GM Ecotec engine


The GM Ecotec engine, also known by its codename L850, is a family of inline-four engines, displacing between 1.2 and 2.5 litres. Confusingly, the Ecotec name was also applied to both the Buick V6 Engine when used in Holden Vehicles, as well as the final DOHC derivatives of the previous GM Family II engine; the architecture was substantially re-engineered for this new Ecotec application produced since 2000. This engine family replaced the GM Family II engine, the GM 122 engine, the Saab H engine, and the Quad 4 engine. It is manufactured in multiple locations, to include Spring Hill Manufacturing, in Spring Hill, Tennessee, with engine blocks and cylinder heads cast at Saginaw Metal Casting Operations in Saginaw, Michigan.

Generation I

The "Ecotec" name was adopted in 1994 for the new generation of Family II engines . The name was already used for the Opel GM Family II engine, Family 1 and Family 0 ranges. GM intended this new Ecotec to become its global 4-cylinder, and it has already fully replaced their OHV I4 line.
The Ecotec engine is a DOHC 4-valve design with a lost foam cast aluminium block and head, designed for displacements from 1.8 to 2.4 L. Development began in 1994, by an international team of engineers and technicians from Opel's International Technical Development Center in Rüsselsheim, Germany, GM Powertrain in Pontiac, Michigan, and Saab in Södertälje, Sweden. Much of the development work on this project was carried out by , Hethel, United Kingdom. The engine uses aluminium pistons and cast iron cylinder liners. Vibration is reduced with twin balance shafts.
The first engine in the Ecotec Gen I line-up was Ecotec 2.2 L61, introduced in May 1999.
The current Ecotec line is manufactured in Tonawanda, New York.

2.0

LK9

This engine is also known as B207 when used by Saab and Z20NET by Opel for use in the Vectra C and Signum.
LK9 is a turbocharged version of the L850 series Ecotec utilizing an all-new reinforced sand cast aluminium cylinder head and upgraded internal components. The engine features a five-bearing forged steel crankshaft, strengthened connecting rods, redesigned pistons, piston oil cooling jets, reprofiled camshafts and an integrated oil cooler. The exhaust valves are liquid sodium-cooled. All vehicles using this engine feature Saab's Trionic 8 engine management system as well as a revised valve train. The timing chain and timing gears are also new, along with Saab's Direct Ignition system. The reinforcements, turbocharging, intercooling, internals, dual overhead camshaft, and such were developed by GM Powertrain Sweden. It features an bore and stroke and a 9.5:1 compression ratio. Maximum power is at 5300 rpm and of torque at 2500 rpm. Maximum boost is.
Applications:
ModelYearsPowerTorqueTurbochargerBoost Pressure
1.8t 2003-2006 @ 5500 rpm @ 2000-3500 rpm
1.8t 2006-2012 @ 5500 rpm @ 2000-3500 rpm
2.0t 2003-2006 @ 5500 rpm @ 2500-4000 rpm
2.0t 2006-2012 @ 5500 rpm @ 2500-4000 rpm
2.0T 2003-2014 @ 5300 rpm @ 2500-4000 rpm

LSJ

The LSJ is a supercharged version of the LK9 Ecotec with an Eaton M62 Roots-type supercharger and air-to-liquid intercooler. The LSJ shares many of its components with the LK9 such as: piston cooling jets, oil cooler, pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft, oil pan, sodium-filled exhaust valves and cylinder head. It is rated at at 5600 rpm and at 4400 rpm with a compression ratio of 9.5:1 and a 6450 rpm redline. With the end of the Chevy Cobalt S/C SS and Saturn Ion Red Line, the LSJ was discontinued after 2007. In late 2005 Brammo Motorsports struck a deal with GM for the Supercharged 2.0 L Ecotec for their Ariel Atom. The engine came in various ratings from to.
The LSJ was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 2006.
This engine is used in:
YearModelPowerTorque
2004-2007Saturn Ion Red Line @ 5600 rpm @ 4400 rpm
2005-2007Chevrolet Cobalt SS Supercharged Coupe @ 5600 rpm @ 4400 rpm

2.2

L61

The basic Family II architecture was substantially re-engineered in 2000 to become the Ecotec Gen I. Unlike its notably harsh predecessor, the engine was designed for smoothness. Dual in-block balance shafts were integral to the design, the power-steering pump was mounted directly to the cylinder head and driven by the intake camshaft, the water-pump housing was cast into the block, and the A/C compressor and alternator were mounted directly on the block without brackets. The oil filter housing was cast into the block with a removable cover and replaceable paper element. It did not use an EGR valve. The Ecotec line is manufactured in Tonawanda, New York, and Kaiserslautern, Germany, and was also manufactured for Saturn in Spring Hill, Tennessee, until Saturn's discontinuation. In North America, this engine replaced both the Quad-4 and the GM 122 engines and first appeared in the 2000 Saturn L-Series.
The L61 is a version with a lost-foam cast aluminium cylinder head and block; it features an bore and stroke and either a 9.5:1 compression ratio or a 10.0:1. The engine is in length, in width, in height and approximately.
The Ecotec 2.2, model L61 first appeared in the 2000 Saturn LS1; the L61-powered Saturn Ion also replaced the Saturn-powered Saturn S-Series.
There are a few variations to the standard L61. The 2003 Saturn L-Series has a high output version with higher compression and more aggressive camshaft. The 2004-2008 Chevrolet Malibu uses a version with electronic throttle control and a special unitized exhaust manifold and catalytic converter. The Malibu and Saturn versions also use return-less fuel injection. The 2002 Saturn VUE was the first North American variant of the L61 to be equipped with electronic throttle control, whereas other applications did not arise until 2005 in the Saturn ION and Chevrolet Cobalt. For 2007, introduced an [|updated version] of the L61 based on the Gen II design.
The supercharger and inlet manifold from the 2.0 Ecotec LSJ engine can be purchased as an official kit from GM and along with modified software in the ECM, can create a 2.2 supercharged version of this engine.
The L61 was used in the following cars:
YearModelPowerTorqueCompression ratio
2002Chevrolet Cavalier @ 5600 rpm @ 4400 rpm10.0:1
2003-2005Chevrolet Cavalier @ 5600 rpm @ 4000 rpm10.0:1
2005-2006Chevrolet Cobalt @ 5600 rpm @ 4000 rpm10.0:1
2006Chevrolet HHR @ 5600 rpm @ 4000 rpm10.0:1
2004Chevrolet Malibu @ 5600 rpm @ 4000 rpm10.0:1
2005-2006Chevrolet Malibu @ 5600 rpm @ 4000 rpm10.0:1
2002-2004Oldsmobile Alero @ 5600 rpm @ 4000 rpm10.0:1
2002Pontiac Grand Am @ 5600 rpm @ 4400 rpm10.0:1
2003-2005Pontiac Grand Am @ 5600 rpm @ 4000 rpm10.0:1
2002Pontiac Sunfire @ 5600 rpm @ 4400 rpm10.0:1
2003-2005Pontiac Sunfire @ 5600 rpm @ 4000 rpm10.0:1
2005-2006Pontiac Pursuit/G5 @ 5600 rpm @ 4000 rpm10.0:1
2000Saturn L-Series @ 5800 rpm @ 4400 rpm9.5:1
2001-2003Saturn L-Series @ 5200 rpm @ 4400 rpm9.5:1
2004Saturn L-Series @ 5600 rpm @ 4000 rpm9.5:1
2003-2006Saturn Ion @ 5800 rpm @ 4400 rpm10.0:1
2002-2005Saturn Vue @ 5400 rpm @ 4000 rpm10.0:1
2006Saturn Vue @ 5600 rpm @ 4000 rpm10.0:1
2007Saturn Vue @ 5600 rpm @ 4000 rpm10.0:1
2001-2005Opel Speedster/Vauxhall VX220 @ 5800 rpm @ 4000 rpm
2000-2003Opel/Vauxhall Astra @ 5800 rpm @ 4000 rpm
2001-2002Opel/Vauxhall Vectra @ 5800 rpm @ 4000 rpm
2000-2003Opel/Vauxhall Zafira @ 5800 rpm @ 4000 rpm
2001-2006Holden Astra @ 5800 rpm @ 4000 rpm

This engine also powered the Japanese-market Subaru Traviq, a badge-engineered Opel Zafira A.
Following the GM–Fiat agreement, the 2.2 L engine is also used in: