Antonov An-26
The Antonov An-26 is a twin-engined turboprop civilian and military transport aircraft, designed and produced in the Soviet Union from 1969 to 1986. It is the third member of the Antonov An-24 family, coming after the An-24 and An-30, while preceding the An-32 and cancelled An-132. The An-26 was eventually license-produced in China as the Xi'an Y-7, which eventually evolved into the Xi'an MA60 airliner.
Development
While the An-24T tactical transport had proved successful in supporting Soviet troops in austere locations, its ventral loading hatch restricted the handling of cargo, and in particular vehicles, and made it less effective than hoped in parachuting men and supplies. As a result, interest in a version with a retractable cargo ramp increased, and the Antonov design bureau decided in 1966 to begin development on the new An-26 derivative, in advance of an official order. The cargo ramp was based on that design and allowed the cargo deck to be sealed and pressurised in flight. When loading cargo, it could either be lowered to allow vehicles to be driven in, or slid beneath the aircraft's fuselage, so that cargo could be loaded straight in off a truck bed. In March 1968, the OKB received official permission to begin development. Particular attention was given to the military mission, and the majority of early An-26 production was delivered to the VTA.Using the majority of the An-24 airframe, it has high-set cantilevered wings, wing-mounted twin turboprops with a turbojet engine in the starboard nacelle for use as an auxiliary power unit and also for extra take-off thrust, plus long main undercarriage legs. The An-26 includes military equipment, such as tip-up paratroop canvas seats, an overhead traveling hoist, bulged observation windows and parachute static line attachment cables. It can be configured in 20–30 minutes from the troop transport or freight mission to the medical evacuation role with up to 24 stretchers fitted.
The An-26 made its public debut at the 27th Paris Air Show at Le Bourget where the second prototype, CCCP-26184, was shown in the static aircraft park.
The An-26 is also manufactured without a license agreement in China by the Xian Aircraft factory as the Y-14, later changed to be included in the Xi'an Y-7 series.
Total production
Operational history
The An-26 has a secondary bomber role with underwing bomb racks. The racks are attached to the fuselage in front of and behind the rear landing gear. In the bombing role it was extensively used by the Vietnam People's Air Force during the Cambodian–Vietnamese War and Sudanese Air Force during the Second Sudanese Civil War and the War in Darfur. Russian Forces have also trained with the An-26 as a bomber. In 1977, the Afghan Air Force received the An-26 aircraft and in 1986, they had 36 of them which were used for airborne assaults conducted by the Afghan Army's commando and parachute battalions and two military transport squadrons.One An-26 was involved in the Purulia Incident in 1995 in which arms were dropped in the Purulia district of West Bengal, India. The reason behind the drop is not disclosed to the public due to national security.
Variants
;An-26;An-26-100
;An-26 Nel'mo
;An-26 Pogoda
;An-26 Polyot
;An-26 Sfera
;An-26 Shtabnoy
;An-26A
;An-26ASLK
;An-26B
;An-26B
;An-26B Tsiklon
;An-26B-100
;An-26BL
;An-26BRL
;An-26D
;An-26K Kaira
;An-26K Kaplya
;An-26KPA
;An-26L
;An-26LL-PLO
;An-26LP
;An-26M Spasatel
;An-26P
;An-26P Prozhektor
;An-26REP
;An-26RL
;An-26RR
;An-26RT
;An-26RT
;An-26RTR
;An-26S
;An-26Sh
Non-USSR /-Ukrainian versions
;An-26SM;An-26M
;An-26ST
;An-26T
;An-26Z-1
;Xian Y-7H
;Xian Y-14
Operators
Military operators
- National Air Force of Angola – 22 An-26s bought between 1976 and 1987. One aircraft still operational as of December 2021.
- Belarusian Air Force – three operated December 2016.
- Cape Verde Army – 3
- Chad Air Force – three in service December 2016.
- 23 Xian Y-7; 4 Xian Y-7-100; includes all types of Y-7 aircraft
- * People's Liberation Army Air Force
- * People's Liberation Army Navy
- Cuban Air Force – operated 17, two in service December 2016.
- Democratic Republic of the Congo Air Force – three in service as of 2021.
- Ethiopian Air Force – one
- Ivory Coast Air Force – two in service as of 2021.
- Kazakh Air Force – five An-24 or An-26 in service December 2015.; Received one refurbished An-26 from Ukraine on 3 November 2017.
- Lao People's Liberation Army Air Force – one in service December 2016.
- Libyan Air Force – two An-24/An-26 as of December 2016.
- Moldovan Air Force – one as of December 2016.
- Mozambique Air Force – one as of December 2016.
- Namibian Air Force – one as of December 2016.
- Nicaraguan Air Force – four as of February 2018. Three were donated by Russia in February 2025.
- Puntland Maritime Police Force – one
- Romanian Air Force – one as of 2023
- Russian Aerospace Forces – 104 as of December 2016.
- Russian Naval Aviation
- Border Guard Service of Russia
- Serbian Air Force – one
- Sudanese Air Force – six as of December 2016; at least one has been used as an improvised bomber
- Military of Turkmenistan – one
- Ukrainian Naval Aviation – two as of December 2016 in the service of 10th Naval Aviation Brigade
- Ukrainian Air Force – around 22 as of 2017
- Ukrainian Air Guard
- Uzbek Air Force – four as of December 2016
- Yemen Air Force – six
Former military operators
- Afghan Air Force – Used until 1977, all remaining aircraft retired June 2011. One of their An-26 which defected to Pakistan, is preserved at PAF Museum, Karachi.
- Bangladesh Air Force
- Benin Air Force – two
- Bulgarian Air Force – five used from 1984 until 2011
- Royal Cambodian Air Force
- Congolese Air Force – one
- Czechoslovak Air Force
- East German Air Force
- German Air Force
- Guinea-Bissau Air Force
- Hungarian Air Force – 11 delivered from 1974, last one retired June 2020.
- Iraqi Air Force
- Lithuanian Air Force – three operated
- Malagasy Air Force – two delivered in 1980
- Malian Air Force – one
- Mongolian Air Defense Forces Command – four
- Niger Air Force – one, bought from Libya in 1997
- Yemen Arab Republic Air Force – one
- Pakistani Air Force
- Peruvian Air Force – 22 operated from 1977 to 1993
- Polish Air Force – 12 operated from 1972 to January 2009; retired
- Slovak Air Force – Two, retired in 2016, to be replaced by Alenia C-27J Spartan aircraft beginning in 2017.
- Somali Air Corps
- People's Democratic Republic of Yemen Air Force – three bought in 1979
- Serbian Air Force – one retired in 2023
- Soviet Air Force – Passed on to successor states in 1991
- Soviet Naval Aviation –
- Syrian Air Force – Six as of 2023. As of late 2025, none listed by World Air Forces 2026.
- Tanzanian Air Force – none; retired
- Armed Forces of Transnistria
- United States Air Force – Operated 2003–2007 by the 6th Special Operations Squadron
- Vietnam People's Air Force
- Yugoslav Air Force – 14
- Zambian Air Force and Air Defense Command – four
Civil operators
- Genex
- Air Bright
- Sadelca
- Servicio Aéreo del Vaupés SELVA
- Aerogaviota
- SAS Cargo Group
- CityLine Hungary
- RAF-Avia
- Valan International Cargo Charter
- Aero Condor
- Amazon Sky
- ATSA
- Cielos Andinos
- Interisland Airlines
- Mosphil Aero
- Exin
- Angara Airlines
- Chukotavia
- IrAero
- Khabarovsk Airlines
- Kostroma Air Enterprise
- KrasAvia
- Polar Airlines
- Badr Airlines
- Tajik Air
- Air Urga
- Antonov Airlines
- ARP 410 Airlines
- Constanta Airline
- Eleron Airlines
- Vulkan Air
- Solar Cargo
| UGA – | OAO – | LO – | Home Base | CIS |
| Azerbaijan | Baku | 360th / 1st & 3rd squadrons | Baku-Bina | AZAL |
| Belarusian | Gomel' | 105th / 2nd squadron | Gomel' | Gomel'avia |
| 1st Minsk | 353rd / 2nd Squadron | Minsk-Loshitsa | Belavia;Minsk-Avia | |
| Central Regions | Bykovo | 61st / 4th Squadron | Moscow-Bykovo | Bykovo Avia |
| Kursk | Kursk | Kurskavia | ||
| Tula | 294th | Tula | Tula Air Enterprise | |
| East Siberian | Chita | 136th / 1st Squadron | Chita | Chita Avia |
| Irkutsk | 134th | Irkutsk-1 | Baikal Airlines | |
| Far Eastern | 1st Khabarovsk | 289th | Khabarovsk | Dalavia Far East Airlines Khabarovsk |
| Kamchatka CAPA / Petropavlovsk | Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy | Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Enterprise | ||
| Sakhalin CAPA / Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk UAD | 147th | Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk / Khomutvo | Sakhalinskiye Aviatrassy | |
| Komi | Pechora | Pechora | Komiavia;Komiinteravia | |
| Krasnoyarsk | Igarka | 251st | Igarka | |
| 2nd Krasnoyarsk | 126th | Krasnoyarsk-Severnyy | Kras Air | |
| Khatanga | 221st / 2nd Squadron | Khatanga | ||
| Leningrad | 2nd Leningrad | 70th / 2nd Squadron | Leningrad-Rzhevka | Rzhevka Air Enterprise |
| Pskov | 320th / 2nd Squadron | Pskov | Pskov Avia | |
| Lithuanian | Vilnius | 277th | Vilnius | Lithuanian Airlines* |
| Magadan | Anadyr' | 150th / 2nd Squadron | Anadyr'-Ugol'nyy | Chukotavia |
| 1st Magadan | 185th | Magadan-Sokol | Kolyma-Avia | |
| Seymchan | Seymchan | NW Aerial Forestry Protection Base | ||
| Moldavian | Kishinyov | 407th | Kishinyov | Air Moldova |
| North Caucasian | Krasnodar | 241st | Krasnodar | ALK Kuban Airlines |
| 1st Krasnodar | 406th | Krasnodar | ||
| Tajik | Leninabad | 292nd / 2nd Squadron | Leninabad | |
| Training Establishments Directorate | KVLUGA | Kirovograd | Ukraine State Flight Academy | |
| Turkmen | Krasnovodsk | 360th | Krasnovodsk | Turkmenistan Airlines/Khazar |
| Tyumen' | Salekhard | 234th / 5th Squadron | Salekhard | |
| 2ndTyumen' | 357th | Tyumen'-Roschchino | Tyumen'AviaTrans | |
| Ukrainian | Dnipropetrovsk | 327th | Dnipropetrovsk-Volos'kie | Dniproavia |
| Kirovograd | Kirovograd-Khmelyovoye | Air URGA | ||
| Simferopol | 84th | Simferopol | Aviakompaniya Krym / Crimea AL | |
| Urals | Izhevsk | Izhevsk | Izhavia | |
| Magnitogorsk | Magnitogorsk | Magnitogorsk Air Enterprise | ||
| 1st Perm' | Perm'-Bolshoye Savino | Perm Airlines | ||
| 1st Sverdlovsk | Sverdlovsk-Kol'tsovo | Ural Airlines | ||
| Volga | Penza | 396th | Penza | Penza Air Enterprise |
| Saransk | Saransk | Saransk Air Enterprise | ||
| West Siberian | Barnaul | 341st | Barnaul | Barnaul Air Enterprise |
| Kemerovo | 196th | Kemerovo | ||
| Novokuznetsk | 184th | Novokuznetsk | Aerokuznetsk | |
| Omsk | 365th | Omsk | Omsk-Avia | |
| Tolmachevo | 448th | Novosibirsk-Tolmachevo | Sibir' | |
| Tomsk | 119th | Tomsk | Tomsk Avia | |
| Yakutian | Kolyma-Indigirka | Cherskiy? | ||
| Mirnyy | 190th | Mirnyy | Almazy Rossii – Sakha | |
| Yakutsk | 139th / 3rd Squadron | Yakutsk | ||
| GosNII GVF | Moscow - Sheremet'yevo-1 |