Demographics of Turkey

features of the population of Turkey include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. the population of Turkey was over 85.8 million with an annual growth rate of 0.36%. This official population number excludes the registered Syrian refugees under temporary protection status which have a population of about 2.6 million as of the date.
Turks are the largest ethnic group, comprising 70–75% of the population while Kurds are the second largest with 19%. The others, including Armenians, Arabs, Assyrians, Albanians, Bulgarians, Bosniaks, Circassians, Chechens, Georgians, Greeks, Pomaks, Rum, Russians, Romani, History of the [Jews in Turkey|Jews], Laz people and others make 6–11% of the population according to a 2016 estimate by the CIA.
The population has been aging in recent years, with just 20.6% falling in the 0–14 age bracket. The population over the age of 65 is 11.0%. the median age of the Turkish population is 34.4 years. According to OECD/World Bank population statistics, from 1990 to 2008 the population growth in Turkey was 16 million or 29%.

Population

Historical population

Urbanization

According to the CIA World Factbook

Urban population: 77.5% of total population
Rate of urbanization: 1.11% annual rate of change
According to TURKSTAT
Population of densely populated urban areas: 67.2%
Population of intermediate density urban areas: 15.5%
Population of rural areas: 17.2%
Age structure

Structure of the population

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	7,936,512	8,220,938	16,157,450	100
0–4	1,431,441	1,297,472	2,728,913	16.89
5–9	1,211,031	1,127,759	2,338,790	14.47
10–14	848,909	745,981	1,594,890	9.87
15–19	558,702	485,865	1,044,567	6.47
20–24	749,196	640,153	1,389,349	8.60
25–29	621,971	721,286	1,343,257	8.31
30–34	584,496	642,051	1,226,547	7.59
35–39	486,505	509,582	996,087	6.16
40–44	323,676	473,948	797,624	4.94
45–49	242,922	314,860	557,782	3.45
50–54	225,781	384,373	610,154	3.78
55–59	162,193	195,231	357,424	2.21
60–64	175,346	297,375	472,721	2.93
65–69	100,249	104,966	205,215	1.27
70–74	90,665	125,877	216,542	1.34
75–79	36,289	37,970	74,259	0.46
80–84	31,267	49,176	80,443	0.50
85+	20,376	31,206	51,582	0.32
Unknown	35,497	35,807	71,304	0.44

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	3,491,381	3,171,212	6,662,593	41.23
15–64	4,130,788	4,664,724	8,795,512	54.44
65+	278,846	349,195	628,041	3.89

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	8,898,912	8,922,038	17,820,950	100
0–4	1,386,164	1,255,841	2,642,005	14.83
5–9	1,417,565	1,264,599	2,682,164	15.05
10–14	1,189,450	989,707	2,179,157	12.22
15–19	828,348	698,268	1,526,616	8.57
20–24	524,398	517,900	1,042,298	5.85
25–29	684,425	704,888	1,389,313	7.80
30–34	617,605	715,603	1,333,208	7.48
35–39	589,660	567,985	1,157,645	6.50
40–44	465,754	530,330	996,084	5.59
45–49	303,224	347,903	651,127	3.65
50–54	247,689	416,071	663,760	3.72
55–59	175,162	216,450	391,612	2.20
60–64	189,814	327,319	517,133	2.90
65–69	100,133	113,816	213,949	1.20
70–74	83,102	131,130	214,232	1.20
75–79	35,800	36,810	72,610	0.41
80–84	32,530	48,634	81,164	0.45
85+	19,856	28,048	47,904	0.27
Unknown	8,233	10,736	18,969	0.11

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	3,993,179	3,510,147	7,503,326	42.10
15–64	4,626,079	5,042,717	9,668,796	54.26
65+	271,421	358,438	629,859	3.53

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	9,446,580	9,343,594	18,790,174	100
0–4	1,286,705	1,184,799	2,471,504	13.15
5–9	1,348,446	1,242,281	2,590,727	13.79
10–14	1,284,952	1,074,080	2,359,032	12.56
15–19	1,048,701	931,461	1,980,162	10.54
20–24	789,205	691,680	1,480,885	7.88
25–29	484,328	619,069	1,103,397	5.87
30–34	731,283	699,657	1,430,940	7.61
35–39	607,377	578,390	1,185,767	6.31
40–44	542,301	558,000	1,100,301	5.86
45–49	401,379	378,499	779,878	4.15
50–54	282,856	434,107	716,963	3.82
55–59	171,162	219,398	390,560	2.08
60–64	199,908	349,207	549,115	2.92
65–69	98,664	124,606	223,270	1.19
70–74	80,007	132,964	212,971	1.13
75–79	30,422	38,852	69,274	0.37
80–84	28,838	46,220	75,058	0.40
85+	18,752	27,218	45,970	0.24
Unknown	11,294	13,106	24,400	0.13

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	3,920,103	3,501,160	7,421,263	39.50
15–64	5,258,500	5,459,468	10,717,968	57.04
65+	256,683	369,860	626,543	3.33

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	10,527,085	10,420,103	20,947,188	100
0–4	1,583,013	1,507,310	3,090,323	14.75
5–9	1,336,758	1,236,743	2,573,501	12.29
10–14	1,273,881	1,080,774	2,354,655	11.24
15–19	1,269,676	1,118,275	2,387,951	11.40
20–24	989,606	972,942	1,962,548	9.37
25–29	726,276	751,624	1,477,900	7.06
30–34	523,466	590,563	1,114,029	5.32
35–39	687,486	599,778	1,287,264	6.15
40–44	551,330	595,426	1,146,756	5.47
45–49	499,143	445,245	944,388	4.51
50–54	389,143	471,481	860,624	4.11
55–59	214,041	260,147	474,188	2.26
60–64	196,827	358,825	555,652	2.65
65–69	110,177	152,604	262,781	1.25
70–74	83,100	138,710	221,810	1.06
75–79	33,989	49,329	83,318	0.40
80–84	26,256	46,416	72,672	0.35
85+	19,238	30,843	50,081	0.24
Unknown	13,679	13,068	26,747	0.12

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	4,193,652	3,824,827	8,018,479	38.28
15–64	6,046,994	6,164,306	12,211,300	58.30
65+	272,760	417,902	690,662	3.30

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	12,233,421	11,831,342	24,064,763	100
0–4	1,982,328	1,876,385	3,858,713	16.03
5–9	1,674,361	1,559,521	3,233,882	13.44
10–14	1,293,749	1,088,876	2,382,625	9.90
15–19	1,246,288	1,086,401	2,332,689	9.69
20–24	1,208,312	1,109,352	2,317,664	9.63
25–29	957,994	1,020,047	1,978,041	8.22
30–34	747,870	730,128	1,477,998	6.14
35–39	518,633	525,015	1,043,648	4.34
40–44	665,731	620,561	1,286,292	5.34
45–49	524,193	472,397	996,590	4.14
50–54	504,577	527,370	1,031,947	4.29
55–59	326,719	308,300	635,019	2.64
60–64	242,673	386,672	629,345	2.62
65–69	126,235	172,553	298,788	1.24
70–74	98,303	170,945	269,248	1.12
75–79	42,539	61,169	103,708	0.43
80–84	31,408	58,663	90,071	0.38
85+	22,219	38,374	60,593	0.25
Unknown	19,289	18,613	37,902	0.16

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	4,950,438	4,524,782	9,475,220	39.37
15–64	6,942,990	6,786,243	13,729,233	57.05
65+	320,704	501,704	822,408	3.42

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	14,163,888	13,590,932	27,754,820	100
0–4	2,180,155	2,075,706	4,255,861	15.33
5–9	2,072,538	1,924,700	3,997,238	14.40
10–14	1,687,678	1,486,229	3,173,907	11.44
15–19	1,247,397	1,057,623	2,305,020	8.30
20–24	1,175,912	1,126,110	2,302,022	8.29
25–29	1,155,197	1,175,437	2,330,634	8.41
30–34	1,026,237	984,257	2,010,494	7.24
35–39	748,216	692,697	1,440,913	5.19
40–44	504,947	547,576	1,052,523	3.79
45–49	609,233	499,222	1,108,455	3.99
50–54	547,373	580,291	1,127,664	4.06
55–59	423,895	368,834	792,729	2.86
60–64	368,205	460,652	828,857	2.99
65–69	166,113	213,476	379,589	1.37
70–74	113,713	195,360	309,073	1.11
75–79	51,280	78,196	129,476	0.47
80–84	33,918	63,479	97,397	0.35
85+	23,063	40,134	63,197	0.23
Unknown	28,818	20,953	49,771	0.18

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	5,940,371	5,486,635	11,427,006	41.17
15–64	7,806,612	7,492,699	15,299,311	55.12
65+	388,087	590,645	978,732	3.53

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	15,996,964	15,394,457	31,391,421	100
0–4	2,355,040	2,262,030	4,617,070	14.71
5–9	2,414,482	2,249,520	4,664,002	14.86
10–14	2,057,427	1,810,125	3,867,552	12.32
15–19	1,545,911	1,364,144	2,910,055	9.27
20–24	1,210,980	1,133,156	2,344,136	7.47
25–29	1,054,909	1,161,156	2,216,065	7.06
30–34	1,138,450	1,134,571	2,273,021	7.24
35–39	997,446	934,713	1,932,159	6.15
40–44	704,595	676,864	1,381,459	4.40
45–49	445,457	429,623	875,080	2.79
50–54	612,093	590,947	1,203,040	3.83
55–59	449,480	415,150	864,630	2.75
60–64	452,705	501,500	954,205	3.04
65–69	257,812	271,173	528,985	1.69
70–74	145,636	220,745	366,381	1.17
75–79	60,950	94,624	155,574	0.49
80–84	41,187	78,089	119,276	0.38
85+	24,419	47,890	72,309	0.23
Unknown	27,985	18,437	46,422	0.15

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	6,826,949	6,321,675	13,148,624	41.89
15–64	8,612,026	8,341,824	16,953,850	54.00
65+	530,004	712,521	1,242,525	3.96

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	18,006,986	17,598,190	35,605,176	100
0–4	2,661,100	2,594,036	5,255,136	14.76
5–9	2,610,278	2,483,174	5,093,452	14.31
10–14	2,362,928	2,166,671	4,529,599	12.72
15–19	1,924,259	1,770,241	3,694,500	10.38
20–24	1,496,314	1,355,157	2,851,471	8.01
25–29	1,107,968	1,153,644	2,261,612	6.35
30–34	1,018,964	1,165,395	2,184,359	6.14
35–39	1,117,152	1,096,974	2,214,126	6.22
40–44	921,299	899,719	1,821,018	5.11
45–49	644,629	564,005	1,208,634	3.39
50–54	457,007	516,198	973,205	2.73
55–59	496,977	440,483	937,460	2.63
60–64	476,373	529,806	1,006,179	2.83
65–69	321,562	319,282	640,844	1.80
70–74	220,832	265,442	486,274	1.37
75–79	82,070	109,591	191,661	0.54
80–84	48.152	90.847	138.999	0.39
85+	35,191	72,727	107,918	0.30
Unknown	3,931	4,798	8,729	0.02

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	7,634,306	7,243,881	14,878,187	41.79
15–64	9,660,942	9,491,622	19,152,564	53.79
65+	707,807	857,889	1,565,696	4.40

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	20,744,730	19,602,989	40,347,719	100
0–4	2,917,451	2,783,798	5,701,249	14.13
5–9	2,759,820	2,620,295	5,380,115	13.34
10–14	2,800,002	2,448,837	5,248,839	13.00
15–19	2,232,561	2,031,938	4,264,499	10.57
20–24	1,857,634	1,674,510	3,532,144	8.75
25–29	1,486,652	1,346,030	2,832,682	7.02
30–34	1,178,669	1,116,102	2,294,771	5.69
35–39	1,040,829	1,098,730	2,139,559	5.30
40–44	1,091,915	1,054,284	2,146,199	5.32
45–49	881,215	802,470	1,683,685	4.17
50–54	676,681	664,996	1,341,677	3.33
55–59	382,853	384,295	767,148	1.90
60–64	535,532	548,341	1,083,873	2.69
65–69	322,443	356,949	679,392	1.68
70–74	275,674	320,062	595,736	1.48
75–79	119,728	138,791	258,519	0.64
80–84	79,297	110,363	189,660	0.47
85+	53,510	76,434	129,944	0.32
Unknown	52,264	25,764	78,028	0.20

