List of Uralic languages


Uralic is a language family whose languages are spoken in Central Europe, Northern Europe, Eastern Europe, and northern Asia, in the countries of Finland, Estonia and Hungary. In other countries Uralic languages are spoken by a minority of the population, these languages are spoken in northern Norway, in northern Sweden, and in Russia. In Latvia, in some of the far-northern coastal areas of Courland region, a dead Uralic language was spoken: Livonian.
Uralic languages are spoken by about 25 million people. The main Uralic languages in number of speakers are Hungarian, Finnish and Estonian, that are also national and official languages of sovereign states.

Ancestral

Samoyedic">Samoyedic languages">Samoyedic

Ob-Ugric">Ob-Ugric languages">Ob-Ugric

Magyar">Magyar language">Magyar

Permic">Permic languages">Permic

  • Proto-Permic
  • *Udmurt
  • **Southern Udmurt
  • **Northern Udmurt '
  • **Besermyan '
  • *Komi
  • **Komi-Permyak
  • ***Southern
  • ****/v/ type
  • *****Kudymkar-Inva
  • *****Lower Inva
  • ****Southern
  • *****On
  • *****Nerdva
  • ***Northern
  • ****/l/ type
  • *****Upper Lupya
  • *****Mysy '
  • *****Kosa-Kama
  • *****Kochevo
  • *****Zyuzdino '
  • *****Yazva
  • **Komi-Yodzyak
  • **Komi-Zyryan
  • ***Old Komi '
  • ***Syktyvkar
  • ***Lower Vychegda
  • ***Central Vychegda
  • ***Luza-Letka
  • ***Upper Sysola
  • ***Upper Vychegda
  • ***Pechora
  • ***Izhma '
  • ***Vym
  • ***''Udora''

Mari">Mari language">Mari

  • Proto-Mari
  • *Mari
  • **[Meadow Mari language|Mari language|Eastern-Meadow Mari]
  • ***Eastern Mari
  • ***Meadow Mari
  • ****Meadow Mari Proper
  • ****Sernur-Morkin
  • ****Volga
  • ****Yoshkar-Olin
  • **Transitional Meadow Mari-Hill Mari
  • ***Northwestern Mari
  • ****Yaransk dialect '
  • *****Kiknur subdialect
  • *****Tuzha subdialect
  • *****Sanchursk subdialect
  • ****Tonshaevo dialect
  • ****Lipsha dialect
  • ****Sharanga dialect
  • **Hill Mari / Western Mari'
  • ***Kozymodemyan
  • ***Yaran''

Mordvinic">Mordvinic languages">Mordvinic

  • Proto-Mordvinic
  • *Erzya
  • **Central group '
  • **Western group '
  • **Northern group '
  • **Southeastern group '
  • **Shoksha '
  • *Moksha
  • **Central group '
  • **Western group ''''
  • **South-Eastern group ''''

Finnic">Finnic languages">Finnic

Sami">Sami languages">Sami

Unclassified extinct languages

Uralic languages whose relationship to other languages in the family is unclear:

External classification

Sauvageot, Aurélien. 1930. Recherches sur le vocabulaire des langues ouralo-altaïques. Paris.

Linguistic issues

Künnap, A. 2000. Contact-induced Perspectives in Uralic Linguistics. LINCOM Studies in Asian Linguistics 39. München: LINCOM Europa..Wickman, Bo. 1955. The Form of the Object in the Uralic Languages. Uppsala: Lundequistska bokhandeln.