List of national flowers
In some countries, plants have been chosen as symbols to represent specific geographic areas. Some countries have a country-wide floral emblem; others in addition have symbols representing subdivisions. Different processes have been used to adopt these symbols – some are conferred by government bodies, whereas others are the result of informal public polls. The term floral emblem, which refers to flowers specifically, is primarily used in Australia and Canada. In the United States, the term state flower is more often used.
National plants
Africa
Ethiopia
The national flower of Ethiopia is Zantedeschia aethiopica, commonly known as calla lily.Mauritius
The national flower of Mauritius is the Ruizia boutoniana.Nigeria
The national flower of Nigeria is Costus spectabilis which is commonly known as Yellow Trumpet.Seychelles
The national flower of the Seychelles is the tropicbird orchid, Angraecum eburneum.South Africa
The national flower of South Africa is the King Protea, Protea cynaroides.Tunisia
The national flower of Tunisia is jasmine. It was chosen as a symbol for the 2010 Tunisian Revolution.Zimbabwe
The national flower of Zimbabwe is the flame lily, Gloriosa superba.Asia
Afghanistan
The national flower of Afghanistan is the Tulip. It is called Lala in the Farsi language and Khatol in the Pashto language.Bangladesh
The national flower of Bangladesh is the water lily Nymphaea nouchali. It is called shapla in the Bengali language.Bhutan
The national flower of Bhutan is the blue poppy. Previously misidentified as the non-native Meconopsis grandis, national flower of Bhutan was identified in 2017 as Meconopsis gakyidiana, a new distinct species.Brunei
The national flower of Brunei is Simpoh Ayer.Cambodia
formally adopted the romduol as its national flower in the year 2005 by a royal decree. The royal decree designates the taxon as Mitrella mesnyi, however, this is a taxonomically illegitimate synonym for Sphaerocoryne affinis, which does not occur in Cambodia. The accepted species name for romduol is Sphaerocoryne lefevrei.India
The lotus is the national flower of India. It is a sacred flower in the art and culture of ancient India.Indonesia
There are three types of floral emblems used to symbolize Indonesia:- The puspa bangsa of Indonesia is melati.
- The puspa pesona is anggrek bulan or moon orchid.
- The puspa langka is padma raksasa rafflesia.
Melati, a small white flower with sweet fragrance, has long been considered a sacred flower in Indonesian tradition, as it symbolizes purity, sacredness, graceful simplicity and sincerity. For example, on her wedding day, a traditional Indonesian bride's hair is often adorned with arrangements of jasmine, while the groom's kris is often adorned with a lock of jasmine. However, jasmine is also often used as a floral offering for spirits and deities, and also often present during funerals, which has caused it to be seen as having mystical and sacred properties. Moon orchid was chosen for its beauty, while the other two rare flowers, Rafflesia arnoldii and Titan arum, were chosen to demonstrate uniqueness and Indonesia's rich biodiversity.
Each of the 34 provinces of Indonesia also has a native plant as its provincial flower.
Iran
The national flower of Iran is the water lily which is also called nymphaea. The flower is the national flower of Iran since the Achaemenid Empire era.File:Darius In Parse.JPG|thumb|Darius the great holds a water lily In Persepolis
Israel
The national flower of Israel is the poppy anemone, chosen in 2013 to replace Cyclamen persicum.Jordan
The national flower of Jordan is black iris .Kuwait
The national flower of Kuwait is Arfaj.Laos
The national flower of Laos is the plumeria, despite it no longer being endemic.Malaysia
The national flower of Malaysia is the bunga raya.Maldives
The national flower of the Maldives is the pink polyantha rose, called fiyaathoshi finifenmaa.Mongolia
The national flower of Mongolia is Scabiosa comosa.Myanmar
The national flower of Myanmar is Pterocarpus indicus.Nepal
The national flower of Nepal is the tree rhododendron.North Korea
The national flower of North Korea is the Korean mountain magnolia.Palestine
The national flower of Palestine is the Faqqua iris.Pakistan
The national flower of Pakistan is common jasmine also known as ''Jasminum officinale.''Philippines
The Philippines adopted the sampaguita in 1934 as its national flower because it symbolizes purity and cleanliness due to its color and sweet smell. It is popularly strung into garlands presented to visitors and dignitaries and is a common adornment on religious images.Sampaguita in the Filipino language is a direct loan word from the Indian sanskrit word "campaka". Plants of some species of flowers like Sampaguita, fruits like mango and nangka, vegetables like ampalaya, patola, malunggay, name of Philippine's pre-Christian chief god Bathala, came from India during pre-Spanish Indianised trade and influences. Among strong traces of continuity of Hindu influence in Philippines are placing of Sampaguita garland around the neck of visitors to show hospitality and friendship, throwing the rice over bride and groom for prosperity, performing paninilbihan, paying dowry, visiting a shrine to pray for fertility, etc.