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	8,477,273	7,852,930	16,330,203	40.47
15–64	11,364,541	10,721,696	22,086,237	54.74
65+	850,652	1,002,599	1,853,251	4.59

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	22,695,362	22,041,595	44,736,957	100
0–4	3,050,769	2,909,854	5,960,623	13.32
5–9	3,062,668	2,907,808	5,970,476	13.35
10–14	2,869,879	2,632,934	5,502,813	12.30
15–19	2,562,865	2,404,442	4,967,307	11.10
20–24	2,073,844	1,975,835	4,049,679	9.05
25–29	1,719,161	1,656,165	3,375,326	7.54
30–34	1,373,541	1,321,174	2,694,715	6.02
35–39	1,078,798	1,119,283	2,198,081	4.91
40–44	988,818	1,068,128	2,056,946	4.60
45–49	1,043,459	964,296	2,007,755	4.49
50–54	862,109	867,151	1,729,260	3.87
55–59	592,130	558,498	1,150,628	2.58
60–64	375,309	417,352	792,661	1.77
65–69	413,324	450,580	863,904	1.93
70–74	264,433	328,480	592,913	1.33
75–79	161,282	187,299	348,581	0.78
80–84	81,037	119,321	200,358	0.45
85+	35,284	72,207	107,491	0.24
Unknown	86,652	80,788	167,440	0.37

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	8,983,316	8,450,596	17,433,912	38.97
15–64	12,670,034	12,352,324	25,022,358	55.93
65+	955,360	1,157,887	2,113,247	4.73

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	25,671,975	24,992,483	50,664,458	100
0–4	3,112,524	2,964,677	6,077,201	12.00
5–9	3,457,223	3,282,238	6,739,461	13.30
10–14	3,210,697	2,982,779	6,193,476	12.22
15–19	2,744,581	2,662,883	5,407,464	10.67
20–24	2,434,052	2,350,428	4,784,480	9.44
25–29	2,056,187	1,984,575	4,040,762	7.98
30–34	1,723,904	1,650,502	3,374,406	6.66
35–39	1,413,596	1,372,975	2,786,571	5.50
40–44	1,098,217	1,109,939	2,208,156	4.36
45–49	991,442	1,017,167	2,008,609	3.96
50–54	1,039,158	1,003,434	2,042,592	4.03
55–59	824,436	824,633	1,649,069	3.26
60–64	555,813	574,373	1,130,186	2.23
65–69	309,858	367,530	677,388	1.34
70–74	314,528	352,481	667,009	1.32
75–79	175,769	218,753	394,522	0.78
80–84	99,310	138,700	238,010	0.47
85+	55,577	93,402	148,979	0.29
Unknown	55,103	41,014	96,117	0.19

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,780,444	9,229,694	19,010,138	37.52
15–64	14,881,386	14,550,909	29,432,295	58.09
65+	955,042	1,170,866	2,125,908	4.20

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	28,607,047	27,865,988	56,473,035	100
0–4	3,052,255	2,902,489	5,954,744	10.54
5–9	3,541,409	3,357,800	6,899,209	12.22
10–14	3,560,900	3,330,499	6,891,399	12.20
15–19	3,165,061	3,051,408	6,216,469	11.00
20–24	2,581,153	2,514,351	5,095,504	9.02
25–29	2,435,765	2,377,362	4,813,127	8.52
30–34	2,096,899	1,989,410	4,086,309	7.24
35–39	1,784,121	1,705,943	3,490,064	6.18
40–44	1,418,784	1,369,640	2,788,424	4.94
45–49	1,111,113	1,090,046	2,201,159	3.90
50–54	980,115	1,038,853	2,018,968	3.58
55–59	993,402	947,119	1,940,521	3.44
60–64	768,547	846,746	1,615,293	2.86
65–69	471,479	521,608	993,087	1.76
70–74	242,572	303,519	546,091	0.97
75–79	204,665	236,259	440,924	0.78
80–84	105,386	156,938	262,324	0.46
85+	67,040	107,897	174,937	0.31
Unknown	26,381	18,101	44,482	0.08

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	10,154,564	9,590,788	19,745,352	34.96
15–64	17,334,960	16,930,878	34,265,838	60.68
65+	1,091,142	1,326,221	2,417,363	4.28

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	34,346,735	33,457,192	67,803,927	100
0–4	3,396,690	3,188,132	6,584,822	9.71
5–9	3,485,746	3,270,871	6,756,617	9.97
10–14	3,570,657	3,307,999	6,878,656	10.15
15–19	3,691,218	3,518,257	7,209,475	10.63
20–24	3,426,714	3,263,432	6,690,146	9.87
25–29	2,976,430	2,918,825	5,895,255	8.70
30–34	2,552,370	2,457,285	5,009,655	7.39
35–39	2,453,579	2,400,808	4,854,387	7.16
40–44	2,083,531	1,985,225	4,068,756	6.00
45–49	1,710,757	1,658,012	3,368,769	4.97
50–54	1,356,391	1,360,958	2,717,349	4.00
55–59	1,016,254	1,042,168	2,058,422	3.04
60–64	864,299	964,989	1,829,288	2.70
65–69	794,881	850,636	1,645,517	2.43
70–74	517,870	654,773	1,172,643	1.73
75–79	254,443	323,154	577,597	0.85
80–84	98,797	147,895	246,692	0.36
85+	83,572	132,928	216,500	0.32
Unknown	12,536	10,845	23,381	0.03

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	10,453,093	9,767,002	20,220,095	29.83
15–64	22,131,543	21,569,959	43,701,502	64.45
65+	1,749,563	2,109,386	3,858,949	5.69

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	35,376,533	35,209,723	70,586,256	100
0–4	2,978,972	2,814,934	5,793,906	8.21
5–9	3,303,329	3,133,498	6,436,827	9.12
10–14	3,288,472	3,123,186	6,411,658	9.08
15–19	3,159,723	2,997,310	6,157,033	8.72
20–24	3,181,804	3,058,769	6,240,573	8.84
25–29	3,295,102	3,217,736	6,512,838	9.23
30–34	2,885,151	2,842,548	5,727,699	8.11
35–39	2,565,112	2,507,329	5,072,441	7.19
40–44	2,379,314	2,346,486	4,725,800	6.69
45–49	2,057,626	2,027,439	4,085,065	5.79
50–54	1,781,029	1,784,640	3,565,669	5.06
55–59	1,369,618	1,419,240	2,788,858	3.95
60–64	981,178	1,086,536	2,067,714	2.93
65–69	781,165	917,418	1,698,583	2.41
70–74	629,241	743,836	1,373,077	1.94
75–79	441,289	628,672	1,069,961	1.51
80–84	212,383	366,496	578,879	0.82
85–89	58,552	123,636	182,188	0.26
90+	27,473	70,014	97,487	0.14

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,570,773	9,071,618	18,642,391	26.41
15–64	23,655,657	23,288,033	46,943,690	66,51
65+	2,150,103	2,850,072	5,000,175	7.08

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	35,901,154	35,615,946	71,517,100	100
0–4	3,082,338	2,915,920	5,998,258	8.39
5–9	3,242,581	3,075,551	6,318,132	8.83
10–14	3,322,041	3,150,156	6,472,197	9.05
15–19	3,171,917	3,013,187	6,185,104	8.65
20–24	3,187,625	3,068,933	6,256,558	8.75
25–29	3,300,291	3,218,546	6,518,837	9.12
30–34	2,939,518	2,870,589	5,810,107	8.12
35–39	2,680,941	2,649,543	5,330,484	7.45
40–44	2,397,706	2,342,544	4,740,250	6.63
45–49	2,153,427	2,130,748	4,284,175	5.99
50–54	1,824,582	1,818,591	3,643,173	5.09
55–59	1,423,445	1,454,659	2,878,104	4.03
60–64	1,035,261	1,153,037	2,188,298	3.06
65–69	783,680	917,704	1,701,384	2.38
70–74	575,433	699,248	1,274,681	1.78
75–79	492,226	618,556	1,110,782	1.55
80–84	213,336	357,843	571,179	0.80
85–89	59,076	116,145	175,221	0.25
90+	15,730	44,446	60,176	0.08

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,646,960	9,141,627	18,788,587	26.27
15–64	24,114,713	23,720,377	47,835,090	66.89
65+	2,139,481	2,753,942	4,893,423	6.84

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	36,462,470	36,098,842	72,561,312	100
0–4	3,161,153	2,994,168	6,155,321	8.48
5–9	3,183,784	3,017,863	6,201,647	8.55
10–14	3,336,975	3,165,391	6,502,366	8.96
15–19	3,197,293	3,037,327	6,234,620	8.59
20–24	3,204,748	3,075,369	6,280,117	8.65
25–29	3,306,767	3,202,093	6,508,860	8.97
30–34	2,998,464	2,912,568	5,911,032	8.15
35–39	2,764,856	2,740,457	5,505,313	7.59
40–44	2,379,230	2,296,915	4,676,145	6.44
45–49	2,241,542	2,228,411	4,469,953	6.16
50–54	1,878,374	1,847,369	3,725,743	5.14
55–59	1,461,936	1,483,667	2,945,603	4.06
60–64	1,124,584	1,236,594	2,361,178	3.25
65–69	803,062	920,652	1,723,714	2.38
70–74	586,824	736,844	1,323,668	1.83
75–79	516,617	629,315	1,145,932	1.58
80–84	228,954	382,749	611,703	0.84
85–89	70,842	140,725	211,567	0.29
90+	16,465	50,365	66,830	0.09

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,681,912	9,177,422	18,859,334	25.99
15–64	24,557,794	24,060,770	48,618,564	67.00
65+	2,222,764	2,860,650	5,083,414	7.01

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	37,043,182	36,679,806	73,722,988	100
0–4	3,173,092	3,005,631	6,178,723	8.38
5–9	3,148,210	2,982,908	6,131,118	8.32
10–14	3,369,995	3,198,746	6,568,741	8.91
15–19	3,219,221	3,058,086	6,277,307	8.51
20–24	3,200,959	3,066,828	6,267,787	8.50
25–29	3,275,153	3,162,769	6,437,922	8.73
30–34	3,146,214	3,063,753	6,209,967	8.42
35–39	2,798,870	2,767,247	5,566,117	7.55
40–44	2,344,747	2,249,976	4,594,723	6.23
45–49	2,358,913	2,341,378	4,700,291	6.38
50–54	1,871,231	1,835,058	3,706,289	5.03
55–59	1,614,971	1,649,342	3,264,313	4.43
60–64	1,190,577	1,301,377	2,491,954	3.38
65–69	848,726	958,566	1,807,292	2.45
70–74	633,016	787,768	1,420,784	1.93
75–79	502,175	615,872	1,118,047	1.52
80–84	245,975	418,326	664,301	0.90
85–89	83,179	161,183	244,362	0.33
90+	17,958	54,992	72,950	0.10

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,691,297	9,187,285	18,878,582	25.61
15–64	25,020,856	24,495,814	49,516,670	67.16
65+	2,331,029	2,996,707	5,327,736	7.23

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	37,532,954	37,191,315	74,724,269	100
0–4	3,184,160	3,015,664	6,199,824	8.30
5–9	3,123,697	2,960,449	6,084,146	8.14
10–14	3,386,882	3,215,723	6,602,605	8.84
15–19	3,240,196	3,077,387	6,317,583	8.45
20–24	3,173,618	3,050,973	6,224,591	8.33
25–29	3,210,343	3,095,890	6,306,233	8.44
30–34	3,285,387	3,210,247	6,495,634	8.69
35–39	2,837,182	2,795,560	5,632,742	7.54
40–44	2,430,841	2,339,933	4,770,774	6.38
45–49	2,405,435	2,380,649	4,786,084	6.41
50–54	1,909,912	1,882,524	3,792,436	5.08
55–59	1,716,102	1,738,313	3,454,415	4.62
60–64	1,231,274	1,335,213	2,566,487	3.43
65–69	876,489	991,686	1,868,175	2.50
70–74	649,739	801,629	1,451,368	1.94
75–79	497,023	621,287	1,118,310	1.50
80–84	260,355	428,485	688,840	0.92
85–89	94,160	190,434	284,594	0.38
90+	20,159	59,269	79,428	0.11

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,694,739	9,191,836	18,886,575	25.28
15–64	25,440,290	24,906,689	50,346,979	67.37
65+	2,397,925	3,092,790	5,490,715	7.35

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	37,956,168	37,671,216	75,627,384	100
0–4	3,182,650	3,016,307	6,198,957	8.20
5–9	3,161,223	2,997,741	6,158,964	8.14
10–14	3,334,509	3,164,749	6,499,258	8.59
15–19	3,286,864	3,118,688	6,405,552	8.47
20–24	3,151,253	3,034,836	6,186,089	8.18
25–29	3,185,423	3,085,255	6,270,678	8.29
30–34	3,307,333	3,237,594	6,544,927	8.65
35–39	2,890,170	2,841,007	5,731,177	7.58
40–44	2,565,499	2,498,561	5,064,060	6.70
45–49	2,368,340	2,331,081	4,699,421	6.21
50–54	2,029,218	2,009,980	4,039,198	5.34
55–59	1,727,004	1,751,578	3,478,582	4.60
60–64	1,292,769	1,375,749	2,668,518	3.53
65–69	899,831	1,028,555	1,928,386	2.55
70–74	671,942	828,184	1,500,126	1.98
75–79	484,634	617,492	1,102,126	1.45
80–84	289,054	456,612	745,666	0.99
85–89	105,608	210,382	315.990	0.42
90+	22,844	66,865	89.709	0.12

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,678,382	9,178,797	18,857,179	24.93
15–64	25,803,873	25,284,329	51,088,202	67.56
65+	2,473,913	3,208,090	5,682,003	7.51

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	38,473,360	38,194,504	76,667,864	100
0–4	3,187,259	3,019,156	6,206,415	8.10
5–9	3,218,411	3,052,823	6,271,234	8.18
10–14	3,269,578	3,102,587	6,372,165	8.31
15–19	3,327,238	3,150,484	6,477,722	8.45
20–24	3,166,104	3,047,920	6,214,024	8.10
25–29	3,189,167	3,097,165	6,286,332	8.20
30–34	3,305,734	3,237,935	6,543,669	8.54
35–39	2,946,289	2,879,860	5,826,149	7.60
40–44	2,673,800	2,634,460	5,308,260	6.92
45–49	2,389,852	2,331,911	4,721,763	6.16
50–54	2,123,029	2,109,763	4,232,792	5.52
55–59	1,769,399	1,785,786	3,555,185	4.64
60–64	1,346,426	1,414,034	2,760,460	3.60
65–69	950,337	1,095,061	2,045,398	2.67
70–74	674,943	832,785	1,507,728	1.97
75–79	461,225	616,070	1,077,295	1.41
80–84	335,943	484,663	820,606	1.07
85–89	112,700	228,962	341,662	0.45
90+	25,926	73,079	99,005	0.13

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,675,248	9,174,566	18,849,814	24.59
15–64	26,237,038	25,689,318	51,926,356	67.73
65+	2,561,074	3,330,620	5,891,694	7.68

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	38,984,302	38,711,602	77,695,904	100
0–4	3,231,903	3,062,630	6,294,533	8.10
5–9	3,241,355	3,074,273	6,315,628	8.13
10–14	3,209,897	3,042,372	6,252,269	8.05
15–19	3,349,081	3,169,840	6,518,921	8.39
20–24	3,191,641	3,071,819	6,263,460	8.06
25–29	3,179,412	3,093,790	6,273,202	8.07
30–34	3,294,389	3,221,905	6,516,294	8.39
35–39	2,996,001	2,922,335	5,918,336	7.61
40–44	2,766,305	2,744,032	5,510,337	7.09
45–49	2,375,494	2,298,768	4,674,262	6.02
50–54	2,218,311	2,220,111	4,438,422	5.71
55–59	1,828,486	1,828,077	3,656,563	4.70
60–64	1,402,604	1,468,111	2,870,715	3.69
65–69	1,030,716	1,184,988	2,215,704	2.85
70–74	699,604	857,631	1,557,235	2.00
75–79	465,081	639,097	1,104,178	1.42
80–84	353,906	486,504	840,410	1.08
85–89	119,892	240,266	360,158	0.46
90+	30,224	85,053	106,585	0.11

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,683,155	9,179,275	18,862,430	24.28
15–64	26,601,724	26,038,788	52,640,512	67.75
65+	2,699,423	3,493,539	6,192,962	7.97

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	39,511,191	39,229,862	78,741,053	100
0–4	3,275,520	3,105,996	6,381,516	8.10
5–9	3,252,811	3,084,908	6,337,719	8.05
10–14	3,166,860	3,000,125	6,166,985	7.83
15–19	3,382,363	3,203,137	6,585,500	8.36
20–24	3,224,168	3,089,999	6,314,167	8.02
25–29	3,178,350	3,084,899	6,263,249	7.95
30–34	3,252,171	3,175,879	6,428,150	8.16
35–39	3,134,041	3,069,282	6,203,323	7.88
40–44	2,788,425	2,764,155	5,552,580	7.05
45–49	2,337,087	2,252,992	4,590,079	5.83
50–54	2,317,534	2,315,375	4,632,909	5.88
55–59	1,843,354	1,837,816	3,681,170	4.68
60–64	1,515,065	1,593,402	3,108,467	3.95
65–69	1,100,734	1,255,651	2,356,385	2.99
70–74	737,892	888,292	1,626,184	2.07
75–79	501,411	682,335	1,183,746	1.50
80–84	339,904	470,584	810,488	1.03
85–89	128,879	261,571	390,450	0.50
90+	34,622	93,364	127,986	0.16

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,695,191	9,191,029	18,886,220	23.99
15–64	26,972,558	26,387,036	53,359,594	67.77
65+	2,843,442	3,651,797	6,495,239	8.25

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	40,043,650	39,771,221	79,814,871	100
0–4	3,314,542	3,144,753	6,459,295	8.09
5–9	3,253,345	3,084,099	6,337,444	7.94
10–14	3,147,133	2,981,910	6,129,043	7.68
15–19	3,400,443	3,222,876	6,623,319	8.30
20–24	3,247,764	3,117,959	6,365,723	7.98
25–29	3,169,360	3,076,681	6,246,041	7.83
30–34	3,196,645	3,113,766	6,310,411	7.91
35–39	3,275,175	3,219,158	6,494,333	8.14
40–44	2,833,655	2,800,662	5,634,317	7.06
45–49	2,412,875	2,335,639	4,748,514	5.95
50–54	2,381,640	2,374,604	4,756,244	5.96
55–59	1,855,171	1,860,565	3,715,736	4.66
60–64	1,636,510	1,706,438	3,342,948	4.19
65–69	1,132,464	1,280,073	2,412,537	3.02
70–74	763,121	917,371	1,680,492	2.11
75–79	512,607	689,443	1,202,050	1.51
80–84	336,206	473,119	809,325	1.01
85–89	136,238	265,520	401,758	0.50
90+	38,756	106,585	145,341	0.18

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,715,020	9,210,762	18,925,782	23.71
15–64	27,409,238	26,828,348	54,237,586	67.95
65+	2,919,392	3,732,111	6,651,503	8.33

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	40,535,135	40,275,390	80,810,525	100
0–4	3,326,591	3,155,258	6,481,849	8.02
5–9	3,254,177	3,086,592	6,340,769	7.85
10–14	3,188,333	3,022,537	6,210,870	7.69
15–19	3,351,043	3,175,544	6,526,587	8.08
20–24	3,294,336	3,162,174	6,456,510	7.99
25–29	3,163,889	3,067,653	6,231,542	7.71
30–34	3,189,075	3,107,849	6,296,924	7.79
35–39	3,308,413	3,252,283	6,560,696	8.12
40–44	2,891,799	2,849,020	5,740,819	7.10
45–49	2,556,364	2,498,790	5,055,154	6.26
50–54	2,349,139	2,326,316	4,675,455	5.79
55–59	1,977,328	1,989,399	3,966,727	4.91
60–64	1,651,215	1,720,023	3,371,238	4.17
65–69	1,188,986	1,322,918	2,511,904	3.11
70–74	784,614	952,653	1,737,267	2.15
75–79	533,757	715,428	1,249,185	1.55
80–84	330,240	471,436	801,676	0.99
85–89	152,317	282,516	434,833	0.54
90+	43,519	117,001	160,520	0.20

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,769,101	9,264,387	19,033,488	23.55
15–64	27,732,601	27,149,051	54,881,652	67.91
65+	3,033,433	3,861,952	6,895,385	8.53

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	41,139,980	40,863,902	82,003,882	100
0–4	3,327,780	3,157,206	6,484,986	7.91
5–9	3,264,608	3,094,412	6,358,920	7.75
10–14	3,254,277	3,086,146	6,340,423	7.73
15–19	3,299,449	3,124,818	6,424,267	7.83
20–24	3,347,297	3,199,832	6,547,129	7.98
25–29	3,190,023	3,086,446	6,276,469	7.65
30–34	3,205,205	3,127,948	6,333,153	7.72
35–39	3,316,603	3,259,469	6,576,072	8.02
40–44	2,953,329	2,892,697	5,846,026	7.13
45–49	2,670,183	2,640,524	5,310,707	6.48
50–54	2,372,182	2,329,142	4,701,324	5.73
55–59	2,076,882	2,095,459	4,172,341	5.09
60–64	1,692,130	1,753,731	3,445,861	4.20
65–69	1,245,979	1,366,228	2,612,207	3.19
70–74	835,353	1,021,569	1,856,922	2.26
75–79	539,825	722,725	1,262,550	1.54
80–84	318,882	474,854	793,736	0.97
85–89	182,957	302,957	485,914	0.59
90+	47,136	127,739	174,875	0.21

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,846,565	9,337,764	19,184,329	23.39
15–64	28,123,283	27,510,066	55,633,349	67.84
65+	3,170,132	4,016,072	7,186,204	8.76

Structure of the population :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	41,721,136	41,433,861	83,154,997	100
0–4	3,254,719	3,090,417	6,345,136	7.63
5–9	3,316,621	3,144,418	6,461,039	7.77
10–14	3,288,207	3,117,963	6,406,170	7.70
15–19	3,254,891	3,076,703	6,331,594	7.61
20–24	3,392,374	3,231,704	6,624,078	7.97
25–29	3,240,657	3,126,654	6,367,311	7.66
30–34	3,221,381	3,141,636	6,363,017	7.65
35–39	3,324,759	3,260,084	6,584,843	7.92
40–44	3,016,898	2,950,486	5,967,384	7.18
45–49	2,772,838	2,760,721	5,533,559	6.65
50–54	2,367,577	2,307,796	4,675,373	5.62
55–59	2,178,454	2,211,543	4,389,997	5.28
60–64	1,754,500	1,800,269	3,554,769	4.27
65–69	1,301,371	1,421,301	2,722,672	3.27
70–74	907,850	1,109,063	2,016,913	2.43
75–79	560,695	747,604	1,308,299	1.57
80–84	323,732	493,998	817,730	0.98
85–89	192,938	304,472	497,410	0.60
90+	50,674	137,029	187,703	0.23

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,859,547	9,352,798	19,212,345	23.10
15–64	28,524,329	27,867,596	56,391,925	67.82
65+	3,337,260	4,213,467	7,550,727	9.08

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	41,915,985	41,698,377	83,614,362	100
0–4	3,140,172	2,981,535	6,121,707	7.32
5–9	3,349,253	3,177,340	6,526,593	7.81
10–14	3,294,985	3,124,952	6,419,937	7.68
15–19	3,201,588	3,028,526	6,230,114	7.45
20–24	3,408,434	3,255,202	6,663,636	7.97
25–29	3,240,543	3,130,411	6,370,954	7.62
30–34	3,199,710	3,119,184	6,318,894	7.56
35–39	3,270,512	3,203,071	6,473,583	7.74
40–44	3,145,645	3,089,465	6,235,110	7.46
45–49	2,788,035	2,775,631	5,563,666	6.65
50–54	2,325,190	2,259,442	4,584,632	5.48
55–59	2,273,088	2,304,499	4,577,587	5.47
60–64	1,764,938	1,809,456	3,574,394	4.27
65–69	1,399,052	1,539,663	2,938,715	3.51
70–74	960,742	1,170,963	2,131,705	2.55
75–79	583,671	771,675	1,355,346	1.62
80–84	339,767	521,432	861,199	1.03
85–89	177,532	289,216	466,748	0.56
90+	53,128	146,714	199,842	0.24
Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,784,410	9,283,827	19,068,237	22.80
15–64	28,617,683	27,974,887	56,592,570	67.68
65+	3,513,892	4,439,663	7,953,555	9.51

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	42,428,101	42,252,172	84,680,273	100
0–4	3,033,029	2,880,580	5,913,609	6.98
5–9	3,398,812	3,225,390	6,624,202	7.82
10–14	3,304,851	3,133,301	6,438,152	7.60
15–19	3,203,519	3,026,190	6,229,709	7.36
20–24	3,445,410	3,296,170	6,741,580	7.96
25–29	3,296,919	3,179,980	6,476,899	7.65
30–34	3,212,668	3,129,119	6,341,787	7.49
35–39	3,228,063	3,158,145	6,386,208	7.54
40–44	3,294,071	3,253,091	6,547,162	7.73
45–49	2,838,766	2,823,495	5,662,261	6.69
50–54	2,403,726	2,350,758	4,754,484	5.61
55–59	2,337,304	2,369,876	4,707,180	5.56
60–64	1,776,254	1,835,662	3,611 916	4.27
65–69	1,508,990	1,647,458	3,156,448	3.73
70–74	982,573	1,192,451	2,175,024	2.57
75–79	598,307	794,411	1,392,718	1.64
80–84	340,568	520,841	861,409	1.02
85–89	169,807	286,741	456,548	0.54
90+	54,464	148,513	202,977	0.24
Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,736,692	9,239,271	18,975,963	22.41
15–64	29,036,700	28,422,486	57,459,186	67.85
65+	3,654,709	4,590,415	8,245,124	9.74

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	42,704,112	42,575,441	85,279,553	100
0–4	2,904,379	2,759,241	5,663,620	6.64
5–9	3,404,972	3,230,105	6,635,077	7.78
10–14	3,303,371	3,133,043	6,436,414	7.55
15–19	3,244,500	3,070,609	6,315,109	7.41
20–24	3,388,724	3,245,984	6,634,708	7.78
25–29	3,334,439	3,218,730	6,553,169	7.68
30–34	3,199,028	3,116,019	6,315,047	7.41
35–39	3,215,451	3,151,290	6,366,741	7.47
40–44	3,321,873	3,284,156	6,606,029	7.75
45–49	2,893,831	2,869,703	5,763,534	6.76
50–54	2,543,588	2,511,036	5,054,624	5.93
55–59	2,305,846	2,321,295	4,627,141	5.53
60–64	1,893,862	1,962,809	3,856,671	4.52
65–69	1,523,412	1,661,877	3,185,289	3.74
70–74	1,031,897	1,232,222	2,264,119	2.65
75–79	617,021	827,777	1,444,798	1.69
80–84	353,290	540,167	893,457	1.05
85–89	165,676	284,407	450,083	0.53
90+	58,952	154,971	213,923	0.25
Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,612,722	9,122,389	18,735,111	21.97
15–64	29,341,142	28,751,631	58,092,773	68.12
65+	3,750,248	4,701,421	8,451,669	9.91

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	42,734,071	42,638,306	85,372,377	100
0–4	2,741,873	2,606,181	5,348,054	6.26
5–9	3,368,825	3,197,661	6,566,486	7.69
10–14	3,283,764	3,113,329	6,397,093	7.49
15–19	3,283,511	3,113,008	6,396,519	7.49
20–24	3,317,007	3,158,513	6,475,520	7.59
25–29	3,330,851	3,212,210	6,543,061	7.66
30–34	3,172,482	3,094,683	6,267,165	7.34
35–39	3,190,762	3,138,484	6,329,246	7.41
40–44	3,298,682	3,265,956	6,564,638	7.69
45–49	2,932,767	2,894,024	5,826,791	6.83
50–54	2,637,680	2,634,986	5,272,666	6.18
55–59	2,315,313	2,311,209	4,626,522	5.42
60–64	1,980,198	2,055,612	4,035,810	4.73
65–69	1,554,059	1,686,354	3,240,413	3.80
70–74	1,077,788	1,267,553	2,345,341	2.75
75–79	656,329	886,599	1,542,928	1.81
80–84	357,820	546,603	904,423	1.06
85–89	163,397	288,413	451,810	0.53
90+	70,963	166,928	237,891	0.28
Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,394,462	8,917,171	18,311,633	21.45
15–64	29,459,253	28,878,685	58,337,938	68.33
65+	3,880,356	4,842,450	8,722,806	10.22

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group :

Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
Total	42,853,110	42,811,834	85,664,944	100
0–4	2,606,763	2,475,623	5,082,386	5.93
5–9	3,274,360	3,110,725	6,385,085	7.45
10–14	3,314,979	3,144,115	6,459,094	7.54
15–19	3,298,654	3,129,876	6,428,530	7.50
20–24	3,235,130	3,099,499	6,334,629	7.39
25–29	3,336,548	3,218,069	6,554,617	7.65
30–34	3,182,620	3,105,980	6,288,600	7.34
35–39	3,174,570	3,125,998	6,300,568	7.35
40–44	3,282,536	3,245,656	6,528,192	7.62
45–49	2,979,015	2,933,900	5,912,915	6.90
50–54	2,726,368	2,739,014	5,465,382	6.38
55–59	2,301,684	2,277,880	4,579,564	5.35
60–64	2,072,512	2,160,572	4,223,084	4.93
65–69	1,608,416	1,725,547	3,333,963	3.89
70–74	1,124,799	1,316,670	2,441,469	2.85
75–79	716,554	964,063	1,680,617	1.96
80–84	374,066	568,407	942,473	1.10
85–89	167,988	300,951	468,939	0.55
90+	75,548	169,289	244,837	0.29
Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	9,196,102	8,730,463	17,926,565	20.92
15–64	29,589,637	29,036,444	58,626,081	68.44
65+	4,067,371	5,044,927	9,112,298	10.64

Vital statistics

Registered births and deaths

	Population	Live births	Deaths	Natural change	Crude birth rate	Crude death	Natural increase	Crude migration	Total fertility rate
1980	44,736,957	1,106,652	130,062	976,590	24.7				3.41
1985	50,664,458	985,917	141,324	844,593	19.5				2.59
1990	56,473,035	1,179,795	150,292	1,029,503	20.9				2.65
2000	67,803,927	1,434,297	174,315	1,259,982	21.6	7.3	14.3		2.53
2001		1,323,341	175,137	1,148,204	20.3	6.9	13.4		2.38
2002		1,229,555	175,434	1,054,121	18.6	6.6	12.0		2.17
2003		1,198,927	184,330	1,014,597	17.9	6.3	11.6		2.09
2004		1,222,484	187,086	1,035,398	18.1	6.1	12.0		2.11
2005		1,244,041	197,520	1,046,521	18.2	5.9	12.3		2.12
2006		1,255,432	210,146	1,045,286	18.1	5.7	12.4		2.12
2007	70,586,256	1,289,992	212,731	1,077,261	18.4	5.6	12.8		2.16
2008	71,517,100	1,295,511	215,562	1,079,949	18.2	5.5	12.7	−2.1	2.15
2009	72,561,312	1,266,751	369,703	897,048	17.6	5.1	12.5	2.0	2.10
2010	73,722,988	1,261,169	366,471	894,698	17.2	5.0	12.2	3.6	2.08
2011	74,724,269	1,252,812	376,162	876,650	16.9	5.1	11.8	1.7	2.05
2012	75,627,384	1,294,605	376,520	918,085	17.2	5.0	12.2	−0.2	2.11
2013	76,667,864	1,297,505	373,041	924,464	17.0	4.9	12.1	1.5	2.11
2014	77,695,904	1,351,088	391,091	959,997	17.5	5.1	12.4	0.9	2.19
2015	78,741,053	1,336,908	405,528	931,380	17.1	5.2	11.9	1.4	2.16
2016	79,814,871	1,316,204	422,964	893,240	16.6	5.3	11.3	2.3	2.11
2017	80,810,525	1,300,258	426,857	873,401	16.2	5.3	10.9	1.5	2.08
2018	82,003,882	1,257,071	426,785	830,286	15.4	5.2	10.2	4.4	2.00
2019	83,154,997	1,191,709	436,624	755,085	14.4	5.3	9.1	4.8	1.89
2020	83,614,362	1,119,755	509,147	610,608	13.4	6.1	7.3	−1.8	1.77
2021	84,680,273	1,085,450	566,745	518,705	12.9	6.7	6.2	6.5	1.71
2022	85,279,553	1,040,860	505,465	535,395	12.2	5.9	6.3	0.8	1.63
2023	85,372,377	961,566	526,416	435,150	11.3	6.2	5.1	-4.0	1.51
2024	85,664,944	937,559	489,361	448,198	11.0	5.7	5.3	-1.8	1.48
2025		889,598

Current vital statistics

Birth statistics of Turkey from 2001 onward are from the Central Population Administrative System database which is available online. Birth statistics are updated continually because MERNIS has dynamic structure.
In 2023 Turkey had a crude birth rate of 11.3 per 1000, in 2024 11.0, down from 20.3 in 2001. The total fertility rate in 2023 was 1.51 children per woman, in 2024 1.48 The crude birth rate in 2023 ranged from 8.7 per 1,000 in West Marmara , similar to neighbouring Bulgaria, to 19.1 per 1,000 in Southeastern [Anatolia Region|Southeast Anatolia] , similar to neighbouring Syria. Similarly, in 2024, the TFR ranged from 1.12 in Bartın, to 3.28 in Şanlıurfa. Death statistics from MERNIS are available as of 2009. Mortality data prior to 2009 are incomplete.

Demographic and Health Surveys

Fertility Rate and CBR :

Year	CBR	TFR	CBR	TFR	CBR	TFR
1993	22.9	2.7	21.7	2.4	24.0	3.1
1998	23.4	2.61	22.8	2.39	24.7	3.08

Total fertility rate by region in Turkey by Turkish General Census and Turkish population and health research.

	South-East	East	Mediterranean	Black Sea	Central	Aegean	Marmara	Turkey
TNSA 1978	-	6.31	3.77	4.99	4.26	-	2.89	4.33
GNS 1980	4.61	4.64	3.50	3.65	3.76	2.81	2.73	3.41
TNSA 1993	-	4.40	2.37	3.15	2.44	-	2.03	2.65
TNSA 1998	-	4.19	2.55	2.68	2.56	-	2.03	2.61
GNS 2000	4.31	3.72	2.43	2.28	2.29	1.96	1.88	2.53
TNSA 2003	-	3.65	2.30	1.94	1.86	-	1.88	2.23

Fertility rate in Turkey as per GNS for Rural, Urban and Metropolitan areas.

