Comparison of deep learning software


The following tables compare notable software frameworks, libraries, and computer programs for deep learning applications.

Deep learning software by name

SoftwareCreatorInitial releaseSoftware licensePlatformWritten inInterfaceOpenMP supportOpenCL supportCUDA supportAutomatic differentiationHas pretrained models
BigDLJason Dai 2016Apache SparkScalaScala, Python
CaffeBerkeley Vision and Learning Center2013Linux, macOS, WindowsC++Python, MATLAB, C++
ChainerPreferred Networks2015Linux, macOSPythonPython
Deeplearning4jSkymind engineering team; Deeplearning4j community; originally Adam Gibson2014Linux, macOS, Windows, Android C++, JavaJava, Scala, Clojure, Python, Kotlin
DeepSpeedMicrosoft2019Linux, macOS, WindowsPython, C++, CUDAPython
DlibDavis King2002Cross-platformC++C++, Python
Fastaifast.ai2018Linux, macOS, WindowsPython, CUDAPython
FluxMike Innes2017Linux, MacOS, Windows JuliaJulia
HorovodUber Technologies2017Linux, macOS, WindowsPython, C++, CUDAPython
Intel Data Analytics Acceleration LibraryIntel2015Linux, macOS, Windows on Intel CPUC++, Python, JavaC++, Python, Java
Intel Math Kernel Library 2017 and laterIntel2017Linux, macOS, Windows on Intel CPUC/C++, DPC++, FortranC
Google JAXGoogle2018Linux, macOS, WindowsPythonPython
KerasFrançois Chollet2015Linux, macOS, WindowsPythonPython, R
MATLAB + Deep Learning Toolbox MathWorks1992Linux, macOS, WindowsC, C++, Java, MATLABMATLAB
Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit Microsoft Research2016Windows, Linux C++Python, C++, Command line, BrainScript
MindSporeHuawei2020Linux, Windows, macOS, EulerOS, openEuler, OpenHarmony, Oniro OS, HarmonyOS, AndroidC++, Rust, Julia, Python, ArkTS, Cangjie, Java
ML.NETMicrosoft2018Windows, Linux, macOSC#, C++C#, F#
Apache MXNetApache Software Foundation2015Linux, macOS, Windows, AWS, Android, iOS, JavaScriptSmall C++ core libraryC++, Python, Julia, MATLAB, JavaScript, Go, R, Scala, Perl, Clojure
Neural DesignerArtelnics2014Linux, macOS, WindowsC++Graphical user interface
OpenNNArtelnics2003Cross-platformC++C++
PlaidMLVertex.AI, Intel2017Linux, macOS, WindowsPython, C++, OpenCLPython, C++
PyTorchMeta AI2016Linux, macOS, Windows, AndroidPython, C, C++, CUDAPython, C++, Julia, R
PyTorch LightningLightning-AI 2019Linux, macOS, WindowsPythonPython
Apache SINGAApache Software Foundation2015Linux, macOS, WindowsC++Python, C++, Java
TensorFlowGoogle Brain2015Linux, macOS, Windows, AndroidC++, Python, CUDAPython, C/C++, Java, Go, JavaScript, R, Julia, Swift but already with SYCL support
TheanoUniversité de Montréal2007Cross-platformPythonPython
TorchRonan Collobert, Koray Kavukcuoglu, Clement Farabet2002Linux, macOS, Windows, Android, iOSC, LuaLua, LuaJIT, C, utility library for C++/OpenCL
Wolfram Mathematica 10 and laterWolfram Research2014Windows, macOS, Linux, Cloud computingC++, Wolfram Language, CUDAWolfram Language
SoftwareCreatorInitial releaseSoftware licensePlatformWritten inInterfaceOpenMP supportOpenCL supportCUDA supportAutomatic differentiationHas pretrained models

Comparison of machine learning model compatibility

Format nameDesign goalCompatible with other formatsSelf-contained DNN ModelPre-processing and Post-processingRun-time configuration for tuning & calibrationDNN model interconnectCommon platform
TensorFlow, Keras, Caffe, TorchAlgorithm training / Separate files in most formats
ONNXAlgorithm training / Separate files in most formats