June 1913

June 1, 1913 (Sunday)

• Greece and Serbia signed an alliance to attack their former Balkan League ally, Bulgaria.

  June 2, 1913 (Monday)

• After U.S. President Woodrow Wilson warned the public about the money being spent by lobbyists to fight tariff reform, the United States Senate ordered its Judiciary Committee to prepare a report with "the names of all lobbyists attempting to influence such pending legislation and the methods that they have employed to accomplish their ends." Over the next six days, the 96 Senators were required to appear before a special subcommittee and to state, under oath, whether they had a financial interest in the outcome of any pending bills.
• The first Canadian Pacific Railway train crossed the newly built High Level Bridge in Edmonton, which spanned a length of across the North Saskatchewan River. Street car service was added on August 11.
• Passenger service was opened to rail stations Copperas Hill, Lowca, Micklam, Moss Bay, and Rose Hill in Cumbria, England.
• A rail station opened west of Dover, England to serve the South Eastern Main Line. It was closed in 1994.
• A Confederate monument, nicknamed Silent Sam, was unveiled at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The statue was pulled down by protesters in 2018.
• The town of Winona Lake, Indiana, was incorporated.
• Born:
• *Barbara Pym, English writer, as Mary Crampton, known for her novels Excellent Women and Quartet in Autumn; in Oswestry, Shropshire
• *Elsie Tu, British activist, supporter of Hong Kong independence from Great Britain; as Elsie Hume, in Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland, England
• Died: Alfred Austin, 78, British poet, Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom from 1896 to 1913

  June 3, 1913 (Tuesday)

• The last known specimen of the Canary Islands oystercatcher was caught, then released, by British ornithologist David Armitage Bannerman. Possible sightings were reported as late as the 1960s, but the bird is considered extinct.
• Mexican rebels, commanded by General Lucio Blanco, captured Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico across the Rio Grande from Brownsville, Texas.
• Russian composer Igor Stravinsky and his wife Yekaterina ate oysters for dinner, and then fell ill with typhus and were incapacitated for more than a month.
• Born:
• *Charles H. Fairbanks, American archaeologist, known for research into Georgia's Ocmulgee Mounds; in Bainbridge, New York
• *George Hourani, British philosopher, best known for his work in Islamic philosophy; in Manchester
• Died:
• *James Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Abercorn, British politician, who served as Lord High Constable of Ireland at the 1911 coronation of George V, in London

  June 4, 1913 (Wednesday)

• Suffragette Emily Davison was fatally injured when she ran in front of Anmer, the racehorse owned by King George, in the running of the Epsom Derby. Davison came from out of the stands, ducked under a railing and past police, and ran out in front of the horse, who was in last place. Herbert Jones, who was riding Anmer, was thrown and knocked unconscious for two hours, while Davison was trampled by the horse and never woke up. She died four days later.
• The Epsom Derby was won by Aboyeur, who had 100 to 1 odds against him and had finished in second place behind the favorite, Cragonour. After Cragonour was announced as the winner, an objection was raised by race stewards, because American jockey Johnnie Reiff had bumped other horses on the way to the finish.
• Prime Minister László Lukács of Hungary and his cabinet resigned. István Tisza was asked by Austro-Hungarian Emperor Franz Joseph to form a new cabinet.
• German battleship was launched by AG Weser in Bremen as one of four ships in her class that would participate in the Battle of Jutland in 1916.
• In Chicago, world heavyweight boxing champion Jack Johnson was sentenced to one year and one day in prison at Joliet, Illinois, after being found guilty of violating the Mann Act. He was also given two weeks to seek a reconsideration.
• Shoeless Joe Jackson, at that time a player for the Cleveland Indians, in a game against the New York Yankees, hit what was believed to be "the longest home run ever hit in the major leagues up to that time."
• The opera Julien by composer Gustave Charpentier premiered at the Opéra-Comique in Paris.
• Al Jolson made his first song recording with "You Made Me Love You ", by James V. Monaco and Joseph McCarthy, through Columbia Records. Jolson had already popularized the song in the Broadway show The Honeymoon Express, and the recording became one of the biggest song hits of the year.

  June 5, 1913 (Thursday)

• Ambassadors Theatre opened on West Street, Westminster, London.
• The opera Khovanshchina by composer Modest Mussorgsky premiered at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris.
• Spanish pianist and partner Ricardo Viñes performed in public Descriptions automatiques by French composer Erik Satie during a concert at Salle Érard in Paris.
• Died: Chris von der Ahe, 61, German-born American sports executive, founder and owner of the St. Louis Brown Stockings ; from cirrhosis

  June 6, 1913 (Friday)

• Prince Albert Frederick George, the 17-year-old son of King George V, and the future King George VI, made his first visit to the United States, crossing the border from Canada into Niagara Falls, New York. Prince Albert, who was in Canada with 60 cadets from HMS Cumberland, was not immediately recognized in the crowd, but told reporters later that "This is my first trip to the continent and the first time I have stood under the Stars and Stripes on American soil."
• Stoneyetts Hospital opened in Moodiesburn, Scotland. Originally intended for the treatment of patients with epilepsy, it later cared for those with intellectual disabilities and mental disorders. It operated until 1992.
• Born: Carlo L. Golino, Italian-born American scholar, best known for his research and promotion of Italian literature in the United States; in Pescara

  June 7, 1913 (Saturday)

• Archdeacon Hudson Stuck and a team of mountaineers became the first persons to reach the top of North America's highest mountain, the high Mount McKinley in Alaska. Harper, born in Alaska and son of an Athabaskan mother, was the first of the group to reach the summit. The feat was reported on June 20.
• United Mine Workers president John Phillip White and 18 other union officials were indicted by a federal grand jury in Charleston, West Virginia on charges of violating the Sherman Antitrust law.
• The world's largest swimming pool, as wide as a city block and twice as long, opened at Palisades Amusement Park in New Jersey. The pool, made of cement, was constructed by park owners and brothers Nicholas and Joseph M. Schenck.

  June 8, 1913 (Sunday)

• Thirty thousand German athletes attended the dedication of the Deutsches Stadion at Grunewald, near Berlin, which was scheduled to host the 1916 Summer Olympics. Due to World War I, the Games would not take place.
• Died:
• *Emily Davison, 40, British activist, prominent member of the Women's Social and Political Union
• *Charles Augustus Briggs, 72, American theologian, early proponent of Liberal Christianity

  June 9, 1913 (Monday)

• St. Bridget College was established in Batangas City, Philippines.
• John Maynard Keynes, whose theories of economics would have worldwide impact, published his first book, Indian Currency and Finance.
• Born: Patrick Steptoe, British physician who pioneered in vitro fertilisation with Robert Edwards; in Oxford, Oxfordshire

  June 10, 1913 (Tuesday)

• The Supreme Court of the United States upheld the constitutionality of the law requiring newspapers to publish statements of circulation and ownership, and to mark advertising plainly.
• Anna Johnson of Colfax, Wisconsin became the first blind graduate of the Wisconsin School for the Deaf at Delavan, Wisconsin. Miss Johnson, who was blind, deaf and mute "with the further handicap of being minus one lower limb" had achieved honors in literature and history, and planned to attend Gallaudet College.
• Tsar Nicholas dedicated the opening of the Kronstadt Naval Cathedral specific to the Russian Navy in Kronstadt, Saint Petersburg.
• The football club Colțea București was established in Bucharest.
• Born:
• *Tikhon Khrennikov, Soviet Russian composer, known for works including his operas Into the Storm, four-time recipient of the Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner of Labour; in Yelets, Russian Empire
• *Wilbur J. Cohen, U.S. Secretary of Health Education and Welfare 1968 to 1969; in Milwaukee, United States

  June 11, 1913 (Wednesday)

• Turkish Grand Vizier Mahmud Shevket Pasha was assassinated in Istanbul. Shefket Pasha was being driven from the Ministry of War in a car, when another car pulled alongside him and ten shots were fired. Said Halim Pasha, the Foreign Minister, was appointed as his successor. Twelve "real or alleged plotters" were arrested, and hanged on June 24.
• The five-day long Battle of Bud Bagsak started in the Philippines when United States Army General John J. "Black Jack" Pershing lead a combined force of American soldiers, Philippine Scouts and the Philippine Constabulary against a contingent of 500 Moro warriors. Chiefs Naquib Amil, Jami and Sahipa sent word that they would not surrender.
• Spanish gunboat Cañonero General Concha ran aground due to dense fog in hostile Moroccan territory near Alhucemas, Spanish Morocco where they were set upon by Kabyle rebels. The crew of 53 held off the rebels for 15 hours before they were rescued by the Spanish Navy, afterwards the boat was shelled and sunk. In the wreck and ensuing fight, the crew suffered 16 dead, 17 injured and 11 taken prisoner.
• A record of 36 hours underwater was set by the Cage, a submarine invented by John Milton Cage Sr., who had taken the boat down at 5:00 am the day prior, along with five other men.
• The German ocean liner, largest in the world at the time, was launched from Hamburg.
• The football club Santanense was established in Santana do Livramento, Brazil.
• Born:
• *Vince Lombardi, American football coach, two-time Super Bowl champion as head coach for the Green Bay Packers; as Vincent Lombardi, in New York City
• *Risë Stevens, American opera singer, known for her collaborations with Metropolitan Opera including Carmen; as Risë Steenberg, in New York City