Non-combatant evacuation operation
A Non-combatant Evacuation Operation is an operation conducted to evacuate civilians from another country, generally due to a deteriorating security situation.
Australia
- 2021 - Afghanistan
China
- 2015 - Yemen:
Germany
- 1997 - Operation Libelle: Albania
- 2011 - Operation Pegasus (2011): Libya
Greece
- 1993 – Operation Golden Fleece: Abkhazia, Georgia
- 1997 – Operation Kosmas: Albania
- 2006 - Operation Kedros: Lebanon
- 2023 - Evacuation from Khartoum: Sudan
- 2024 - Operation Kosmos: Lebanon
India
- 1990 - 1990 airlift of Indians from Kuwait: Kuwait
- 2006 - Operation Sukoon: Lebanon
- 2011 - Operation Safe Homecoming: Libya
- 2015 - Operation Raahat: Yemen
- 2016 - Operation Sankat Mochan: Juba, South Sudan
- 2021 - Operation Devi Shakti: Kabul, Afghanistan
- 2022 - Operation Ganga: Ukraine
Ireland (Republic of)
- 2011 - Libya
- 2021 - 2021 Kabul airlift
Israel
- 1948-1953 - Operation Goshen: Egypt
- 1949-1950 - Operation Magic Carpet (Yemen): Yemen
- 1951-1952 - Operation Ezra and Nehemiah: Iraq
- 1961 - Operation Mural: Morocco
- 1961-1964 - Operation Yachin: Morocco
- 1984-1985 - Operation Moses: Sudan
- 1985 - Operation Joshua: Sudan
- 1991 - Operation Solomon: Ethiopia
Pakistan
- 2015 - Yemen
Thailand
- 2003 - Operation Pochentong 1: Cambodia
Ukraine
- 1993 - Evacuation of Georgian civilians in the mountains of Svaneti: Georgia
- 1995 - Evacuation of Bosnian civilians in Siege of Žepa: Bosnia and Herzegovina
- 2021 - 2021 Kabul airlift
United Kingdom
- 2000 - Operation Palliser: Sierra Leone
- 2006 - Operation Highbrow: Lebanon
- 2021 - Operation Pitting: Kabul, Afghanistan
United States
According to United States Military Joint Publication 3-68, Noncombatant Evacuation Operations:This means that at times American citizens may become endangered in locations outside of the United States. This is usually due to civil unrest or war. However, it may also be due to a natural disaster. The U.S. Ambassador has the responsibility, according to law, to request a NEO. Once he does, the government will determine whether or not the evacuation should be done with civilian resources, such as the Civil Reserve Air Fleet, or with military forces. Even if military forces conduct the evacuation, the Ambassador remains in charge of the evacuation.
The method of evacuation could include sealift, airlift, or even by road.
Notable operations
- 1975 – Operation Frequent Wind: Fall of Saigon, Vietnam War
- 1976 – Operation Fluid Drive: Lebanese Civil War
- 1990 – Operation Sharp Edge: Liberia
- 1991 – Operation Eastern Exit: Somalia
- 1991 – Operation Fiery Vigil: Clark Air Base and U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay, Philippines
- 1992 – Operation Silver Anvil: Sierra Leone
- 1994 – Operation Tiger Rescue: Yemen
- 1994 – Operation Distant Runner: Rwanda
- 1996 – Operation Assured Response: Liberia
- 1996 – Operation Quick Response: Central African Republic
- 1997 – Operation Silver Wake: Albania
- 1997 – Operation Noble Obelisk: Sierra Leone
- 1998 – Operation Safe Departure: Asmara, Eritrea
- 1998 – Operation Shepherd Venture: Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
- 2002 – Operation Shepherd Sentry: Bangui, Central African Republic
- 2002 – Operation Autumn Return: Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire
- 2003 – Operation Shining Express: Monrovia, Liberia
- 2006 – 2006 Lebanon War
- 2010 – Operation Tacit Drift: 2010 Kingston Unrest - Jamaica
- 2011 – Operation Pacific Passage: Tōhoku region, Japan
- 2011 – Operation Odyssey Dawn: various locations within Libya:
- 2014 – Libya
- 2017 - 2017 Dutch St. Maarten NEO after Hurricane Irma
- 2021 - Operation Allies Refuge: Kabul, Afghanistan
- 2023 – Sudan