Haplogroup D (mtDNA)
In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup D is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.
It is a descendant haplogroup of haplogroup M, thought to have arisen somewhere in East Asia, between roughly 60,000 and 35,000 years ago.
In contemporary populations, it is found especially in Central and Northeast Asia.
Haplogroup D is one of five main haplogroups found in the indigenous peoples of the Americas, the others being A, B, C, and X. Among the Nepalese population, haplogroup D is the most dominant maternal lineage in Tamang and Magar.
Subclades
There are two principal branches, D4 and D5'6. D1, D2 and D3 are subclades of D4.D4
D1 is a basal branch of D4 that is widespread and diverse in the Americas.Subclades D4b1, D4e1, and D4h are found both in Asia and in the Americas and are thus of special interest for the settlement of the Americas.
D2, which occurs with high frequency in some arctic and subarctic populations, is a subclade of D4e1 parallel to D4e1a and D4e1c.
D3, which has been found mainly in some Siberian populations and in Inuit of Canada and Greenland, is a branch of D4b1c.
D4 : The subclade D4 is the most frequently occurring mtDNA haplogroup among modern populations of northern East Asia, such as Japanese, Okinawans, Koreans, northern Han Chinese, and some Mongolic- or Tungusic-speaking populations of the Hulunbuir region, such as Barghuts in Hulun Buir Aimak, Mongols and Evenks in New Barag Left Banner, and Oroqens in Oroqen Autonomous Banner. D4 is also the most common haplogroup among the Oroks of Sakhalin, the Buryats and Khamnigans of the Buryat Republic, the Kalmyks of the Kalmyk Republic, the Telenghits and Kazakhs of the Altai Republic, and the Kyrgyz of [Kizilsu Kyrgyz people|Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture|Kyzylsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture]. It also predominates among published samples of Paleo-Indians and individuals whose remains have been recovered from Chertovy Vorota Cave. Spread also all over China, the Himalayas, Central Asia, Siberia, and indigenous peoples of the Americas, with some cases observed in Southeast Asia, Southwest Asia, and Europe. Khattak and Kheshgi in Peshawar Valley, Pakistan
- D4* - China, Mongol from Heilongjiang and Hebei, Korea, Japan, Thailand, USA, Russia, Georgia, Iraq, Turkey, Greece
- D1 – America
- *D1a – Colombia
- **D1a1 – Brazil
- **D1a2 – Guaraní
- *D1b – United States, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico
- *D1c – United States, Mexican
- *D1d
- **D1d1 – United States, Mexican
- **D1d2 – Mexican
- *D1e – Brazil
- *D1f – Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Mexican, USA
- **D1f1 – Venezuela, Brazil, Tiriyó, Waiwai, Katuena
- **D1f2 – Colombia
- **D1f3 – Mexico, USA
- *D1g – Southern Cone of South America
- **D1g1
- ***D1g1a
- ***D1g1b
- **D1g2
- ***D1g2a
- **D1g3
- **D1g4
- **D1g5
- **D1g6
- *D1h
- **D1h1 – Mexican
- **D1h2 – Mexican
- *D1i – Peru, Mexican, United States
- **D1i1 – Mexican
- **D1i2 – Mexican
- *D1j – Southern Cone of South America
- **D1j1
- ***D1j1a
- ****D1j1a1 – Argentina
- ****D1j1a2
- *D1k – Peru, Mexican, United States
- *D1m – Mexican
- *D1n – United States, Mexico
- *D1r – Peru
- *D1u
- **D1u1 – Peru
- D4a – China, Mongol from Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang, Northern Thailand, Laos, Japan, Korea, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Mongolia
- *D4a1 – Japan, Korea, Negidal, Ulchi
- **D4a1a – Japan
- ***D4a1a1 – Japan, Korea
- ****D4a1a1a – Japan
- **D4a1b – Japan, Korea
- ***D4a1b1 – Japan
- **D4a1c – Japan, Korea
- **D4a1d – Japan
- **D4a1e – Mainland China, Taiwan, Dirang Monpa, Mongol from Shandong, Yakut
- ***D4a1e1 – Japan, Uyghurs
- **D4a1f – Japan
- ***D4a1f1 – Japan
- **D4a1g – China, Bargut
- **D4a1h – Japan
- *D4a2 – Japan, Korea
- **D4a2a – Japan, Korea
- **D4a2b – Japan
- *D4a3 Mongol from Tongliao
- **D4a3a
- ***D4a3a* – found exclusively in Koreans, parts of Northeast China at low frequency
- ***D4a3a1 – primarily found in Koreans, low frequency in Northern China
- ***D4a3a2 – Japan, South Korea
- **D4a3b
- ***D4a3b* – China, Mongol from Shenyang
- ***D4a3b1 – Japan, Korea, China(Korean from Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, China, Pakistan
- ***D4a3b2 – Mainland China, Taiwan
- *D4a4 – Japan
- *D4a5 - Myanmar, China
- *D4a6 - China, Mauritius
- D4a-b
- *D4a-b* – China
- **D4a7
- ***D4a7* – China
- ****D4a7a
- *****D4a7a* – Taiwan
- ******D4a7a1 – Taiwan
- ****D4a7b
- *****D4a7b* – Vietnam
- ******D4a7b1 – China, Taiwan, Vietnam Singapore
- *D4a8 – China
- D4b – Thailand
- *D4b1
- **D4b1* – Russia, Kyrgyzstan, China
- **D4b1a
- ***D4b1a* – China, South Korea, Thailand
- ***D4b1a1 – South Korea, Japan
- ****D4b1a1a – South Korea, Japan, Kyrgyzstan
- ***D4b1a2 – Yukaghir, Neolithic Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug
- ****D4b1a2a
- *****D4b1a2a* – Hungary, Khamnigan, Han
- *****D4b1a2a1 – China, Mongol, Kazakhstan, Karakalpak, Azeri, Turkey, Poland, Russia, Inuit, Canada, Native American
- *****D4b1a2a2 – Buryat, Todzhins, Tuvan
- **D4b1b'd
- ***D4b1b - Mainland China, Taiwan
- ****D4b1b1 – Japan
- *****D4b1b1a – Japan
- ******D4b1b1a1 – Japan
- ****D4b1b2 – Japan, China
- ***D4b1d – China
- **D4b1c
- ***D3 – Oroqen, Buryat, Barghut, Yukaghir, Even, Evenk, Yakut, Dolgan, Nganasan, Inuit
- ****D3* – Buryat, Yakut, Yukaghir, Nganasan, Even, Evenk, Oroqen, Mansi
- ****D3a – Bargut, Buryat, Evenk
- ****D3b – Oroqen
- ****D3c
- *****D3c* – Buryat
- *****D3c1
- ******D3c1* – Nganasan
- ******D3c1a
- *******D3c1a1
- ********D3c1a1a – Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug, Bargut
- ********D3c1a1b – Italy
- *******D3c1a2 – Ust'-Dolgoe site of Glazkovo culture, Onnyos burial near Amga River
- ****D3d – Even
- ****D3e – Even
- *D4b2 – Japan, specimen from 4256–4071 cal YBP Yokohama, China, Thailand, India
- **D4b2a – Japan
- ***D4b2a1 – Japan, China
- ***D4b2a2 – Japan, Korea
- ****D4b2a2a – Japan, Kyrgyzstan
- *****D4b2a2a1 – Japan, South Korea, China
- *****D4b2a2a2 – Japan
- ****D4b2a2b – Japan
- **D4b2b – China, South Korea, Japan, Thailand, Saudi Arabia
- ***D4b2b1 – Japan, Korea, Buryat, Mongol from Tongliao, Uyghur, Persian
- ****D4b2b1a – Japan
- ****D4b2b1b – Japan
- ****D4b2b1c – Japan
- ****D4b2b1d – Japan
- ***D4b2b2 – China, Taiwan
- ****D4b2b2a – Mainland China, Taiwan, Vietnam
- *****D4b2b2a1 – Japan, Russia
- ****D4b2b2b – Russia, China, South Korea
- ****D4b2b2c – China, Buryat
- ***D4b2b3 – Japan
- ***D4b2b4 – Northeast India, China, Russia
- ***D4b2b5 – Barguts, Buryat, Tibet, Taiwan
- ***D4b2b6 – Chinese, Korea, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Armenian
- ***D4b2b7 – Mainland China, Taiwan
- ***D4b2b8 – Uyghur
- ***D4b2b9
- ****D4b2b9* – China, Xibo
- ****D4b2b9a
- *****D4b2b9a* – Buryat
- *****D4b2b9a1 – China
- **D4b2c
- **D4b2d – Inner Mongolia
- D4c
- *D4c1 – Uyghur
- **D4c1a – Japan, Korea
- ***D4c1a1 – Japan, Tashkurgan
- **D4c1b – Japan, Inner Mongolia
- ***D4c1b1 – Japan, Tibet
- ***D4c1b2 – Japan
- *D4c2 – Turkmenistan, Mongol from Chifeng
- **D4c2a – Uyghur, Russian Federation
- ***D4c2a1 – Uyghur, Buryat, Bargut, Khamnigan, Ulchi
- **D4c2b – Yakut, Buryat, Bargut, Daur, Even, Uyghur, Kyrgyz, Kazakhstan, Turk, Russian, Ukraine
- **D4c2c – Japan
- D4d – Japan, Korea
- D4e
- *D4e1 – Taiwan, Czech Republic, Austrian, Finland, USA
- **D4e1a – Thailand, Moken, Urak Lawoi, China, Tibet, Uyghur, Korea, Japan
- ***D4e1a1 – Japan, Chinese
- ***D4e1a2 – Thailand, Sonowal Kachari
- ****D4e1a2a – Japan, Korea
- ***D4e1a3 – China, Thailand, Vietnam
- **D2 – Uyghur, Mongol from Jilin and Chaoyang
- ***D2a'b
- ****D2a – Aleut, Tlingit
- *****D2a1 – Saqqaq, ancient Canada
- ******D2a1a – Aleut
- ******D2a1b – Siberian Eskimo
- *****D2a2 – Chukchi, Eskimo
- ****D2b – Yukaghir, Even, Mongol from Hulunbuir
- *****D2b1 – China, Tibet, Kazakhstan, Kalmyk, Belarus
- ******D2b1a – Buryat, Yakut, Khamnigan, Evenk
- *****D2b2 – Evenk, Bargut
- ***D2c – Buryat
- **D4e1c – Mexican
- *D4e2 – Japan, Korea, USA
- **D4e2a – Japan, Korea
- **D4e2b – Japan
- **D4e2c – Japan
- **D4e2d – Japan
- *D4e3 – Northeast Thailand, China, Mongol from Shenyang and Tongliao, Lachungpa
- *D4e4 – Yakut, Ulchi, Bulgaria, Poland, Russian Federation
- **D4e4a – Evenk, Even, Uyghur
- ***D4e4a1 – Yukaghir, Evenk, Even, Mongol from Shenyang
- **D4e4b – Russian, Volga Tatar
- *D4e5
- **D4e5a - Xinjiang, Russia, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Japan
- **D4e5b - Orok, Even, Kyrgyz, Bashkortostan, Han Chinese, Mongol from Fuxin and Heilongjiang
- D4f – Shor
- *D4f1 – Japan, Korea, Mongol
- D4g
- *D4g* – Japan, Korea
- *D4g1 – Japan, Korea, Uyghur, Uzbekistan
- **D4g1a – Japan
- **D4g1b – Japan, Taiwan, Mongol from Xinjiang, Belarus
- **D4g1c – Japan
- *D4g2 – China, Mongols in China
- **D4g2a – Japan
- ***D4g2a1 – China, Thailand, Mongols in China, Buryat, Khamnigan
- ****D4g2a1a – Japan
- ****D4g2a1b – China, Thailand
- ****D4g2a1c – Thailand, China, Wancho, Jammu and Kashmir
- **D4g2b – China, Buryat
- ***D4g2b1 – Han Chinese, Ulchi
- ****D4g2b1a – Japan
- D4h
- *D4h* – Thailand, Philippines
- *D4h1
- **D4h1* – China
- **D4h1a - Korea, China
- ***D4h1a1 – Japan, Korea, China
- ***D4h1a2 – Japan, Korea, China
- **D4h1b
- ***D4h1b-G10398A - China, Kyrgyzstan
- ***D4h1b-A16241G - Japan
- **D4h1c – China, Tibet
- ***D4h1c1 – Japan, Korea, Mongol from Shenyang
- **D4h1d – Bargut
- *D4h2 – Ulchi
- *D4h3 – Thailand
- **D4h3a – South America, Mexico, USA, and Colombia.
