List of post-classical physicians


The following is a list of post-classical physicians who were known to have practised, contributed, or theorised about medicine in some form between the 5th and 15th century CE.
NameGenderRelated periodsCenturyEthnicityKnown for
Theophilus ProtospathariusManMiddle Ages7th century CEGreek
PalladiusManMiddle Ages6th century CEGreek
Marcellus EmpiricusManLate antiquity4th–5th century CERomanAuthor of pharmacological compendium De medicamentis
Caelius AurelianusManLate antiquity5th century CEGreco-RomanMedical translator.
Adamantius JudaeusManLate antiquity5th century CEGreco-Roman Jew
Benedict of NursiaManMiddle Ages6th century CEItalianFounder of "monastic medicine"
Alexander of TrallesManMiddle Ages6th-7th century CEByzantine
Aetius of AmidaManMiddle Ages6th century CEByzantine Greek
Stephanus of AthensManMiddle Ages6th-7th century CEByzantine Greek
Raban Gamaliel VIManLate antiquity4th-5th century CERoman Jew
Isidore of SevilleManMiddle Ages6th-7th century CEByzantine
Paul of AeginaManMiddle Ages7th century CEByzantineWrote Medical Compendium in Seven Books
Leo ItrosophistManMiddle Ages8th-9th century CEByzantineWrote "Epitome of Medicine".
Al-KindiManIslamic Golden Age9th century CEArabAuthor of De Gradibus
Yuhanna ibn MasawaihManIslamic Golden Age8th-9th century CEPersianPersonal physician to four Abbasid caliphs.
Hunayn ibn IshaqManIslamic Golden Age9th century CEArab Christian
al-TabariManIslamic Golden Age9th century CEPersianProduced one of the first encyclopedia of medicine titled Firdous al-Hikmah.
Theodosius RomanusManIslamic Golden Age9th century CESyriac Christian
Ishaq ibn HunaynManIslamic Golden Age10th century CEArab Christian
Yahya ibn SarafyunManIslamic Golden Age9th century CESyriac Christian
al-RaziManIslamic Golden Age9th-10th century CEPersianProduce work in pediatrics and makes the first clear distinction between smallpox and measles in his al-Hawi.
Isaac Israeli ben SolomonManIslamic Golden Age9th-10th century CEEgyptian Jew
Shabbethai DonnoloManMiddle Ages10th century CEGraeco-Italian Jew
al-TamimiManIslamic Golden Age10th century CEArab
al-MajusiManIslamic Golden Age10th century CEPersianFamous for the Kitab al-Maliki or Complete Book of the Medical Art, his textbook on medicine and psychology.
al-ZahrawiManIslamic Golden Age10th-11th century CEArab AndalusianFounder of early surgical and medical instruments, writing Kitab al-Tasrif.
Ibn ButlanManIslamic Golden Age11th century CEArab ChristianWriter of Taqwīm as‑Siḥḥa or maintenance of health.
Michael PsellosManMiddle Ages11th century CEByzantine Greek
Ibn al-HaythamManIslamic Golden Age10th-11th century CEArab
Ibn SinaManIslamic Golden Age10th-11th century CEPersianWriter of Qanun-e dâr Tâb or The Canon of Medicine.
Simeon SethManMiddle Ages11th-12 century CEByzantine Jew
Constantine the AfricanManMiddle Ages11th century CEUnclear
Anna KomneneWomanMiddle Ages11th-12 century CEByzantine
Trota of SalernoWomanMiddle Ages12th century CEUnclear
RahereManMiddle Ages12th century CEAnglo-NormanFounded the Priory of the Hospital of St Bartholomew in 1123.
Stephen of PisaManMiddle Ages12th century CEItalianTranslated works of Hali Abbas, translated around 1127 into Latin as Liber regalis dispositionis.
Ibn ZuhrManIslamic Golden Age11th-12 century CEArab Andalusian
Ibn RushdManIslamic Golden Age12th century CEArab Andalusian
Matthaeus PlateariusManMiddle Ages12th century CEUnclear
Pope Innocent IIIManMiddle Ages12th-13th century CEItalianOrganized the hospital of Santo Spirito at Rome inspiring others all over Europe
Ibn an-NafisManIslamic Golden Age13th century CEArabSuggests that the right and left ventricles of the heart are separate and discovers the pulmonary circulation and coronary circulation.
Ibn al-BaytarManIslamic Golden Age12th-13th century CEArab AndalusianWrote on botany and pharmacy, studied animal anatomy and medicine veterinary medicine.
Roger BaconManMiddle Ages13th century CEEnglishIdeas on experimental science and convex lens spectacles for treating long-sightedness.
Pietro d'AbanoManMiddle Ages13th-14th century CEItalianProfessor of medicine at the University of Padua.
Joannes ActuariusManMiddle Ages13th-14th century CEByzantineWrote the last great compendium of Byzantine medicine
Ibn Qayyim al-JawziyyaManIslamic Golden Age13th-14th century CEUnclear
William of SalicetoManMiddle Ages13th century CEItalian
Henri de MondevilleManMiddle Ages13th-14th century CEFrench
Mondino de LuzziManMiddle Ages13th-14th century CEItaliancarried out the first systematic human dissections since Herophilus of Chalcedon and Erasistratus of Ceos 1500 years earlier.
Guy de ChauliacManMiddle Ages14th century CEFrench
John ArderneManMiddle Ages14th century CEEnglish
Heinrich von PfolspeundtManMiddle Ages15th century CEGerman