| Name | Images | City | Year | Remarks |
| al-Shuaibiyah Mosque | | Aleppo | | Believed to be one of the oldest mosques in the Levant |
| Umayyad Mosque | | Damascus | | The National mosque of Syria, It is considered to be the oldest mosque still in use in its original form. It includes a shrine of John the Baptist |
| Great Mosque of Aleppo | | Aleppo | | Shrine of Zechariah, father of John the Baptist. The mosque and its minaret were partially destroyed in April 2013, during the Syrian Civil War |
| Al-Omari Mosque | | Bosra | | Substantially destroyed during the Syrian civil war, |
| Great Mosque of Raqqa | | Raqqa | | In partial ruins since |
| Great Mosque of Hama | | Hama | | Destroyed during the 1982 Hama massacre and reconstructed in 2001 |
| al-Nuqtah Mosque | | Aleppo | | |
| Great Mosque of al-Nuri | | Homs | 1129 | |
| Nur al-Din Mosque | | Hama | 1172 | |
| Al-Qaiqan Mosque | | Aleppo | | |
| Great Mosque of Maarat al-Numan | | Maarat al-Numan | | Destroyed during the 2016 Battle of Maarat al-Numan |
| Hanabila Mosque | | Damascus | 1210 | Believed to be a miniature version of the Umayyad Mosque |
| Aqsab Mosque | | Damascus | 1234 | |
| Great Mosque of Sarmin | | Sarmin | 1259 | Significantly damaged in October 2023, during the Syrian civil war |
| Yalbugha Mosque | | Damascus | 1264 | Repurposed for profane use in the 19th century; demolished in 1974; rebuilt on the same location in 2014 |
| Mahmandar Mosque | | Aleppo | 1303 | Minaret was damaged in 2012, during the Battle of Aleppo |
| Mosque of Prophet Huri | | Cyrrhus | 1314 | Established during the Mamluk period around a historic Roman-period hexagonal tower tomb. Damaged in conflicts in 2018 and restored in 2020 |
| Altun Bogha Mosque | | Aleppo | 1318 | |
| Abu'l-Fida Mosque | | Hama | 1327 | Mausoleum completed in 1327; the mosque during the Mamluk era |
| Al-Tawashi Mosque | | Aleppo | 1348 | |
| Bahsita Mosque | | Aleppo | 1350 | |
| Al-Sahibiyah Mosque | | Aleppo | 1350 | |
| al-Otrush Mosque | | Aleppo | 1408 | |
| Al-Saffahiyah Mosque | | Aleppo | 1425 | |
| Salimiyya Takiyya | | Damascus | 1519 | Sufi takiyya |
| Khusruwiyah Mosque | | Aleppo | 1547 | The mosque was entirely destroyed during the Battle of Aleppo in August 2014 |
| Sulaymaniyya Takiyya | | Damascus | 1559 | Sufi takiyya |
| Al-Adiliyah Mosque | | Aleppo | 1566 | The mosque was almost entirely destroyed during the Battle of Aleppo in the summer of |
| Murad Pasha Mosque | | Damascus | 1568 | Also known as the Naqshbandi Mosque after the Naqshbandi Sufi order. |
| Darwish Pasha Mosque | | Damascus | 1574 | |
| Behramiyah Mosque | | Aleppo | 1583 | Ottoman style; rebuilt many times |
| Sinan Pasha Mosque | | Damascus | 1590 | Named after Sinan Pasha |
| Nabi Habeel Mosque | | Damascus | 1599 | Tomb of Abel, son of Prophet Adam |
| Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque | | Homs | 1912 | Preserves the tomb of Khalid ibn al-Walid, one of the most prominent Sahaba |
| Al-Atassi Mosque | | Homs | 1913 | Founded by the Al-Atassi family; completed in the late Ottoman style |
| Al-Salam Mosque | | Homs | 1980 | |
| Tawhid Mosque | | Aleppo | 1981 | |
| Sayyidah Ruqayya Mosque | | Damascus | 1985 | A Twelver Shī‘ah Shrine of Fatimah, the youngest daughter of Husayn ibn Ali |
| | Sayyida Zaynab | 1991 | A Twelver Shī‘ah shrine of Zaynab bint Ali, her grave's location is debated between this mosque and Cairo's mosque. |
| Ar-Rahman Mosque | | Aleppo | 1994 | |
| Uwais al-Qarni Mosque | | Raqqa | 2003 | A Twelver Shī‘ah mosque, Destroyed by the Islamic State on 31 May 2014 |
| | Jableh | 785 | Contains a tomb dedicated to the Sufi mystic Ibrahim ibn Adham |
| Al-Iman Mosque | | Damascus | ? | |