- ***D4h3a1 – Chile
- ****D4h3a1a – Chile
- *****D4h3a1a1 – Chile
- *****D4h3a1a2 – Chile
- ***D4h3a2 – Chile, Argentina
- ***D4h3a3 – Chile
- ****D4h3a3a – Mexico, USA
- ***D4h3a4 – Peru
- ***D4h3a5 – Chile, Peru, Argentina
- ***D4h3a6 – Peru, Ecuador
- ***D4h3a7 – ancient Canada
- ***D4h3a8 – Mexico
- ***D4h3a9 – Peru
- **D4h3b – China
- *D4h4 – Uyghur, Tibet, Japan, Mongol
- **D4h4a – Kyrgyz, Buryat, Bargut
- D4i
- *D4i* – Japan, Uyghur, Israel
- *D4i1 – Japan
- *D4i2 – Uyghur, Yakut, Dolgan, Kazakh, Volga Tatar, Buryat, Bargut, Evenk, Even, Nanai, Yukaghir, Russia, Germany, England
- *D4i3
- **D4i3* – Nepal
- **D4i3a – Mainland China, Taiwan
- *D4i4 – Uyghur, Tibet, China, Vietnam
- *D4i5 – Japan
- D4j – Tibet, Uyghur, Kyrgyz, Altai, Teleut, Tuvan, Buryat, Mongols in China, Mainland China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Turkey, Italy, Czech Republic, Lithuania, Belarus
- *D4j1 – Thailand, Uyghur
- **D4j1a – Bargut, Buryat, Khamnigan
- ***D4j1a1 – Lepcha, Gallong, Lachungpa, Sherpa, Tibet, Lahu, Thailand, Kyrgyz, Uyghur, Buryat, Bargut, Khamnigan
- ****D4j1a1a – Gallong, Tibet
- ****D4j1a1b – Toto
- ***D4j1a2 – Tibet, Ladakh
- **D4j1b – Tibet, Wancho, Nepal, Thailand, Kyrgyz
- ***D4j1b2 – Gallong
- *D4j2 – Lithuania, ancient Scythian, Yakut, Dolgan
- **D4j2a – Mansi, Ket, Yakut
- *D4j-T16311C! – Italy, Ukraine, Lithuania
- **D4j3 – Russian Federation, Uyghur, Tibet, Mongol, Japan, Thailand
- ***D4j3a – China, Inner Mongolia, Ulchi
- ****D4j3a1 – Japan
- ***D4j3b - Thailand, Tibet, Uyghur
- **D4j11 – Japan, Inner Mongolia, Buryat, Hungary, Italy
- *D4j4 – Nganasan, Even, Evenk
- **D4j4a – Evenk, Even, Ulchi, Buryat, Yakut
- *D4j5 – Italy, Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Iran, Uyghur, Kyrgyz, Inner Mongolia, Buryat, Yakut, Yukaghir, Even, Evenk
- *D4j-T146C!
- **D4j6 – China, Buryat, Dirang Monpa
- **D4j13 – Volga Tatar, Kyrgyz, Uyghur, Sherpa
- *D4j7 – Tubalar, Mongol
- **D4j7a – Buryat, Bargut
- *D4j8 – China, Bargut, Buryat, Evenk, Yakut, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Uyghur, Poland, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Croatia, Austria, Scotland, Argentina
- *D4j9 – Bargut, Buryat, Khamnigan, Tuvan
- *D4j10 – Tubalar, Buryat, Bargut, Khamnigan, Kazakhstan, Turk
- *D4j12 – Bargut, Buryat, Uyghur, Tatarstan, Belarus, Poland, Italy
- *D4j14 – Japan
- *D4j15 – China, Tibet, Mongols in China, Kazakhstan
- *D4j16 – China
- D4k'o'p
- *D4k – Japan, Korea, China, Uyghur, Kyrgyzstan, Lithuanians
- *D4o – Teleut, Uyghur, Buryat
- **D4o1
- ***D4o1* – Uyghur, Tubalar
- ***D4o1a – Japan, Buryat
- ***D4o1b – Kyrgyz, Chelkan, Teleut, Khamnigan, Buryat, Han Chinese
- **D4o2 – Bargut, Yakut, Evenk, Even, Koryak, Ulchi, China
- ***D4o2* – Mongols in China
- ***D4o2a – Manchu
- ****D4o2a* – Uyghur, Yakut, Nganasan, Evenk, Even, Koryak
- ****D4o2a1 – Negidal, Hezhen, Uyghur, China
- ****D4o2a2 – Yakut, Uyghur, ancient Yana River basin
- ****D4o2a3 – Bargut, Buryat
- *D4p
- **D4p* – Altaian, Buryat
- **D4p1 – Japan
- **D4p2 – Buryat
- D4l
- *D4l1
- **D4l1a – Japan
- ***D4l1a1 – Japan
- **D4l1b – Bargut, Uyghur
- *D4l2 – Evenk, Yakut, Uyghur, Kazakh
- **D4l2a – Even, Yukaghir, Mongol
- ***D4l2a1 – Even, Evenk, Yakut, Yukaghir
- ***D4l2a2 – Evenk, Negidal, Yukaghir
- **D4l2b – China, Tibet
- D4m
- *D4m* – Tubalar
- *D4m1 – Japan
- *D4m2 – Mongolia, Mongols in China, South Korea
- **D4m2a – Nivkh, Ulchi, Yakut, Buryat, Evenk, Even, Yukaghir, South Korea, Japan, Austria
- ***D4m2a* – Nivkh, Daur
- ***D4m2a1
- ****D4m2a1* – Evenk
- ****D4m2a1a – Evens, Yukaghir
- ***D4m2a2 – Nivkh
- ***D4m2a3 – Yakut
- ***D4m2a4 – Nivkh
- ***D4m2a5 - Nivkh
- ***D4m2a6 - HMSZper32
- ****D4m2a6a - Buryat, Khamnigan
- **D4m2b – Tuvinian, Daur, Barghut, Mongolia, Uyghur
- *D4m3 – Kyrgyz, Uyghur
- D4n
- *D4n* – Japan, Korea
- *D4n1
- **D4n1* – Japan
- **D4n1a – Japan
- *D4n2
- **D4n2a – China
- **D4n2b – Kyrgyz, Tibet, Bargut, Buryat
- D4q – Taiwan, China, Mongols in China, Kyrgyz, Tajiks, India, Germany, Poland, Netherlands, United States
- *D4q1 – Toto
- **D4q1a – Toto
- *D4q2 - Kyrgyz, India
- **D4q2a - Sherdukpen
- *D4q3 - Uyghur
- *D4q4 - Lhoba
- D4r – Thailand, Myanmar
- D4s
- *D4s1
- **D4s1* – Vietnam
- **D4s1a – Vietnam
- *D4s2 – Tashkurgan
- *D4s3 – Tibet, Uyghur, Tuvinian
- D4t – China, Korea, Japan
- D4u
- *D4u*
- *D4u1
- **D4u1* – Iran
- **D4u1a – Tashkurgan
- D4v – Thailand
- D4w – Japan, Tu
- D4x – Peru
- D4y – Vietnam
- D4z – China
D5'6
D5'6 is mainly found in East Asia and Southeast Asia, especially in China, Korea, and Japan.It does not appear to have participated in the migration to the Americas, and frequencies in Central, North, and South Asia are generally lower, although the D5a2a2 subclade is prevalent among the Yakuts, a Turkic-speaking group that migrated to Siberia in historical times under the pressure of the Mongol expansion.
- D5 - Taiwan
- *D5a'b - Korean, Tai Yuan in Northern Thailand
- **D5a - China, Korea, Japan, Buryat, Poland
- ***D5a1 - Japan
- ****D5a1a - Japan
- *****D5a1a1 - Japan
- *****D5a1a2 - Japan
- ***D5a2 - Gallong, Mongols in China, Korea
- ****D5a2a - Russia, Mongols in China, China, Japan
- *****D5a2a-T16092C - China, Korea
- ******D5a2a1 - Mongols in China, China, Tibet, Vietnam, Korea, Japan, Buryat, Tuvan, Kazakh