Saudi Arabia
The national flower of Saudi Arabia is Royal Jasmine.Singapore
The national flower of Singapore is a hybrid orchid cultivar known as the Singapore orchid or Vanda Miss Joaquim.South Korea
The national flower of South Korea is Hibiscus syriacus. Known in South Korea as mugunghwa, the flower's symbolism relates to the Korean word mugung, which means "eternity" or "inexhaustible abundance". Despite being made the national flower officially after Korea regained its independence from Japan, mugunghwa has been associated with Korean culture for many centuries, with the Silla kingdom having called itself the "Country of the Mugunghwa".Sri Lanka
The national flower of Sri Lanka is Nil mānel, the blue-star water-lily. Although nil means "blue" in Sinhala, the Sinhalese name of this plant is often rendered as "water-lily" in English. This beautiful aquatic flower appears in the Sigiriya frescoes and has been mentioned in ancient Sanskrit, Pali and Sinhala literary works. Buddhist lore in Sri Lanka claims that this flower was one of the 108 auspicious signs found on Prince Siddhartha's footprint.Taiwan
The national flower of Taiwan was officially designated as the plum blossom by the Executive Yuan on 21 July 1964. The plum blossom, known as the meihua, is a symbol of resilience and perseverance in the face of adversity, because plum trees often bloom most vibrantly even during the harshest winters. The triple grouping of stamens represents Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Three Principles of the People, while the five petals symbolize the five branches of the government.Thailand
The national flower of Thailand is the Golden Shower Tree. The tree is locally known as ratchaphruek, while the flower itself is known as dok khun.United Arab Emirates
The national flower of the United Arab Emirates is Tribulus omanense. A creeping plant with bright yellow flowers, it thrives in the UAE's arid climate, growing well in areas such as sand dunes, road verges, oases and desert plains.Vietnam
The national flower of Vietnam is the lotus flower .Europe
Albania
- Albania – Papaver rhoeas
Andorra
- Andorra – Narcissus poeticus
Austria
Belgium
- Brussels – Iris pseudacorus
- Flanders – poppy
- Wallonia – ''Gaillardia''
Bulgaria
- Bulgaria – rose
Croatia
- Croatia – ''Iris croatica''
Cyprus
- Cyprus – ''Cyclamen cyprium''
Czech Republic
- Czech Republic – ''Tilia''
Denmark
- Denmark – The daisy, specifically either marguerite daisy or oxeye daisy, the latter being native to Denmark and becoming more frequently used. Previously red clover had been announced as the national flower in the 1930s, but this choice was not popular with the public and it was largely forgotten.
Estonia
- Estonia – cornflower
Finland
- Finland – lily of the valley
France
- Kingdom of France – Iris pseudacorus, fleur-de-lis
- Brittany – Ulex and heather
Guernsey
- Guernsey – ''Nerine sarniensis''
Hungary
- Hungary - The national flower is the tulip. It is a symbol deeply rooted in Hungarian history and culture, particularly associated with the Ottoman period when tulips were introduced to the country.
Iceland
- Iceland – White dryad
Italy
The Italian poet Giovanni Pascoli dedicated a poem to the strawberry tree. He refers to the Aeneid passage in which Pallas, killed by Turnus, was posed on branches of a strawberry tree. He saw in the colours of that plant a prefiguration of the flag of Italy and considered Pallas the first national cause martyr. Pascoli's ode says: