		Language isolate	1960s
Classical Náhuatl	Nahuatl	Uto-Aztecan	late 16th century	used as the lingua franca of the Aztec Empire until its collapse	-
Eudeve		Uto-Aztecan	1930s
Mamulique		Comecrudan	19th century
Maratino		unclassified
Monqui		unclassified
Naolan		unclassified	1950s
Otomi (Jalisco)		unclassified
Quinigua		unclassified
Southern Pame	Pame	Oto-Manguean	mid 20th century
Pericú		unclassified	before 1800
Pochutec		Uto-Aztecan	20th century
Solteco Zapotec	Zapotec	Oto-Manguean	19th century
Tapachultec		Mixe–Zoque	1930s
Teojomulco Chatino	Chatino	Oto-Manguean	early 20th century
Tepecano		Uto-Aztecan	20th century
Tequistlatec		Tequistlatecan
Tubar		Uto-Aztecan	20th century
Waikuri		unclassified	before 1800
Xixime		Uto-Aztecan	17–18th century
Zapotec (Jalisco)		unclassified

Creole languages

Language name	Creole parent language	Extinction date	References
Negerhollands	Dutch creole, Danish, English, French, Spanish, and African	1987

Indigenous languages

Language or dialect name	Dialect parent language	Language family	Extinction date	Notes	References
Eastern Abnaki dialect	Abnaki language	Algic	1993
Wyandot		Iroquoian	1972	Revival attempts underway by the Wyandotte Nation (United States) and Huron-Wendat Nation (Canada)
Tsetsaut		Na-Dene	early 1930s

Pidgin languages

Language name	Pidgin parent language	Extinction date	Notes	References
Eskimo Trade Jargon	Iñupiaq	20th century

Indigenous languages

Language or dialect name	Language family	Extinction date	Notes	References
Amotomanco	unclassified
Cotoname	Language isolate	20th century
Garza	Comecrudan	19th century
Ópata	Uto-Aztecan	20th century	Revival attempts underway among Opata people
Solano	unclassified	18th century