List of hallucinogens

This is a list of hallucinogens, or psychoactive drugs that produce majorly altered states of consciousness.

Psychedelics

Psychdedelics, also known as serotonergic psychedelics or classical hallucinogens, are serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor agonists and include the following:

Tryptamines such as psilocybin, psilocin, dimethyltryptamine, 5-MeO-DMT, bufotenin, and α-methyltryptamine
Phenethylamines such as mescaline, DOM, 2C-B, 25I-NBOMe, and MDA
Lysergamides such as LSD, ergine, ALD-52, ETH-LAD, and LSZ
Others such as efavirenz, IHCH-7113, mefloquine, MK-212, quipazine, and RH-34

Dissociatives

Dissociatives, also known as dissociative hallucinogens or dissociative anesthetics, are NMDA receptor antagonists and include the following:

Arylcyclohexylamines such as ketamine, phencyclidine, methoxetamine, and tiletamine
Morphinans such as dextromethorphan, its active metabolite dextrorphan, and dextrallorphan
Adamantanes such as amantadine and memantine
Diarylethylamines such as diphenidine, ephenidine, fluorolintane, and methoxphenidine
Inhalants such as nitrous oxide and xenon
Others such as alkyl nitrites, aptiganel, dexoxadrol, dizocilpine, etoxadrol, and selfotel

Deliriants

Deliriants are muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists, also known as antimuscarinics or anticholinergics, and include the following:

Tropanes such as atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine
Others such as benztropine, biperidin, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, procyclidine, trihexyphenidyl, and tropicamide

κ-Opioid receptor agonists

κ-Opioid receptor agonists with hallucinogenic effects include the following:

Salvinoids like salvinorin A, 2-MMSB, 2-EMSB, and RB-64
Benzomorphans such as pentazocine, phenazocine, and alazocine
Morphinans such as levorphanol, levomethorphan, and nalorphine
Others such as spiradoline, enadoline, and HZ-2

GABAergics

GABA_A receptor agonists

GABA_A receptor agonists with hallucinogenic effects include the following:

Muscimol and ibotenic acid, the active constituents of Amanita muscaria mushrooms
Gaboxadol, a synthetic analogue of muscimol

Indirect GABA_A receptor agonists

GABA_A receptor positive allosteric modulators

Nonbenzodiazepines or Z drugs such as eszopiclone, zaleplon, zolpidem, and zopiclone

GABA reuptake inhibitors

CI-966, a potent GABA transporter 1 blocker

Oneirogens

Oneirogens, also known as oneirophrenics, have an unknown mechanism of action and include the following:

β-Carbolines and harmala alkaloids such as harmine, harmaline, tetrahydroharmine, 6-methoxyharmalan, and 6-MeO-THH
Iboga alkaloids such as ibogaine and noribogaine

Cannabinoids

Cannabinoids with hallucinogenic effects are cannabinoid CB₁ receptor agonists and include the following:

Phytocannabinoids such as Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol
Synthetic cannabinoids such as nabilone, JWH-018, JWH-073, and HU-210

Certain monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitors, which inhibit endocannabinoid metabolism and hence are indirect cannabinoid CB₁ receptor agonists, also produce partial or full cannabinoid-like discriminative stimulus effects in animal drug discrimination tests. Conversely, fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors, which inhibit endocannabinoid inactivation as well, do not substitute for cannabinoids, at least by themselves.

Other hallucinogens

Other hallucinogens that are not known to fall into any of the above groups include the following:

Aminochromes such as adrenochrome and adrenolutin
Carbogen, a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen gas
Glaucine, an aporphine alkaloid known to act as a positive allosteric modulator of serotonin 5-HT₂ receptors among other actions
Hallucinogenic bolete mushrooms such as Lanmaoa asiatica
Kykeon, an ancient drink of the Eleusinian Mysteries of unknown identity with possible hallucinogenic effects
Nutmeg, which contains the active constituents myristicin and elemicin
Soma, an ancient drink made from a plant of unknown identity with possible hallucinogenic effects