- *******D5-C16172T! - Burusho, Tubalar, Kumandin, Todzhi, Buryat, Wancho, Gallong, Monpa, Myanmar, Thailand, China, Taiwan
- ********D5a2a1a - Japan, China
- *********D5a2a1a1 - Japan
- **********D5a2a1a1a - Japan
- **********D5a2a1a1b - China, Poland
- *********D5a2a1a2 - Japan
- *******D5a2a1b - Sonowal Kachari, Gallong, China, Tibet, Kyrgyz, Mongols in China
- ********D5a2a1b1 - China, Taiwan
- ******D5a2a2 - Japan, Bargut, Buryat, Kyrgyz, Tibet, Yakut, Dolgan, Yukaghir, Evenk, Even
- ****D5a2b - Thailand, Vietnam, Tibet, China
- ***D5a3 - Tibet, Mongol, Korea, Japan
- ****D5a3a - Mongol, China, Tibet, Finland
- *****D5a3a1 - China, Uyghur, Ukraine
- ******D5a3a1a - Finland, Norway, Russia, Mansi
- ****D5a3b - China, Korea
- **D5b - Uyghur, China, Mongol
- ***D5b1
- ****D5b1* - China, Uyghur, Mongol
- ****D5b1a
- *****D5b1a1 - Japan, Korea, China
- *****D5b1a2 - Japan
- ****D5b1b
- *****D5b1b* - Japan, Korea, Mongol
- *****D5b1b1 - Japan, Korea, Uzbekistan
- *****D5b1b2
- ******D5b1b2* - Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Uyghur
- ******D5b1b2a - Uyghur
- ******D5b1b2b - Uyghur
- ******D5b1b2c - Kyrgyz
- *****D5b1b3 - Japan
- *****D5b1b4 - China
- ****D5b1c
- *****D5b1c* - China
- *****D5b1c1 - China, Mongol, Taiwan, Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam
- ******D5b1c1* - Taiwan
- ******D5b1c1a
- *******D5b1c1a* - Taiwan, Indonesia, Chinese
- *******D5b1c1a1 - Philippines
- *******D5b1c1a2 - Philippines
- ******D5b1c1b - China
- *****D5b1c2 - Uyghur
- ****D5b1d - Han Chinese, Mongol, Yakut
- ****D5b1e - China
- ****D5b1f - China
- ***D5b2 - Japan
- ***D5b3
- ****D5b3* - Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, Taiwan
- ****D5b3a - Taiwan
- *****D5b3a1 - Taiwan
- ****D5b3b - Thailand, Vietnam
- ***D5b4 - Thailand, Vietnam, Taiwan, China
- ***D5b5 - Uyghur
- *D5c
- **D5c1 - Japan, Han Chinese
- ***D5c1a - Japan, Taiwan, China, Mongol, Uyghur, Tubalar, Kumandin, Shor, Kyrgyzstan
- **D5c-T16311C! - Vietnam, Mongolian, China
- ***D5c2 - China, Japan
- D6
- *D6a - Philippines, East Timor
- **D6a1
- ***D6a1* - Tibet, China, Korea, Japan
- ***D6a1a - China, Japan
- **D6a2 - Taiwan, Philippines
- *D6c - China, Taiwan, Thailand
- **D6c1 - Philippines
- ***D6c1a - Philippines
Table of frequencies by ethnic group
| Population | Frequency | Count | Source | Subtypes |
| Ban Ravat | 1.000 | 38 | D4=38 | |
| Aleut | 1.000 | 36 | D2a1a=36 | |
| Orok | 0.689 | 61 | D=41, D5=1 | |
| Aleut | 0.656 | 163 | D2a1a=107 | |
| Tibetan | 0.550 | 40 | D=20, D5=2 | |
| Northern Paiute/Shoshoni | 0.479 | 94 | D=45 | |
| Uyghur | 0.438 | 16 | D=5, D4c=2 | |
| Oroqen | 0.432 | 44 | D=14, D5=3, D5a=2 | |
| Subba | 0.432 | 44 | D4=19 | |
| Japanese | 0.415 | 217 | D4a=24, D4b=21, D4=21, D4e=11, D5=10, D4g=2, D4j=1 | |
| Japanese | 0.414 | 256 | D4b=26, D4=24, D4a=19, D4e=16, D5=10, D4g=8, D4j=3 | |
| Japanese | 0.412 | 211 | D4=75, D5=10, D5a=1, D4b=1 | |
| Japanese | 0.411 | 282 | D4b=34, D4a=26, D4=24, D5=14, D4e=13, D4j=3, D4g=2 | |
| Northern Paiute | 0.408 | 98 | D=40 | |
| Japanese | 0.401 | 1928 | D4=705, D5=68 | |
| Japanese | 0.399 | 336 | D4a=31, D4b=30, D4=29, D4e=17, D4g=11, D5=10, D4j=4, D4g1=2 | |
| Korean | 0.398 | 103 | D4=33, D5=8 | |
| Mongol | 0.396 | 48 | D=16, D5=2, D5a=1 | |
| Dolgan | 0.390 | 154 | D4l2=35, D3=8, D4e4a1=5, D4b1=4, D4i2=2, D4j2=2, D4a=1, D2b1=1, D4m2=1, D5a2a2=1 | |
| Japanese | 0.389 | 672 | D4 =111, D4a=42, D4b=79, D5=30 | |
| Okinawa | 0.383 | 326 | D4a=28, D4b=23, D4e=21, D4=18, D4j=12, D4g=12, D5=7, D4g1=4 | |
| Tibetan | 0.375 | 24 | D=9 | |
| Korean | 0.364 | 261 | D4=36, D4b=20, D4a=18, D5=14, D=7 | |
| Japanese | 0.356 | 118 | D4=39, D5=3 | |
| Barghut | 0.356 | 149 | D4=47, D2=3, D3=2, D5=1 | |
| Buryat | 0.349 | 295 | D4=86?, D5=8, D3=7, D2=2 | |
| Buryat | 0.348 | 419 | D4=134, D5=9, D2=3 | |
| Korean | 0.342 | 1094 | D=374 | |
| Korean | 0.340 | 203 | D5=15, D4b=14, D4a=10, D4j=9, D4=8, D4e=7, D4g=6 | |
| Khamnigan | 0.333 | 99 | D4=25, D3=5, D5=2, D2=1 | |
| Korean | 0.333 | 51 | D4=11, D4a=3, D5=2, D=1 | |
| Korean | 0.333 | 48 | D=11, D5=5 | |
| Yakut | 0.329 | 164 | D5a2a2=28, D4i2=9, D4c2=5, D4o2=4, D4j5=3, D4b1=2, D4a=1, D4j8=1, D4l2=1 | |
| Korean | 0.326 | 850 | D4a=64, D4b1=6, D4b2=36, D4e1=9, D4e2=17, D4f1=18, D4g1=16, D4j=12, D4=49, D5=50 | |
| Korean | 0.324 | 185 | D4=44, D5=6, D5a=3, D4a=3, D4b=3, D=1 | |
| Yi | 0.323 | 31 | D=8, D5=2 | |
| Korean | 0.322 | 593 | D=7, D4=93, D4a=30, D4b=30, D5=31 | |
| Evenk | 0.319 | 47 | D=12, D5=2, D5a=1 | |
| Evenk | 0.301 | 73 | D4=13, D5=5, D3=4 | |
| Han | 0.300 | 40 | D4=5, D5=3, D5a=2, D4a=2 | |
| Japanese | 0.300 | 100 | D4=16, D4a=5, D4b2b=3, D5a=3, D4b1=1, D5=1, D5a2=1 | |
| Turkmen | 0.300 | 20 | D4c=5, D=1 | |
| Yakut | 0.299 | 117 | D=17, D5a=17, D5=1 | |
| Yakut | 0.297 | 111 | D5a2a2=20, D4i2=4, D4c2=2, D2b1=2, D4b1=1, D4e4a=1, D4j2=1, D4j4a=1, D4o2=1 | |
| Iu Mien | 0.296 | 27 | D=7, D5=1 | |
| Han | 0.292 | 137 | D4=29, D5a=6, D4a=5 | |
| Nganasan | 0.292 | 24 | D3=4, D=3 | |
| Kalmyk | 0.291 | 110 | D4=24, D5=6, D2=2 | |
| Nivkh | 0.286 | 56 | D=16 | |
| Tibetan | 0.286 | 35 | D=10 | |
| Daur | 0.282 | 209 | D4=42, D2b=1, D5=16, | |
| Evenk | 0.280 | 125 | D5a2a2=10, D4l2=8, D2b1=3, D4b1=2, D3=2, D4c2=2, D4e4a1=2, D4j4a=2, D4j5=2, D4j8=1, D4o2=1 | |
| Chinese | 0.275 | 160 | D5=16, D4=6, D4b=5, D4e=5, D4g=5, D4j=4, D6=2, D4a=1 | |
| Hani | 0.273 | 33 | D=6, D5=2, D5a=1 | |
| Lahu | 0.267 | 15 | D=4 | |
| Kazakh | 0.265 | 98 | D4=22, D5=4 | |
| Tubalar | 0.264 | 144 | D4b1a2a1=10, D4j=6, D4o=6, D4=9, D5c=7 | |
| Yakut | 0.257 | 148 | D5a2a2=9, D4e4a=6, D4j2=5, D4l2=4, D4i2=3, D5b1d=3, D4c2=2, D4j5=2, D3=1, D2b1=1, D4m2=1, D4o2=1 | |
| Nganasan | 0.256 | 39 | D3a1=7, D6=2, D4a=1 | |
| Han | 0.255 | 47 | D=9, D5a=2, D5=1 | |
| Kyrgyz | 0.255 | 47 | D=12 | |
| Nuu-Chah-Nulth | 0.255 | 102 | D=26 | |
| Han | 0.254 | 390 | D=53, D5=28, D4a=18 | |
| Manchurian | 0.250 | 40 | D4=8, D5=1, D5a=1 | |
| Even | 0.248 | 105 | D4c2=5, D4l2=5, D4i2=3, D4j5=3, D5a2a2=3, D4m2=2, D4a=1, D3=1, D2b1=1, D4j4=1, D4o2=1 | |
| Tubalar | 0.245 | 143 | D4=28, D5=7 | |
| Teleut | 0.245 | 53 | D4=12, D5=1 | |
| Daur | 0.244 | 45 | D=7, D5=2, D5a=2 | |
| Evenk | 0.244 | 45 | D3=6, D4=4, D2=1 | |
| Han | 0.243 | 1117 | D=271 | |
| Negidal | 0.242 | 33 | D=8 | |
| Aini | 0.240 | 50 | D=7, D5=3, D5a=2 | |
| Ainu | 0.235 | 51 | D=8, D5=4 | |
| Taiwanese | 0.231 | 91 | D5=11, D4a=5, D4b=2, D4=2, D4g=1 | |
| Mongolian | 0.230 | 370 | D2b=6, D4a=7, D4b=12, D4=34, D4j=19, D5a=6, D5b=1 | |
| Darjeeling | 0.227 | 66 | D4=13 D5=2 | |
| Gelao | 0.226 | 31 | D=6, D4b=1 | |
| Uzbek | 0.224 | 58 | D=11, D5=2 | |
| Yakut | 0.222 | 36 | D4=5, D2=1, D3=1, D5=1 | |
| Yukaghir | 0.222 | 18 | D5a1=3, D6=1 | |
| Tujia | 0.219 | 64 | D=9, D5a=4, D5=1 | |
| Ulchi | 0.218 | 87 | D=13, D1a=4, D3=2 | |
| Han | 0.215 | 121 | D4=15, D5=11 | |
| Vietnamese | 0.214 | 42 | D4=7, D5=1, D5a=1 | |