	South-East	East	Mediterranean	Black Sea	Central	Aegean	Marmara	Turkey
GNS rural 2000	4.80	4.52	2.52	2.56	2.91	2.23	2.03	2.87
GNS urban 2000	4.05	3.08	2.38	2.01	2.05	1.80	1.85	2.20
GNS metropolitan 2000	3.81	2.34	2.41	1.87	1.89	1.60	1.83	2.03

UN estimates

The 2018 figures from the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs:

Life expectancy

Period	Life expectancy in Years	Period	Life expectancy in Years
1950–1955	41.01	1985–1990	63.04
1955–1960	43.69	1990–1995	65.49
1960–1965	47.22	1995–2000	68.49
1965–1970	50.78	2000–2005	71.37
1970–1975	53.75	2005–2010	73.37
1975–1980	57.05	2010–2015	74.83
1980–1985	60.22	2015–2020	77.31

by regions

Data source: Global Data Lab

Regional data

Birth and death rates

Region	Population	Birth Rate /2024	Birth Rate /2023	Birth Rate /2022	Birth Rate /2021	Birth Rate /2020	Birth Rate /2019	Birth Rate /2018	Birth Rate /2017	Birth Rate /2016	Birth Rate /2015	Birth Rate /2014	Birth Rate /2013	Birth Rate /2012	Birth Rate /2011	Birth Rate /2010	Birth Rate /2009
Turkey	'	11.0	11.3	12.2	12.9	13.4	14.4	15.4	16.2	16.6	17.1	17.5	17.0	17.2	16.9	17.2	17.6
İstanbul		9.9	10.0	10.8	11.6	12.4	13.6	14.8	15.6	16.3	16.7	17.0	16.4	16.5	15.9	16.3	16.4
West Marmara		8.7	9.0	9.4	9.6	10.1	10.7	11.5	11.8	11.9	12.0	12.1	11.9	11.9	11.6	11.5	11.7
Aegean		8.7	9.2	9.8	10.2	10.7	11.4	12.2	12.9	13.2	13.6	13.8	13.4	13.7	13.2	13.3	13.7
East Marmara		10.0	10.4	11.1	11.8	12.2	13.2	14.2	14.6	15.0	15.2	15.3	14.8	15.0	14.5	14.8	15.2
West Anatolia		9.8	10.2	11.0	11.4	12.1	13.0	14.1	14.7	15.1	15.5	15.8	15.4	15.4	15.2	15.4	15.8
Mediterranean		10.9	11.1	12.3	12.8	13.3	14.3	15.4	16.3	17.0	17.5	18.0	17.6	17.8	17.3	17.8	18.3
Central Anatolia		10.2	10.4	11.4	11.8	12.4	13.2	14.1	14.9	15.4	15.8	16.4	16.0	16.3	16.4	16.7	17.6
West [Black Sea Region \|West Black Sea]		8.2	8.4	9.0	9.4	9.8	10.6	11.2	11.6	11.9	12.2	12.7	12.8	13.0	13.0	13.6	14.2
East Black Sea		8.4	8.8	9.4	9.8	10.3	11.0	11.6	12.0	12.3	12.5	12.8	12.8	13.0	13.1	13.6	14.1
Northeast Anatolia		13.0	13.7	15.1	16.5	17.1	18.4	19.1	20.6	21.2	21.7	22.7	22.4	22.8	22.9	23.4	23.1
Central East Anatolia		14.0	14.3	16.0	16.9	17.8	19.3	20.0	21.1	21.2	21.9	23.0	22.6	22.5	22.9	23.6	23.9
Southeast Anatolia		19.1	19.3	21.5	22.7	22.5	23.9	25.5	26.6	26.7	27.8	28.7	27.6	28.0	27.7	28.2	28.3

Region	Population	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate	Death Rate
Turkey	'	5.7	6.2	5.9	6.7	6.1	5.3	5.2	5.3	5.3	5.2	5.1	4.9	5.0	5.1	5.0	5.1
İstanbul		4.5	4.4	4.7	5.4	4.9	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.1	4.1	3.9	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.2
West Marmara		8.4	8.3	9.0	9.8	8.1	7.7	7.8	7.8	7.7	7.8	7.5	7.1	7.3	7.3	7.3	7.3
Aegean		7.3	7.1	7.7	8.2	7.5	6.7	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.4	6.1	5.9	6.2	6.2	5.9	6.0
East Marmara		6.1	5.9	6.4	7.3	6.3	5.6	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.5	5.4	5.5	5.5	5.5	5.6
West Anatolia		5.3	5.4	5.5	6.2	6.1	5.0	5.0	5.0	4.9	4.7	4.7	4.5	4.6	4.7	4.6	4.8
Mediterranean		5.6	8.5	5.7	6.5	5.8	5.0	4.9	4.9	5.0	4.8	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.5
Central Anatolia		6.5	6.3	6.7	7.8	7.1	5.9	5.9	6.1	6.1	5.9	5.8	5.5	5.5	5.7	5.5	5.7
West Black Sea		8.1	8.1	8.8	9.9	8.5	7.6	7.6	7.6	7.6	7.4	7.3	6.9	7.0	7.0	6.8	7.0
East Black Sea		7.8	7.6	8.7	9.6	8.0	7.2	7.0	7.3	7.0	6.9	6.8	6.3	6.5	6.5	6.2	6.4
Northeast Anatolia		5.1	4.9	5.2	6.1	5.7	4.9	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	4.9	4.8	5.0	5.4	5.0	5.1
Central East Anatolia		4.2	4.5	4.3	5.2	5.1	4.1	4.0	4.2	4.2	4.1	4.1	4.1	4.1	4.5	4.4	4.5
Southeast Anatolia		3.5	4.9	3.5	4.3	4.2	3.5	3.3	3.4	3.7	3.4	3.5	3.4	3.5	3.6	3.7	3.8

Regional births and deaths

Region	Population	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births	Births
Turkey	'	937559	961566	1040860	1085450	1119755	1191709	1257071	1300258	1316204	1336908	1351088	1297505	1294605	1252812	1261169	1266751	1295511	1289992	1255432	1244041	1222484	1198927	1229555	1323341	1434297	1179795	985917	1106652
İstanbul		154550	157378	171187	181197	192857	208685	223223	233220	240027	242888	242397	229390	226594	213441	213821	210441	226109	222060	207872	205241	197065	187823	182003	188549	190569	136654	99701	108256
West Marmara		33067	33872	34909	35104	36554	38191	40590	40933	40495	40391	40138	38806	38517	37058	36284	36400	36411	36643	35651	35155	34312	33156	33733	36988	40739	40685	33838	42280
Aegean		95526	100629	106687	109755	113681	120198	127652	132868	134176	137187	137438	132299	133419	127833	128112	129927	135479	135506	129660	127627	124388	119110	120964	133182	153782	135270	109981	130742
East Marmara		86390	89353	93615	97746	100069	106173	112197	113462	113585	112635	111115	105761	105203	99704	100386	100928	101848	99483	93125	90140	88121	85016	87245	95562	100858	83098	68201	82368
West Anatolia		82300	85592	91109	93960	98268	104723	111434	115079	116456	117694	117405	112593	111279	108026	106921	107734	115491	114063	108092	106790	102151	99888	100871	107714	129668	103704	95250	108698
Mediterranean		118218	121634	134792	138397	142755	151165	159781	166815	171561	174874	177272	170686	169985	163817	166123	167506	173576	170512	165986	162685	155983	153491	154160	168391	189480	151932	125978	129129
Central Anatolia		42414	43314	46952	48417	50458	53929	56569	58933	60381	61569	63446	61669	62634	62989	64216	67174	67033	68239	68476	68020	67929	67222	71697	79713	92958	81108	72250	80043
West Black Sea		38651	39340	41949	43955	45809	49629	51719	52779	53722	54995	57099	57369	58377	58511	61393	63972	63456	64389	63668	65659	68199	69885	76942	86266	97317	102553	98681	123940
East Black Sea		22920	23993	25181	26256	27717	29658	31024	31556	32092	32144	32817	32558	32774	32836	34272	35565	34101	34534	34157	34216	36354	38340	42090	46843	59019	54769	56357	66438
Northeast Anatolia		28096	29531	32755	36047	37601	40651	41932	45262	46609	47720	49996	49605	50781	50779	51578	50778	47677	49640	51435	52908	54722	56050	59391	63135	66930	55361	52459	59162
Central East Anatolia		54497	56013	63110	66513	70108	75817	77904	81133	81298	83682	87027	84963	84018	84344	86055	86812	84725	86348	87951	88721	92235	90526	94643	100609	103527	83728	69480	75411
Southeast Anatolia		180930	180917	198614	208103	203878	212890	223029	228218	225802	231129	234938	221806	221024	213474	212008	209514	209605	208575	209359	206879	201025	198420	205816	216389	207810	149333	102931	100185

Region	Population	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths	Deaths
Turkey	'	489361		505465	566745	509147	436624	426785	426857	422964	405528	391091	373041	376520	376162	366471	369703	215562	212731	210146	197520	187086	184330	175434	175137	174315	150292	141324	130062
İstanbul		71248	70020	73888	84288	76421	63486	62594	63389	62572	60093	58009	54770	54696	53165	52812	53761	50403	50830	50436	49621	41161	38732	34378	38242	38600	38862	32551	32395
West Marmara		32191	31194	33335	35757	29389	27589	27456	27222	26416	26145	24864	23229	23496	23167	23007	22687	9703	9217	9231	8554	8635	8616	8117	7828	8033	6593	6854	5763
Aegean		80310	78053	83188	87919	79807	71047	68644	68480	67699	64844	61126	57651	60234	59623	56658	57068	31568	31657	32125	29582	30065	29600	28865	27675	28093	23088	22497	17114
East Marmara		52303	50468	53665	60306	51540	45264	44858	44254	43628	41991	40007	38291	38220	38094	37526	37379	24484	24165	24265	19707	19578	19354	19505	18815	18164	14944	13387	12015
West Anatolia		44666	44772	45827	51281	50005	39814	39382	38917	37765	35814	34589	33219	33369	33097	32270	32976	26773	26777	26560	25700	25191	24898	23935	23768	23308	18521	18159	19339
Mediterranean		61181	92765	62717	69866	61599	52801	50776	50548	50229	47411	45439	43949	43404	42900	41834	41264	22845	22646	21508	20457	19968	20103	19136	18427	18692	14578	14210	12150
Central Anatolia		26971	26323	27487	31871	28805	24198	23890	24009	23914	23086	22379	21238	21049	21873	21299	21582	9628	9265	8875	8608	8531	8729	8284	7937	7851	6408	6350	5396
West Black Sea		38454	38231	40948	46107	39596	35366	34984	34756	34359	33355	32772	31011	31476	31651	30541	31279	12351	11562	11742	11122	10575	10872	10575	10046	9673	9190	9160	8204
East Black Sea		21240	20733	23375	25909	21344	19345	18606	19186	18339	17672	17292	15996	16504	16266	15574	16158	5197	4625	4614	4312	4464	4567	4181	4147	3777	3008	3210	1929
Northeast Anatolia		11076	10707	11358	13381	12568	10779	10900	10930	11020	11013	10787	10667	11052	11870	10955	11154	3675	3573	3298	3198	3296	3276	3100	2985	3081	2176	3146	2763
Central East Anatolia		16279	17572	16990	20482	19989	15969	15530	16132	16132	15685	15441	15430	15419	16551	16114	16491	6093	5817	5633	5511	5140	5035	5160	5030	4814	4054	3802	3154
Southeast Anatolia		33442	45578	32687	39578	38084	30966	29165	29034	30891	28419	28386	27590	27601	27905	27881	27904	12842	12597	11859	11148	10482	10548	10198	10237	10229	8870	7998	9840

Regional natural increase

Region

Population

Natural Increase

Turkey

448 198/5.3

435 150/5.1

535 395/6.3

518 705/6.2

610 608/7.3

755 085/9.1

830 286/10.2

873 401/10.9

893 240/11.3

931 380/11.9

959 997/12.4

924 464/12.1

918 085/12.2

876 650/11.8

894 698/12.2

897 048/12.5

İstanbul

83 302/5.4

87 358/5.6

97 299/6.1

96 909/6.2

116 436/7.5

145 119/9.4

160 629/10.6

169 831/11.4

177 455/12.0

182 795/12.6

184 388/12.9

174 620/12.5

171 898/12.5

160 276/11.9

161 009/12.3

156 680/12.2

West Marmara

876/0.3

2 678/0.7

1 574/0.4

−653/−0.2

7 165/2.0

10 602/3.0

13 151/3.7

13 711/4.0

14 079/4.2

14 246/4.2

15 274/4.6

15 577/4.8

15 021/4.6

13 891/4.3

13 277/4.2

13 713/4.4

Aegean

15 216/1.4

22 576/2.1

23 499/2.1

21 836/2.0

33 874/3.2

49 151/4.7

59 008/5.6

64 388/6.3

66 477/6.6

72 343/7.2

76 312/7.7

74 648/7.5

73 185/7.5

68 210/7.0

71 454/7.4

72 859/7.7

East Marmara

34 087/3.9

38 885/4.5

39 950/4.7

37 440/4.5

48 529/5.9

60 909/7.6

67 339/8.5

69 208/8.9

69 957/9.3

70 644/9.5

71 108/9.8

67 470/9.4

66 983/9.5

61 610/9.0

62 860/9.3

63 549/9.6

West Anatolia

37 634/4.5

40 820/4.8

45 282/5.5

42 679/5.2

48 263/6.0

64 909/8.0

72 052/9.1

76 162/9.7

78 691/10.2

81 880/10.8

82 816/11.1

79 374/10.9

77 910/10.8

74 929/10.5

74 651/10.8

74 758/11.0

Mediterranean

57 037/5.3

28 869/2.6

72 075/6.6

68 531/6.3

81 156/7.5

98 364/9.3

109 005/10.5

116 267/11.4

121 332/12.0

127 463/12.7

131 833/13.4

126 737/13.1

126 581/13.3

120 917/12.8

124 289/13.3

126 242/13.8

Central Anatolia

15 443/3.7

16 991/4.1

19 465/4.7

16 546/4.0

21 653/5.3

29 731/7.3

32 679/8.2

34 924/8.8

36 467/9.3

38 483/9.9

41 067/10.6

40 431/10.5

41 585/10.8

41 116/10.7

42 917/11.2

45 592/11.9

West Black Sea

197/0.1

1 109/0.3

1 001/0.2

−2 152/−0.5

6 213/1.3

14 263/3.0

16 735/3.6

18 023/4.0

19 363/4.3

21 640/4.8

24 327/5.4

26 358/5.9

26 901/6.0

26 860/6.0

30 852/6.8

32 693/7.2

East Black Sea

1 680/0.6

3 260/1.2

1 806/0.7

347/0.2

6 373/2.3

10 313/3.8

12 418/4.6

12 370/4.7

13 753/5.3

14 472/5.6

15 525/6.0

16 562/6.5

16 270/6.5

16 570/6.6

18 698/7.4

19 407/7.7

Northeast Anatolia

17 020/7.9

18 824/8.8

21 397/9.9

22 666/10.4

25 033/11.4

29 872/13.5

31 032/14.1

34 332/15.6

35 589/16.2

36 707/16.7

39 209/17.8

38 938/17.6

39 729/17.8

38 909/17.5

40 623/18.4

39 624/18.0

Central East Anatolia

38 218/9.8

38 441/9.8

46 120/11.7

46 031/11.7

50 119/12.7

59 848/15.2

62 374/16.0

65 001/16.9

65 166/17.0

67 997/17.8

71 586/18.9

69 533/18.5

68 599/18.4

67 793/18.4

69 941/19.2

70 321/19.4

Southeast Anatolia

147 488/15.6

135 339/14.4

165 927/18.0

168 525/18.4

165 794/18.3

181 924/20.4

193 864/22.2

199 184/23.2

194 911/23.0

202 710/24.4

206 552/25.2

194 216/24.2

193 423/24.5

185 569/24.1

184 127/24.5

181 610/24.5

Regional total fertility rate (TFR)

Figures from Turkish Statistical Institute :

Province	Population	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR	TFR
Turkey	85 664 944	3.41	2.59	2.65	2.53	2.10	2.08	2.05	2.11	2.11	2.19	2.16	2.11	2.08	2.00	1.89	1.77	1.71	1.63	1.51	1.48
İstanbul	15 701 602	2.69	1.96	2.08	1.97	1.77	1.77	1.72	1.80	1.81	1.89	1.88	1.86	1.80	1.73	1.61	1.49	1.39	1.30	1.21	1.20
West Marmara	3 832 502					1.54	1.54	1.57	1.63	1.64	1.69	1.69	1.69	1.70	1.67	1.57	1.50	1.43	1.41	1.35	1.31
Tekirdağ	1 187 162	2.64	1.76	2.09	1.83	1.69	1.67	1.72	1.79	1.82	1.88	1.94	1.93	1.94	1.93	1.78	1.65	1.59	1.53	1.46	1.42
Edirne	421 247	2.41	1.80	1.82	1.66	1.43	1.39	1.45	1.51	1.49	1.46	1.54	1.49	1.47	1.44	1.34	1.35	1.31	1.31	1.23	1.22
Kırklareli	379 031	2.75	1.84	1.94	1.70	1.38	1.39	1.35	1.45	1.45	1.56	1.56	1.49	1.54	1.49	1.44	1.40	1.30	1.31	1.25	1.21
Balıkesir	1 276 096	2.42	1.87	2.09	1.95	1.53	1.56	1.58	1.62	1.66	1.72	1.66	1.67	1.67	1.63	1.54	1.49	1.42	1.42	1.36	1.32
Çanakkale	568 966	2.53	1.64	1.91	1.68	1.50	1.44	1.53	1.58	1.52	1.57	1.55	1.56	1.58	1.57	1.47	1.40	1.32	1.28	1.30	1.22
Aegean	10 974 357	2.81			1.96	1.69	1.66	1.66	1.74	1.73	1.80	1.80	1.76	1.75	1.68	1.58	1.50	1.45	1.41	1.34	1.28
İzmir	4 493 242	2.52	1.85	2.00	1.75	1.57	1.54	1.56	1.66	1.64	1.72	1.73	1.69	1.67	1.60	1.49	1.40	1.36	1.32	1.23	1.17
Aydın	1 165 943	2.62	2.00	2.13	2.12	1.74	1.71	1.69	1.82	1.79	1.84	1.86	1.83	1.88	1.79	1.68	1.58	1.55	1.49	1.42	1.37
Denizli	1 061 371	2.95	2.23	2.32	2.19	1.73	1.66	1.70	1.74	1.76	1.87	1.86	1.81	1.80	1.72	1.62	1.56	1.50	1.48	1.41	1.35
Muğla	1 081 867	2.65	1.96	2.04	1.94	1.71	1.70	1.67	1.76	1.73	1.76	1.77	1.74	1.71	1.66	1.55	1.50	1.44	1.35	1.29	1.23
Manisa	1 475 353	2.82	2.02	2.24	2.14	1.78	1.77	1.79	1.86	1.89	1.94	1.93	1.91	1.87	1.84	1.75	1.69	1.64	1.62	1.57	1.48
Afyonkarahisar	750 193	3.74	2.21	2.51	2.82	2.06	2.01	2.01	2.03	1.98	2.09	2.08	2.01	1.97	1.89	1.84	1.75	1.67	1.62	1.54	1.47
Kütahya	571 078	3.10	2.17	2.29	2.19	1.55	1.60	1.53	1.55	1.52	1.58	1.59	1.52	1.51	1.43	1.34	1.32	1.21	1.18	1.16	1.24
Uşak	375 310	3.18	2.20	2.23	2.18	1.64	1.67	1.64	1.74	1.76	1.80	1.75	1.69	1.70	1.60	1.51	1.45	1.38	1.39	1.33	1.24
East Marmara	8 676 119					1.77	1.74	1.71	1.80	1.80	1.88	1.90	1.89	1.87	1.84	1.72	1.61	1.56	1.48	1.41	1.36
Bursa	3 238 618	2.86	2.05	2.03	1.98	1.78	1.77	1.73	1.85	1.85	1.90	1.92	1.91	1.89	1.87	1.75	1.65	1.57	1.48	1.41	1.37
Eskişehir	921 630	2.74	2.03	1.96	1.74	1.40	1.38	1.38	1.46	1.48	1.57	1.56	1.54	1.55	1.50	1.41	1.35	1.35	1.30	1.20	1.12
Bilecik	228 495	2.87	2.13	2.05	1.98	1.71	1.67	1.63	1.75	1.77	1.78	1.72	1.74	1.70	1.69	1.62	1.50	1.45	1.40	1.39	1.37
Kocaeli	2 130 006	3.23	2.16	2.31	2.13	1.90	1.87	1.82	1.91	1.91	2.04	2.07	2.05	2.02	1.97	1.86	1.70	1.66	1.58	1.49	1.42
Sakarya	1 110 735	3.29	2.02	2.35	2.23	1.87	1.82	1.78	1.85	1.83	1.91	1.94	1.95	1.95	1.95	1.81	1.69	1.68	1.56	1.53	1.44
Düzce	412 344	not a province	not a province	not a province	2.18	1.87	1.83	1.82	1.81	1.87	1.90	1.86	1.90	1.84	1.78	1.72	1.60	1.50	1.49	1.43	1.43
Bolu	326 409	3.34	2.28	2.40	1.93	1.60	1.57	1.64	1.59	1.64	1.66	1.60	1.62	1.57	1.52	1.47	1.36	1.37	1.32	1.24	1.27
Yalova	307 882	not a province	not a province	not a province	1.93	1.78	1.64	1.62	1.72	1.69	1.81	1.79	1.89	1.83	1.76	1.66	1.50	1.48	1.40	1.32	1.36
West Anatolia	8 456 864					1.83	1.80	1.79	1.83	1.85	1.91	1.90	1.87	1.84	1.78	1.66	1.55	1.48	1.43	1.34	1.28
Ankara	5 864 049	2.83	2.04	2.07	1.90	1.68	1.66	1.65	1.68	1.71	1.77	1.77	1.74	1.72	1.65	1.54	1.42	1.34	1.29	1.21	1.15
Konya	2 330 024	3.57	2.70	2.64	3.00	2.14	2.12	2.13	2.18	2.18	2.26	2.21	2.19	2.13	2.08	1.95	1.85	1.81	1.76	1.65	1.59
Karaman	262 791	not a province	not a province	2.86	2.77	2.15	1.95	1.98	2.02	2.09	2.05	2.13	2.10	2.07	1.95	1.85	1.78	1.66	1.61	1.51	1.42
Mediterranean	10 936 452	3.50		2.37	2.43	2.20	2.18	2.14	2.23	2.24	2.32	2.29	2.24	2.18	2.08	1.96	1.84	1.77	1.72	1.57	1.55
Antalya	2 722 103	2.98	2.06	2.19	1.93	1.91	1.87	1.84	1.93	1.91	1.96	1.99	1.94	1.84	1.76	1.64	1.55	1.48	1.38	1.31	1.25
Isparta	446 409	2.77	2.11	2.02	2.04	1.76	1.66	1.66	1.72	1.71	1.76	1.73	1.72	1.78	1.64	1.56	1.46	1.43	1.39	1.34	1.28
Burdur	275 826	3.03	1.88	2.10	2.12	1.74	1.73	1.68	1.66	1.68	1.79	1.79	1.74	1.67	1.58	1.50	1.42	1.37	1.37	1.37	1.35
Adana	2 280 484	3.32	3.03	3.00	2.68	2.18	2.14	2.12	2.21	2.25	2.34	2.33	2.26	2.23	2.13	2.02	1.88	1.83	1.83	1.69	1.64
Mersin	1 954 279	3.54	2.55	2.60	2.38	2.03	2.04	2.00	2.12	2.12	2.21	2.17	2.15	2.09	2.03	1.87	1.78	1.72	1.69	1.56	1.52
Hatay	1 562 185	4.46	3.36	3.16	2.97	2.57	2.54	2.51	2.63	2.63	2.82	2.75	2.70	2.61	2.51	2.39	2.21	2.15	2.06	1.79	1.86
Kahramanmaraş	1 134 105	3.96	3.59	3.19	3.54	2.70	2.68	2.66	2.68	2.74	2.74	2.64	2.61	2.55	2.40	2.24	2.12	2.00	1.95	1.72	1.78
Osmaniye	561 061	not a province	not a province	not a province	2.95	2.55	2.57	2.40	2.51	2.51	2.59	2.50	2.43	2.40	2.27	2.22	2.04	1.93	1.99	1.82	1.83
Central Anatolia	4 160 359					2.16	2.08	2.06	2.07	2.06	2.14	2.09	2.05	1.99	1.89	1.80	1.68	1.62	1.57	1.45	1.43
Kırıkkale	283 053	not a province	not a province	2.30	2.39	1.77	1.70	1.60	1.59	1.65	1.69	1.72	1.70	1.69	1.60	1.54	1.43	1.39	1.33	1.24	1.24
Aksaray	439 474	not a province	not a province	2.99	2.85	2.42	2.35	2.34	2.30	2.30	2.36	2.31	2.24	2.20	2.14	2.01	1.94	1.87	1.85	1.71	1.65
Niğde	372 708	4.50	3.22	3.21	2.98	2.40	2.28	2.23	2.32	2.25	2.33	2.19	2.20	2.08	2.00	1.93	1.77	1.73	1.69	1.59	1.54
Nevşehir	317.952	3.55	2.62	2.34	2.55	2.10	1.98	1.97	1.98	1.95	2.10	1.98	1.94	1.88	1.79	1.68	1.63	1.58	1.52	1.41	1.39
Kırşehir	244 546	3.65	2.67	2.28	2.40	1.72	1.69	1.69	1.75	1.78	1.86	1.82	1.79	1.77	1.73	1.66	1.49	1.40	1.38	1.29	1.34
Kayseri	1 452 458	3.73	2.97	2.61	2.62	2.21	2.14	2.16	2.18	2.17	2.25	2.20	2.14	2.04	1.97	1.86	1.72	1.66	1.61	1.47	1.46
Sivas	637 007	3.62	3.29	2.82	2.76	2.07	2.02	1.99	1.99	1.94	1.99	1.98	1.96	1.94	1.78	1.73	1.64	1.56	1.46	1.38	1.35
Yozgat	413 161	3.66	2.96	2.99	2.84	2.25	2.07	2.04	2.03	1.98	2.08	2.09	2.01	1.99	1.84	1.73	1.64	1.55	1.50	1.39	1.37
West Black Sea	4 711 687					1.84	1.79	1.74	1.77	1.76	1.77	1.73	1.69	1.67	1.63	1.57	1.47	1.42	1.36	1.28	1.27
Zonguldak	586 802	4.02	2.59	2.31	1.93	1.71	1.65	1.58	1.62	1.59	1.60	1.56	1.50	1.49	1.43	1.39	1.31	1.27	1.19	1.14	1.15
Karabük	250 478	not a province	not a province	not a province	1.99	1.67	1.60	1.62	1.54	1.59	1.56	1.57	1.46	1.51	1.49	1.42	1.29	1.33	1.22	1.14	1.20
Bartın	206 715	not a province	not a province	2.31	2.11	1.68	1.67	1.61	1.50	1.57	1.69	1.59	1.55	1.45	1.48	1.43	1.38	1.25	1.26	1.13	1.12
Kastamonu	381 991	3.44	2.47	2.65	2.18	1.70	1.69	1.64	1.69	1.68	1.59	1.63	1.59	1.51	1.54	1.48	1.41	1.39	1.40	1.28	1.32
Çankırı	199 981	4.07	2.81	2.61	2.27	1.97	1.93	1.91	1.84	1.78	1.87	1.79	1.84	1.76	1.69	1.69	1.67	1.69	1.51	1.43	1.37
Sinop	226 957	4.35	3.39	3.38	2.48	1.91	1.81	1.77	1.84	1.75	1.79	1.73	1.71	1.71	1.62	1.62	1.57	1.47	1.41	1.31	1.30
Samsun	1 382 376	3.73	2.71	2.73	2.55	1.87	1.81	1.77	1.83	1.83	1.85	1.82	1.80	1.78	1.75	1.65	1.51	1.43	1.38	1.33	1.33
Tokat	612 674	3.71	3.15	2.93	3.06	1.95	1.92	1.83	1.79	1.82	1.83	1.74	1.70	1.67	1.64	1.61	1.47	1.43	1.40	1.35	1.29
Çorum	521 335	4.05	2.92	3.06	2.66	1.93	1.90	1.86	1.96	1.89	1.97	1.85	1.87	1.80	1.74	1.69	1.58	1.52	1.45	1.33	1.30
Amasya	342 378	3.91	2.38	2.55	2.34	1.80	1.75	1.71	1.75	1.78	1.75	1.80	1.70	1.72	1.66	1.60	1.48	1.46	1.39	1.31	1.22
East Black Sea	2 707 777					1.86	1.81	1.77	1.78	1.77	1.81	1.78	1.77	1.73	1.69	1.61	1.52	1.46	1.40	1.34	1.30
Trabzon	822 270	3.25	2.41	2.23	2.10	1.87	1.82	1.78	1.80	1.79	1.84	1.86	1.85	1.82	1.80	1.68	1.56	1.53	1.43	1.39	1.32
Ordu	770 711	3.36	2.56	2.60	2.81	1.94	1.89	1.84	1.86	1.85	1.89	1.83	1.84	1.81	1.73	1.67	1.56	1.44	1.44	1.35	1.32
Giresun	455 922	4.03	2.78	2.58	2.31	1.74	1.74	1.65	1.66	1.64	1.65	1.64	1.57	1.56	1.55	1.49	1.41	1.34	1.32	1.28	1.24
Rize	346 977	3.48	2.32	2.33	2.01	1.80	1.76	1.75	1.73	1.80	1.79	1.79	1.80	1.76	1.77	1.66	1.57	1.53	1.41	1.40	1.32
Artvin	169 280	3.36	2.80	2.59	2.24	1.73	1.72	1.67	1.78	1.73	1.78	1.74	1.77	1.73	1.65	1.60	1.58	1.40	1.40	1.29	1.26
Gümüşhane	142 617	3.63	3.48	2.98	2.92	2.09	1.88	1.89	1.84	1.84	1.84	1.73	1.62	1.38	1.34	1.36	1.40	1.37	1.33	1.24	1.30
Northeast Anatolia	2 140 232					2.91	2.97	2.90	2.90	2.85	2.90	2.79	2.72	2.64	2.45	2.36	2.19	2.11	1.93	1.75	1.68
Erzurum	745 005	4.42	3.90	3.59	3.51	2.51	2.49	2.50	2.50	2.49	2.60	2.52	2.45	2.41	2.24	2.16	2.02	1.95	1.80	1.68	1.56
Erzincan	241 239	3.92	2.65	2.12	2.54	1.82	1.82	1.91	1.88	1.90	1.82	1.82	1.89	1.73	1.64	1.65	1.53	1.58	1.39	1.34	1.35
Bayburt	83 676	not a province	not a province	2.97	3.29	2.38	2.31	2.16	2.30	2.13	2.18	2.09	1.96	1.83	1.84	1.71	1.61	1.60	1.42	1.35	1.30
Ağrı	499 801	4.97	4.42	5.31	5.49	4.22	4.38	4.13	4.11	4.01	4.04	3.84	3.73	3.63	3.29	3.19	2.89	2.74	2.52	2.20	2.16
Kars	272 300	4.91	3.84	3.64	3.76	2.90	3.05	2.88	2.92	2.74	2.75	2.64	2.59	2.54	2.35	2.25	2.11	1.98	1.86	1.68	1.60
Iğdır	206 857	not a province	not a province	3.64	4.17	3.06	3.16	3.12	3.10	3.21	3.19	3.05	2.98	2.82	2.70	2.57	2.28	2.22	2.01	1.79	1.69
Ardahan	91 354	not a province	not a province	3.64	2.95	2.35	2.25	2.25	2.21	2.11	2.24	2.17	2.01	2.05	1.91	1.88	1.75	1.82	1.64	1.46	1.45
Central East Anatolia	3 876 707					3.00	2.95	2.85	2.82	2.82	2.87	2.75	2.67	2.65	2.52	2.43	2.23	2.12	2.02	1.81	1.78
Malatya	750 491	3.66	3.12	2.59	2.56	2.08	2.06	1.99	1.99	1.96	2.05	2.01	1.99	1.99	1.90	1.81	1.66	1.64	1.59	1.38	1.44
Elazığ	603 941	3.92	2.56	2.61	2.52	2.02	1.98	1.98	1.97	1.93	2.04	1.99	1.96	1.96	1.86	1.79	1.72	1.60	1.52	1.43	1.41
Bingöl	283 276	5.57	4.49	4.57	3.56	2.56	2.55	2.52	2.49	2.49	2.63	2.42	2.44	2.39	2.37	2.27	2.11	2.00	1.82	1.67	1.61
Tunceli	86 612	4.87	3.91	2.91	1.90	1.56	1.47	1.50	1.53	1.55	1.62	1.69	1.58	1.56	1.64	1.69	1.58	1.49	1.41	1.31	1.26
Van	1 118 087	5.17	4.91	5.53	6.00	3.93	3.84	3.66	3.58	3.64	3.54	3.37	3.20	3.15	2.96	2.85	2.56	2.35	2.29	2.03	1.98
Muş	392 301	5.52	4.18	5.36	4.18	3.93	3.94	3.66	3.65	3.59	3.71	3.49	3.37	3.42	3.25	3.17	2.86	2.78	2.54	2.25	2.23
Bitlis	359 808	6.01	4.95	5.92	5.03	3.80	3.71	3.52	3.49	3.44	3.47	3.40	3.30	3.23	3.07	2.90	2.70	2.65	2.49	2.21	2.15
Hakkâri	282 191	4.91	5.69	7.41	6.69	3.35	3.18	3.14	2.99	3.01	3.03	2.76	2.60	2.58	2.43	2.38	2.19	2.07	2.02	1.90	1.74
Southeast Anatolia	9 490 286	4.61		4.37	4.31	3.59	3.57	3.48	3.53	3.48	3.63	3.52	3.38	3.36	3.23	3.03	2.85	2.87	2.72	2.46	2.44
Gaziantep	2 193 363	4.43	3.83	3.63	3.83	3.15	3.07	3.04	3.15	3.17	3.28	3.19	3.06	2.94	2.86	2.63	2.48	2.49	2.40	2.11	2.11
Adıyaman	611 037	5.55	3.80	4.72	3.66	2.76	2.79	2.77	2.79	2.75	2.90	2.87	2.78	2.79	2.69	2.56	2.37	2.37	2.25	1.94	1.97
Kilis	156 739	not a province	not a province	not a province	3.54	2.93	3.01	2.83	2.99	2.96	3.13	3.03	2.87	2.84	2.76	2.57	2.49	2.48	2.36	2.07	2.04
Şanlıurfa	2 237 745	4.16	3.62	4.36	4.83	4.57	4.58	4.46	4.47	4.41	4.57	4.42	4.35	4.33	4.16	3.91	3.73	3.82	3.61	3.28	3.28
Diyarbakır	1.833 684	4.42	4.12	4.74	4.51	3.23	3.24	3.19	3.23	3.16	3.30	3.22	3.13	3.13	2.97	2.79	2.55	2.54	2.43	2.23	2.20
Mardin	895 911	5.15	4.29	5.59	4.98	3.46	3.53	3.35	3.46	3.33	3.55	3.46	3.26	3.29	3.16	3.01	2.78	2.80	2.63	2.40	2.32
Batman	654 528	not a province	not a province	5.79	5.27	3.70	3.64	3.43	3.42	3.34	3.41	3.25	3.11	3.08	2.91	2.72	2.56	2.57	2.39	2.18	2.12
Şırnak	570 826	not a province	not a province	5.83	7.06	4.69	4.51	4.26	4.21	4.19	4.27	4.09	3.51	3.76	3.63	3.40	3.25	3.19	2.96	2.73	2.62
Siirt	336 453	4.67	4.76	6.33	6.05	4.23	4.12	3.96	3.85	3.70	3.89	3.56	3.47	3.33	3.18	2.93	2.89	2.71	2.48	2.23	2.14

Ethnicity

Modern Turkey was founded by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk as secular, i.e. without a state religion, or separate ethnic divisions/ identities. The concept of "minorities" has only been accepted by the Republic of Turkey as defined by the Treaty of Lausanne and thence strictly limited to Greeks, Jews and Armenians, only based on religious affiliation, excluding from the scope of the concept the ethnic identities of these minorities as of others such as the Kurds who make up 15% of the country; others include Assyrians of various Christian denominations, Alevis and all the others. Provisions of the Lausanne Treaty were extended to Bulgarians in Turkey by the Turkey-Bulgaria Friendship Treaty of 18 October 1925. According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs , as of 2008, there were 89,000 Turkish citizens belonging to one of the three recognized minorities, two thirds of Armenian descent. On 18 June 2013, the Ankara 13th Circuit Administrative Court unanimously ruled that the Assyrians were included as beneficiaries of the Lausanne Treaty, so that Assyrians were allowed to open the first school teaching in their mother tongue.
The word Turk or Turkish also has a wider meaning in a historical context because, at times, especially in the past, it has been used to refer to all Muslim inhabitants of the Ottoman Empire irrespective of their ethnicity.
According to the 2016 edition of the CIA World Factbook, 70–75% of Turkey's population consists of ethnic Turks, with Kurds accounting for 19% and other minorities between 6 and 11%.
According to Milliyet, a 2008 report prepared for the National Security Council of Turkey by academics of three Turkish universities in eastern Anatolia suggested that there are approximately 55 million ethnic Turks, 9.6 million Kurds, 3 million Zazas, 2.5 million Circassians, 2 million Bosniaks, 500,000–1.3 million Albanians, 1,000,000 Georgians, 870,000 Arabs, 600,000 Pomaks, 80,000 Laz, 60,000 Armenians, 30,000 British, 25,000 Assyrians, 20,000 Jews, 15,000 Greeks, and 500 Yazidis living in Turkey.
According to a survey published in 2022 by Konda Research, Turks make up 77% of the population, while 19% self-identify as Kurd. Arabs make up 2%, and other ethnic groups are 2% of the population.
Since the immigration to the big cities in the west of Turkey, interethnic marriage has become more common. A recent study estimates that there are 2,708,000 marriages between Turks and Kurds.
According to a survey done in March 2020 by Area Araştırma, 20.4% of the total population of Turkey claim to be Kurdish.
Ethnolinguistic estimates in 2014 by Ethnologue and Jacques Leclerc:

People	Population	Percentage	Language	Status
Anatolian Turks	53,402,000	70.6%	Turkish	1
Kurmanji Kurds	8,127,000	10.7%	Kurmanji	3
Turcophones, Kurds	5,881,000	7.7%	Turkish	1
Zaza	1,155,000	1.5%	Zaza	5
Arabs	1,133,000	1.4%	Levantine Arabic
Kabardians, Circassians	1,062,000	1.4 %	Kabardian	5
Iraqi Arabs	722,000	0.9%	Mesopotamian Arabic	6a
Azerbaijani	540,000	0.7%	Azerbaijani	5
Romani	500,000	0.7%	Romani, Domari
Gagauzes	418,000	0.5%	Balkan Gagauz Turkish	7
Pomaks	351,000	0.4%	Bulgarian	5
Pontic Greeks	321,000	0.4%	Pontic Greek	6a
Adyghe, Circassians	316,000	0.4%	Adyghe	5
Alevi Kurds	184,000	0.2%	Zazaki
Georgians	151,000	0,1 %	Georgian	6b
Bosniaks	101,000	0.1%	Bosnian
Chechens	101,000	0.1%	Chechen
Crimean Tatars	100,000	0.1%	Tatar language\|Crimean Tatar]	5
Lazi	93,000	0.1%	Laz language	6b
Karakalpaks	74,000		Karakalpak
Albanians	66,000		Tosk Albanian	6b
Armenians	61,000		Armenian	6b
Abkhazians	44,000		Abkhazian	6b
Han Chinese	38,000		Chinese
Ossetians	37,000		Ossetian
British	35,000		English
Bulgarians	32,000		Bulgarian
Jews	30,000		Turkish, Ladino	7
Tatars	26,000		Tatar
Assyrians	25,000		Neo-Aramaic
Pakistanis	22,000		Urdu
Assyrians	15,000		Turoyo	6b
Turks other	57,000		Turkish
Kurds other	62,000		Kurdish
Other	180,000
Total	75,566,800			-

Languages

No exact data are available concerning the different ethnic groups in Turkey. The last census data according to language date from 1965 and major changes may have occurred since then. However, it is clear that the Turkish are in the majority, while the largest minority groups are Kurds and Arabs. Smaller minorities are the Armenians, Greeks and others.
A possible list of ethnic groups living in Turkey could be as follows:

Turkic-speaking peoples: Turks, Azerbaijanis, Tatars, Karachays, Uzbeks, Crimean Tatars, Kyrgyzs and Uyghurs
Indo-European-speaking peoples: Kurds, Zazas, Bosniaks, Albanians, Pomaks, Ossetians, Armenians, Megleno-Romanians, Hamshenis, Goranis and Greeks
Semitic-speaking peoples: Arabs, Jews and Assyrians
Caucasian-speaking peoples: Circassians, Georgians, Lazs and Chechens
Religion

Turkey has officially been a secular country since its 1924 constitution was amended in 1928. This was later strengthened and entrenched with the wider appliance of laicism by founder Atatürk during the mid-1930s, as part of the Republican reforms.
There are no official statistics of people's religious beliefs nor is it asked in the census. According to the United States Department of State's International [Religious Freedom Act of 1998|International Religious Freedom Report] 2008, the Turkish government considers 99 percent of the population is Muslim, the majority of which is Hanafi Sunni. A similar figure can be found in the current US Central Intelligence Agency the World Factbook. The remaining 0.2% is other - mostly Christians and Jews. However, these are based on the existing religion information written on every citizen's national id card, that is automatically passed on from the parents to every newborn, and do not necessarily represent individual choice. Religious records can be changed or even blanked on the request of citizen, by filing an e-government application since May 2020, using a valid electronic signature to sign the electronic application. Any change in religion records additionally results in a new ID card being issued. Any change in religion record also leaves a permanent trail in the census record, however, record of change of religion is not accessible except for the citizen in question, next-of-kins of the citizen in question, the citizenship administration and courts.
In 2023, according to Ipsos, 83% are Muslim, 12% have no religion, 2% prefer not to say, 2% are Christian and 2% are other religions. In a similar survey in 2016, Islam comprised 82% of the total population, followed by 7% no religion, 6% Spiritual but not religious, 4% Atheism, 3% Agnosticism, 2% Christian, 1% Protestantism, 1% Buddhism, 1% Mahayana and 1% other.
In 2018, a poll conducted by Eurobarometer and KONDA Research and Consultancy and some other research institutes showed that 3% of those interviewed had no religion. In 2013, the same institutions showed that around 0.5% of the population had no religion.
Between 8 million and 20 million Turks are Alevis.
In 2006, in a poll conducted by Sabancı University, 98.3% of Turks revealed they were Muslim.
In 2005, a Eurobarometer poll on Europeans views on ethics in science and technology reported 95% of Turkish citizens answered that "they believe there is a God", while about 2% responded "I believe there is some sort of spirit or life force", about 1% that "they do not believe there is any sort of spirit, God, or life force" and about 1% "DK". Similar figures were found in some other European countries.
There is concern over the future of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate, which suffers from a lack of trained clergy due to the closure of the Halki seminary. The state does not recognise the Ecumenical status of the Patriarch of Constantinople.

Year	1914	1927	1945	1965	1990	2005
Muslims	12,941	13,290	18,511	31,139	56,860	71,997
Greeks	1,549	110	104	76	8	3
Armenians	1,204	77	60	64	67	50
Jews	128	82	77	38	29	27
Others	176	71	38	74	50	45
Total	15,997	13,630	18,790	31,391	57,005	72,120
Percentage non-Muslim	19.1	2.5	1.5	0.8	0.3	0.2

The percentage of non-Muslims in Turkey fell from 19.1% in 1914 to 2.5% percent in 1927. The drop was the result of the late Ottoman genocides, the population exchange between Greece and Turkey and the emigration of Christians. The 1942 Wealth Tax on non-Muslims, the emigration of many of Turkish Jews to Israel after 1948, and the 1955 Istanbul pogrom further contributed to the decline of Turkey's non-Muslim population.

Religiosity

In 2018, according to a KONDA survey, the religiosity was the following:

51% defined themselves as "a religious person who strives to fulfill religious obligations"
34% defined themselves as "a believer who does not fulfill religious obligations".
10% defined themselves as "a fully devout person fulfilling all religious obligations".
2% defined themselves as "someone who does not believe in religious obligations".
3% defined themselves as "someone with no religious conviction".

Among those aged between 15 and 29 years old:

43% defined themselves as "a religious person who strives to fulfill religious obligations"
45% defined themselves as "a believer who does not fulfill religious obligations".
5% defined themselves as "a fully devout person fulfilling all religious obligations".
4% defined themselves as "someone who does not believe in religious obligations".
4% defined themselves as "someone with no religious conviction".

According to the 2007 KONDA survey:

52.8% defined themselves as "a religious person who strives to fulfill religious obligations"
34.3 % defined themselves as "a believer who does not fulfill religious obligations".
9.7% defined themselves as "a fully devout person fulfilling all religious obligations".
2.3% defined themselves as "someone who does not believe in religious obligations".
0.9% defined themselves as "someone with no religious conviction".

In a 2006 Pew Research Center survey, 69% of Turkey's Muslims said that "religion is very important in their lives". Based on the Gallup Poll 2006–08, Turkey was defined as More religious, in which over 63 percent of people believe religion is important.
Around 2007, according to the Turkish Economic and [Social Studies Foundation], 62% of women wore the headscarf or hijab in Turkey.

Headscarf

The survey reported that 44.5% of women who lived in metropolitan areas wore the headscarf, increasing to 62.8% in towns and 74.1% in the countryside. There was also an increase in the percentage of women wearing headscarves going from west to east across the country.

Age Group	Percentage Wearing Headscarf
18–27	43.8%
28–43	65.4%
44+	76.1%

Education Level	Percentage Wearing Headscarf
University graduate	11.3%
High school	24.5%
Middle school	56.1%
Elementary school	79.7%
Not completed elementary school	90.8%

Region	Percentage Wearing Headscarf
Aegean	50.3%
Marmara	51.2%
Mediterranean Coast	54.8%
Central Anatolia	67.4%
Eastern Anatolia	70.3%
Eastern Black Sea Coast	74.5%
South East	84.6%

Migration

Immigration

is the process by which people migrate to Turkey to reside in the country. After the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire following Turkish War of Independence, and The 1923 Population exchange between Greece and Turkey, exodus by the large portion of Turkish and Muslim peoples from the Balkans, Caucasus, Crimea, and Crete took refuge in present-day Turkey and moulded the country's fundamental features. Trends of immigration towards Turkey continue to this day, although the motives are more varied and are usually in line with the patterns of global immigration movements — Turkey, for example, receives many economic migrants from nearby countries such as Armenia, Moldova, Georgia, Iran, and Azerbaijan, but also from Central Asia, Ukraine and Russia. Turkey's migrant crisis during the 2010s saw high numbers of people arriving in Turkey, particularly those fleeing the Syrian civil war.
As of August 2024, the number of refugees of the Syrian civil war in Turkey was estimated to be 3,097,660 people. The number of Syrians had decreased by 321,118 people in 2023. In 2022, nearly 100,000 Russian citizens migrated to Turkey, becoming the first in the list of foreigners who moved to Turkey, meaning an increase of more than 218% from 2021.
In order to obtain Turkish citizenship there is a range of legal grounds, which can include: reunification with their family, marriage to a Turkish citizen, for the purchase of real estate worth $400,000 from a Turkish citizen or company. The minimum investment amount was increased in May 2022, previously it was enough to invest $250,000. Also the basis is to work in Turkey, training, business, medical treatment, refugee status.
Population in Turkey by country of citizenship by the end of each years:

Net Migration

Year	Total Immigration	Total Emigration	Total Net Migration	Turkish Immigration	Turkish Emigration	Turkish Net Migration	Foreign Immigration	Foreign Emigration	Foreign Net Migration
2016	380,921	177,960	202,961	107,052	69,326	37,726	273,869	108,634	165,235
2017	466,333	253,640	212,693	101,772	113,326	-11,554	364,561	140,314	224,247
2018	577,457	323,918	253,539	110,567	136,740	-26,743	466,890	187,178	279,712
2019	677,042	320,289	346,753	98,554	84,863	13,691	578,488	245,426	333,062
2020	340,845	420,643	-79,618	98,349	77,310	20,539	242,496	342,653	-100,157
2021	739,364	287,651	451,713	124,269	103,613	20,656	615,095	184,038	431,057
2022	494,052	466,914	27,138	94,409	139,531	-45,122	399,643	327,383	72,260
2023	316,456	714,579	-398,123	101,677	291,377	-189,700	214,779	432,202	-208,423
2024	314,588	424,345	-109,757	103,732	151,140	-47,408	210,856	273,205	-62,349

Demographics of Turkey

Population

Historical population

Urbanization

According to the CIA World Factbook

According to TURKSTAT

Age structure

Structure of the population

Vital statistics

Registered births and deaths

Current vital statistics

Demographic and Health Surveys

UN estimates

Life expectancy

by regions

Regional data

Birth and death rates

Regional births and deaths

Regional natural increase

Regional total fertility rate (TFR)

Ethnicity

Languages

Religion

Religiosity

Headscarf

Migration

Immigration

Net Migration

Internal migration