| Mongolian | 0.212 | 132 | D4=1, D4b=4, D4e=3, D4g=3, D4h=2, D4j=2, D4m=1, D4o=8, D5a=4 | |
| Evenk | 0.211 | 71 | D=13, D3=1, D5=1 | |
| Telengit | 0.211 | 71 | D4=15 | |
| Guoshan Yao | 0.208 | 24 | D=4, D5=1 | |
| Mongolian | 0.207 | 246 | D1j=1, D4a=5, D4b=3, D4c=10, D4e=3, D4=11, D4j=11, D5a=5, D5b=2 | |
| Tibetan | 0.207 | 29 | D4=3, D5a=2, D4a=1 | |
| Tibetan | 0.207 | 29 | D4=4, D5a=2 | |
| Oirat Mongol | 0.204 | 49 | D=9, D5=1 | |
| Kyrgyz | 0.203 | 138 | D4=20 D5=4 D4b=2 D4e=2 | |
| Siberian Eskimos | 0.203 | 79 | D2=12, D3=4 | |
| Karakalpak | 0.200 | 20 | D=4 | |
| Kyrgyz | 0.200 | 20 | D=4 | |
| Ulch people | 0.200 | 160 | D4=18, D4o=13, D5=1 | |
| Nu | 0.200 | 30 | D=6 | |
| Buryat | 0.198 | 126 | D=20, D5a=3, D5=2 | |
| Mongolian | 0.198 | 429 | D2b=1, D4a=1, D4b1=6, D4b1a2a1=4, D4b1c=4, D4b2a2a=6, D4b2d=8, D4=29, D4j=10, D5a1=1, D5a2a=11, D5b=4 | |
| Mongolian | 0.197 | 2420 | D4b=76, D4c=68, D4j=64, D4=199, D5=71 | |
| Gelao | 0.196 | 102 | D=15, D5=3, D5a=2 | |
| Kazakh | 0.195 | 200 | D1=1, D4=32, D5=6 | |
| Tubalar | 0.194 | 72 | D=10, D5=3, D3=1 | |
| Hmong | 0.194 | 103 | D=15, D5=3, D5a=2 | |
| Bai | 0.191 | 68 | D=9, D5=4 | |
| Mansi | 0.190 | 63 | D=12 | |
| Lowland Yao | 0.190 | 42 | D=7, D5a=1 | |
| Khasi | 0.190 | 368 | D4=48 D=22 | |
| Mizo | 0.188 | 48 | D4=9 | |
| Nyishi | 0.188 | 48 | D4=7 D5=2 | |
| Yi | 0.188 | 16 | D=3 | |
| Tibetan | 0.185 | 54 | D4=9, D5a=1 | |
| Poumai Naga | 0.184 | 49 | D4=9 | |
| Kazakh | 0.182 | 55 | D=9, D5=1 | |
| Hmong | 0.179 | 39 | D=6, D5=1 | |
| Han | 0.178 | 73 | D4=10, D5=3 | |
| Yukaghir | 0.171 | 82 | D9=4, D8=2, D7=2, D5a1=2, D3a1=2, D3a2=1, D2=1 | |
| Sherpa | 0.167 | 54 | D4=9 | |
| Pumi | 0.167 | 36 | D=6 | |
| Tujia | 0.167 | 30 | D=3, D5=2 | |
| Yakama | 0.167 | 42 | D=7 | |
| Bhotia | 0.164 | 55 | D4=9 | |
| Han | 0.164 | 55 | D4=6, D5=2, D6=1 | |
| Uyghur | 0.164 | 55 | D=9 | |
| Khanty | 0.160 | 106 | D=17 | |
| Buryat | 0.160 | 25 | D=4 | |
| Bai | 0.158 | 19 | D=3 | |
| Khakassians | 0.158 | 57 | D4=9 | |
| Mien | 0.156 | 32 | D=5 | |
| Hui | 0.156 | 45 | D=6, D5a=1 | |
| Altai | 0.155 | 110 | D=17 | |
| Tuvinian | 0.152 | 105 | D4=9, D2=3, D5=3, D3=1 | |
| Nogai | 0.152 | 33 | D=5 | |
| Kim Mun | 0.150 | 40 | D=6 | |
| Tajik | 0.150 | 20 | D4c=2, D=1 | |
| Yi | 0.150 | 40 | D=4, D5=1, D5a=1 | |
| Yi | 0.150 | 20 | D=3 | |
| Zhuang | 0.146 | 130 | D4=13, D5=3, D=3 | |
| Kyrgyz | 0.146 | 48 | D=7 | |
| Bella Coola | 0.143 | 84 | D=12 | |
| Lahu | 0.143 | 35 | D=5 | |
| Tuvan | 0.137 | 95 | D=9, D3=3, D5=1 | |
| Tibetan | 0.136 | 44 | D4=5, D5a=1 | |
| Yukaghir | 0.136 | 22 | D4j5=1, D4l2=1, D5a2a2=1 | |
| Chukchi | 0.133 | 15 | D2=2 | |
| Kazakh | 0.132 | 53 | D=7 | |
| Sema Naga | 0.130 | 54 | D4=7 | |
| Mongolian | 0.128 | 47 | D4=5, D4b=1 | |
| Tibetan | 0.127 | 55 | D4=5, D4a=1, D5a=1 | |
| Chakhesang Naga | 0.127 | 55 | D4=7 | |
| Altai Kizhi | 0.126 | 324 | D4=39, D5=2 | |
| Shor | 0.122 | 82 | D4=9, D5=1 | |
| Chukchi | 0.121 | 66 | D2=7, D3=1 | |
| Bunu | 0.120 | 25 | D=2, D5a=1 | |
| Kurd | 0.120 | 25 | D4=3 | |
| Udmurt | 0.119 | 101 | D=12 | |
| Karelian | 0.115 | 87 | D5=10 | |
| Tibetan refugees in India | 0.112 | 107 | D4=9 D5=3 | |
| Sulawesi | 0.110 | 237 | D5=20, D=6 | |
| Han | 0.108 | 111 | D4a=2, D5b1=2, D4b1b=1, D4b2b5=1, D4g2=1, D4j1a=1, D4j6=1, D5=1, D5a2a1=1, D5b=1 | |
| Mongolian | 0.106 | 47 | D4=5 | |
| Uyghur | 0.106 | 47 | D=3, D5=1, D5a=1 | |
| Ao Naga | 0.106 | 66 | D4=5 D5=1 D=1 | |
| Kazakh | 0.100 | 20 | D4c=1, D=1 | |
| Khasi | 0.100 | 40 | D4=4 | |
| Tharu | 0.100 | 40 | D4e1a=2, D4=2 | |
| Tatar | 0.099 | 71 | D=7 | |
| Chuvantsi | 0.094 | 32 | D3a2a=2, D2a1a=1 | |
| Lahu | 0.094 | 32 | D=2, D5=1 | |
| Bashkir | 0.090 | 221 | D=20 | |
| Tharu | 0.090 | 133 | D4=7, D4j=5 | |
| Altay Kizhi | 0.089 | 90 | D4=6, D3=2 | |
| Tibetan | 0.086 | 35 | D=3 | |
| Mansi | 0.082 | 98 | D=6, D3=1, D5=1 | |
| Lisu | 0.081 | 37 | D=3 | |
| Lanten Yao | 0.077 | 26 | D=1, D5=1 | |
| Hmong | 0.076 | 158 | D4e1a3=9 D4e1a=1 D4b=1 D5b4=1 | |
| Thai | 0.075 | 40 | D=2, D4=1 | |
| Uzbek | 0.075 | 40 | D=3 | |
| Tu Yao | 0.073 | 41 | D=3 | |
| Dong | 0.071 | 28 | D=2 | |
| Tibetan | 0.071 | 56 | D=4 | |
| Ambon | 0.070 | 43 | D=2, D5=1 | |
| Tujia | 0.069 | 29 | D5=1, D=1 | |
| Tajik | 0.068 | 44 | D4=2, D5=1 | |
| Turkmen | 0.067 | 75 | D4=4 D4j=1 | |
| Dungan | 0.063 | 16 | D=1 | |
| Bapai Yao | 0.057 | 35 | D=2 | |
| Jino | 0.056 | 18 | D5=1 | |
| Komi-Permyak | 0.054 | 74 | D=4 | |
| Taono O'odham | 0.054 | 37 | D=2 | |
| Taiwan aborigines | 0.053 | 640 | D5'6=26, D4=8 | |
| Apache | 0.053 | 38 | D=2 | |
| Tibetan | 0.053 | 19 | D=1 | |
| Huatou Yao | 0.053 | 19 | D=1 | |
| Li | 0.052 | 346 | D5'6=13, D4=5 | |
| Hazara | 0.051 | 78 | D4j=2 D4=2 | |
| Borneo | 0.051 | 157 | D5=7, D=1 | |
| Iranian | 0.050 | 20 | D=1 | |
| Karelian | 0.049 | 61 | D5=2, D=1 | |
| Tatar | 0.048 | 126 | D=6 | |
| Thailand | 0.048 | 105 | D=5 | |
| Uzbek | 0.047 | 127 | D4j=2 D4=2 D5'6=2 | |
| Naxi | 0.044 | 45 | D=2 | |
| Hindu | 0.042 | 24 | D4=1 | |
| Tajik | 0.041 | 146 | D4=4 D4j=1 D5'6=1 | |
| Changpa | 0.040 | 50 | D4=1 D5=1 | |
| Chuvash | 0.036 | 55 | D=2 | |
| Cun | 0.033 | 30 | D4=1 | |
| Wuzhou Yao | 0.032 | 31 | D=1 | |
| Filipino | 0.031 | 64 | D5b=1, D6=1 | |
| Pan Yao | 0.031 | 32 | D=1 | |
| Filipino | 0.029 | 70 | D6=2 | |
| Karelian | 0.028 | 218 | D5=6 | |
| Ket | 0.026 | 38 | D=1 | |
| Tatar | 0.026 | 228 | D=6 | |
| Persian | 0.024 | 82 | D4=1, D5=1 | |
| Lombok | 0.023 | 44 | D5=1 | |
| Filipino | 0.023 | 177 | D6=2, D5b=1, D=1 | |
| Alor | 0.022 | 45 | D=1 | |
| Cham | 0.018 | 168 | D4=3 | |
| Turkish people | 0.017 | 773 | D4=1, D4c2b=1, D4e4=2, D4g1b=1, D4g2=2, D4j=5, D4m2a=1 | |
| Mari | 0.015 | 136 | D=2 | |
| Koryak | 0.013 | 155 | D3=2 | |
| Bali | 0.012 | 82 | D5=1 | |
| Pashtun | 0.011 | 90 | D4j=1 | |
| Mordvinian | 0.010 | 102 | D=1 | |
| Filipino | 0.009 | 112 | D6=1 | |
| Kiliwa | 0.000 | 7 | - | |
| Seri | 0.000 | 8 | - | |
| Dingban Yao | 0.000 | 10 | - | |
| Xiban Yao | 0.000 | 11 | - | |
| Cochimí | 0.000 | 13 | - | |
| Filipino | 0.000 | 20 | - | |
| River Yuman | 0.000 | 22 | - | |
| Delta Yuman | 0.000 | 23 | - | |
| Tibetan | 0.000 | 24 | - | |
| Zuni | 0.000 | 26 | - | |
| Pai Yuman | 0.000 | 27 | - | |
| Batek | 0.000 | 29 | - | |
| Batak | 0.000 | 31 | - | |
| Lingao | 0.000 | 31 | - | |
| Nahua | 0.000 | 31 | - | |
| Mendriq | 0.000 | 32 | - | |
| Temuan | 0.000 | 33 | - | |
| Jemez | 0.000 | 36 | - | |
| Akimal O'odham | 0.000 | 43 | - | |
| Java | 0.000 | 46 | - | |
| Tofalar | 0.000 | 46 | - | |
| Udegey | 0.000 | 46 | - | |
| Itelmen | 0.000 | 47 | - | |
| Sumba | 0.000 | 50 | - | |
| Jahai | 0.000 | 51 | - | |
| Senoi | 0.000 | 52 | - | |
| Filipino | 0.000 | 61 | - | |
| Semelai | 0.000 | 61 | - | |
| Komi-Zyryan | 0.000 | 62 | - | |
| Navajo | 0.000 | 64 | - | |
| Sumatra | 0.000 | 180 | - |
Famous members
- Ruth Simmons is a member of haplogroup D1.
- Comedian and actress Margaret Cho is in haplogroup D5a2a1b.