Visa policy of the Schengen Area
The visa policy of the Schengen Area is a component within the wider area of freedom, security and justice policy of the European Union. It applies to the Schengen Area and Cyprus, but not to EU member state Ireland. The visa policy allows nationals of certain countries to enter the Schengen Area via air, land or sea without a visa for up to 90 days within any 180-day period. Nationals of certain other countries are required to have a visa to enter and, in some cases, transit through the Schengen area.
The Schengen Area consists of 25 EU member states and four non-EU countries that are members of EFTA: Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland.
Cyprus, while an EU member state, is not yet part of the Schengen Area but, nonetheless, has a visa policy that is partially based on the Schengen acquis.
Ireland has opted out of the Schengen Agreement and instead operates its own visa policy, as do certain overseas territories of Schengen member states.
Nationals of EU single market countries are not only visa-exempt but are legally entitled to enter and reside in each other's countries. However, their right to freedom of movement in each other's countries can be limited in a reserved number of situations, as prescribed by EU treaties.
Visa policy map
Visa exemptions
Freedom of movement
| Rules for freedom of movement |
| Directive 2004/38/EC defines the right of free movement for citizens of the European Economic Area, which includes the European Union and three European Free Trade Association members Iceland, Norway and Liechtenstein. Switzerland, which is a member of EFTA but not of the EEA, is not bound by the Directive but rather has a separate multilateral agreement on the free movement with the EU and its member states. Freedom of movement between Switzerland and the other EFTA countries happens in accordance with the EFTA convention. All of these countries comprise the EU single market. Nationals of all EU single market states holding a valid passport, Irish [passport card|passport card], or national identity card can enter, reside and work in each other's territory without a visa. If they are unable to present a valid passport or national identity card at the border, they must nonetheless be afforded every reasonable opportunity to obtain the necessary documents or have them brought to them within a reasonable period of time or corroborate or prove by other means that they are covered by the right of free movement. However, EU single market states can refuse entry to any EU single market national on public policy, public security or public health grounds where the person presents a "genuine, present and sufficiently serious threat affecting one of the fundamental interests of society". If the person has obtained permanent residence in the country where entry is sought, the member state can only expel the person on serious grounds of public policy or public security. Where the person has resided for 10 years or is a minor, the member state can only expel the person on imperative grounds of public security. Expulsion on public health grounds must relate to diseases with 'epidemic potential' which have occurred less than 3 months from the person's date of arrival in the member state where entry is sought. |
Nationals of 'Annex II' countries and territories (visa waiver countries)
Since 2001, the European Union has issued a list of countries whose nationals need visas and a list of those who do not. The two lists are also adopted by Cyprus, despite not being part of the Schengen Area yet.Nationals of the following countries and territories holding ordinary passports may enter the Schengen Area and Cyprus without a visa, for short stays :
| Date of visa changes |
Nationalities exempt from visas in all EU member states, for holders of ordinary passports for short stays not including study or work :
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| Rules for Annex II nationals |
To be able to enter the Schengen Area or Cyprus, the above Annex II nationals are required to:
All Annex II nationals can also enter Cyprus without a visa for a maximum of 90 days in a 180-day period. The visa-free time restriction for entering and staying in Cyprus is calculated separately from the one for the Schengen Area. According to a table compiled by the European Commission, some Schengen countries permit certain nationals to work during their visa-free stay:
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Residents and holders of visas of Schengen states
Holders of a long-stay visa or residence permit issued by a Schengen state or Monaco may also travel to other Schengen states, without an additional visa, for a stay of up to 90 days in any 180-day period. Short-stay visas issued by a Schengen state are also valid for all other Schengen states unless marked otherwise.Holders of a double or multiple-entry visa or residence permit issued by a Schengen state or Monaco may also travel to Cyprus without an additional visa, for a stay of up to 90 days in any 180-day period, except nationals of Turkey and Azerbaijan, who still need a Cypriot visa. However, visas and residence permits issued by Cyprus are not valid for travel to the Schengen Area.
Family members of EU single market nationals
Individuals of any nationality who are family members of EU single market nationals and are in possession of a residence card indicating their status are exempt from the requirement to hold a visa when entering the EU single market when they are accompanying their EU single market family member or are seeking to join them.| Rules for family members of EU single market nationals |
An individual can enter and stay in each Schengen member state for up to 3 months without a visa if he/she:
A family member of an EU single market national satisfying the above conditions can also enter Cyprus for a stay of up to 90 days. In theory, a family member of an EU single market national who does not fulfil the above conditions does not have to apply for a visa in advance, and can instead obtain a visa on arrival at the border checkpoint of a Schengen country or Cyprus by presenting evidence of the familial relationship. |
School pupils resident in the EU single market or Annex II countries and territories
| Rules for school pupils resident in Annex II countries and territories |
| School pupils travelling in the context of a school excursion as members of a group of school pupils accompanied by a teacher from the school in question who reside in an Annex II country/territory, but hold the nationality of an Annex I country/territory, are granted visa-free entry to Cyprus, Germany, Malta, Poland and Slovakia. In addition, those who reside in the United Kingdom are also granted visa-free entry to Belgium, Denmark, France, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. School pupils who require a visa for the Schengen Area or Cyprus and who are visiting for the purpose of study and/or educational training are waived the visa application fee. |
Refugees and stateless people resident in Ireland or Annex II countries and territories
Holders of local border traffic permits
Currently the local border traffic regulation agreements exist with Belarus, Moldova, Russia and Ukraine. Agreement between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina is pending ratification but is applied on provisional basis.| Rules for the holders of local border traffic permits |
| Schengen countries are authorised by virtue of the EU regulation no 1931/2006 to conclude bilateral agreements with neighbouring third countries to introduce a local border traffic permit scheme. Such permits are a type of multiple-entry visa in the form of a passport sticker or a card containing the holder's name and photo, as well as a statement that its holder is not authorised to move outside the border area and that any abuse shall be subject to penalties. The border area may include any administrative district within 30 kilometres from the external border. The applicant for the permit has to show legitimate reasons to frequently cross an external land border under the local border traffic regime. The validity of the permit can be up to five years. Holders of local border traffic permits are able to spend up to 3 months every time they enter the border area of the Schengen country which has issued the permit. A local border traffic permit scheme has been implemented in Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia for Ukrainian nationals, is being implemented or negotiated in Poland and Lithuania regarding Belarus and Russia, and has also been implemented in a 30 km border zone between Norway and Russia in 2012. See Schengen Area#Local border traffic at external borders. There is also a tendency to allow more and more one-year multiple-entry visas to Russians especially by Finland. There are plans in the EU to allow up to 5 years validity on multiple-entry visas for Russians, partly to relieve the work load at embassies. |
Holders of non-ordinary passports
There are no common visa lists for holders of diplomatic and official passports. States may still maintain different policies on these.| Visa waivers maintained exclusively for diplomatic and official passports |
Holders of diplomatic and official passports of Annex II countries do not need a visa for a short stay of 90 days, except for:
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Airport transit
In general, a passenger who transits through one single airport in the Schengen Area and Cyprus while remaining airside in the international transit area less than one day will not require a visa. This only applies if the transfer is possible without leaving the international transit area, which depends on the connecting flight and airport layout.However, on 5 April 2010, common visa requirements for airport transit were introduced by the European Union. Nationals of the following 12 countries are required to hold an airport transit visa when transiting through any airport in the Schengen Area or Cyprus, even if they remain airside:
Additionally, individual Schengen countries can impose airport transit visa requirements for nationals of other countries in urgent cases of mass influx of illegal immigrants. For example, nationals of Syria need ATVs for many but not all Schengen countries.
However, nationals of all these countries are exempt from airport transit visas if they hold a visa or residence permit for an EU single market country, Canada, Japan, United States or the Caribbean part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, a residence permit for Andorra, Monaco, San Marino or the United Kingdom, a diplomatic passport, are family members of an EU single market national, or are flight crew members.
| Additional nationalities required to have an ATV in some Schengen countries |
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Visas
Schengen visas can be issued by any member state of the Schengen Area. Travellers must apply to the embassy or consulate of the country which they intend to visit. In cases of travellers visiting multiple countries in the Schengen Area, travellers must apply to their main destination's embassy or consulate. If the main destination cannot be determined, the traveller should apply for the visa at the embassy of the Schengen member state of first entry. Often, external service providers are contracted by certain diplomatic missions to process, collect and return visa applications.Schengen visa applications may not be submitted more than six months prior to the proposed date of entry into the Schengen Area. All countries' embassies may require applicants to provide biometric identifiers as part of the visa application process to be stored on the Visa Information System. Biometric identifiers are not collected from children under the age of 12. Travellers applying for a Schengen visa for the first time must apply in person and are subject to an interview by the consular officers. If biometric identifiers have been provided within the past 59 months, the applicant may not be required to provide biometric identifiers again. Providing that the visa application is admissible and there are no issues with the application, a decision must be given within 15 calendar days of the date on which the application was lodged.
The standard application fee for a Schengen visa is EUR 90. There is a reduced fee of EUR 45 for children aged 6 to 12, and no fee for children under age 6, for applicants intending to undertake study, educational training or scientific research, and for applicants under age 25 representing non-profit organisations. In some cases the visa fee may be waived for children under age 18, for holders of diplomatic and service passports, and for applicants under age 25 participating in events by non-profit organisations, and may be waived or reduced in order to 'promote cultural or sporting interests, interests in the field of foreign policy, development policy and other areas of vital public interest, or for humanitarian reasons or because of international obligations'. If the applicant's country of nationality is considered not to be cooperating on the readmission of irregular migrants, the visa fee may be increased up to EUR 180, except for children under age 12. If a visa application is submitted to an external service provider, an additional service fee up to EUR 120 may be required.
Schengen visas are valid for any country in the Schengen Area unless marked otherwise. Cyprus also accepts double and multiple-entry Schengen visas, for stays of up to 90 days in a 180-day period, except for nationals of Turkey and Azerbaijan. However, visas issued by Cyprus are not valid for travel to the Schengen Area.
The Schengen Convention and Schengen Borders Code permit member states to require third-country nationals to report their presence to a police station within 3 working days of crossing an internal border. This requirement varies by country and can usually be performed by hotels instead.
Since the global loosening of COVID-19 lockdown rules and the rebound in travel demand, Schengen nation embassies have come under immense criticism for long visa processing times and unavailability of visa appointments. The general lack of competition for visa outsourcing contracts, which are dominated by companies such as VFS Global, BLS International and TLScontact, has also been blamed for the poor service.
This has partly spurred the EU to further digitalise the process. It is planning to introduce a unified online visa application platform named EU VAP at the EU and Schengen level, replacing the separated national platforms. The platform will be built by eu-LISA and is scheduled to be introduced in 2026. A transition period for all member states to migrate to the single platform is scheduled to last until 2031. The European Parliament voted on 18 October 2023 to introduce the digital application system and for cryptographically signed visas. In almost all cases, applications for Schengen visas will be made through a single website.
Number of entries and validity period
Schengen visas may be issued for one, two or multiple entries, with a validity period up to five years. Under the standard rules, new applicants are granted visas valid only for their intended trips, then after using three visas in the previous two years they qualify for a multiple-entry visa valid for one year, then for two years, then for five years. However, applicants who justify their need for frequent travel may be granted a multiple-entry visa with a longer validity without satisfying the previous requirements.The EU Commission may set different rules about multiple-entry visas for specific countries. For example:
- The maximum validity of multiple-entry visas is two years if issued in Algeria and Iran, and three years if issued in Ghana.
- Nationals of Bahrain, Belize, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar and Saudi Arabia are granted multiple-entry visas valid for five years even if applying for the first time.
- Nationals of India who used two visas in the previous three years qualify for a multiple-entry visa valid for two years, then for five years.
- Nationals of Indonesia who used a visa in the previous three years qualify for a multiple-entry visa valid for five years.
- Nationals of Russia who do not justify their need for frequent travel are granted multiple-entry visas only if they are spouses, children or parents of EU citizens or residents, valid for one year, or if they are transportation workers, valid for nine months.
- Nationals of Turkey who used a visa in the previous year qualify for a multiple-entry visa valid for six months, then for one year, then for three years, then for five years.
- Permanent residents of the United States who used a visa in the previous three years qualify for a multiple-entry visa valid for one year, then for two years, then for five years.
Visa facilitation agreements
Working Holiday Visas
Many EU/Schengen countries have signed bilateral Working Holiday Visas for non-EU/Schengen countries which allows the nationals of those countries to work and travel up to one year in the country they applied for.Those agreements are usually reciprocal with other countries allowing some EU/Schengen countries to work and travel outside the EU/Schengen countries.
Those visas are bilateral and not multilateral for the whole EU/Schengen countries.
All EU/Schengen countries have some Working Holiday Visa programs except Lichtenstein and Bulgaria.
At the border
In exceptional cases, single-entry Schengen visas valid for up to 15 days may be issued on arrival at the border. These visas are reserved for individuals who can prove that they were unable to apply for a visa in advance due to time constraints arising out of 'unforeseeable' and 'imperative' reasons as long as they fulfil the regular criteria for the issuing of a Schengen visa. However, if the individual requesting a Schengen visa at the border falls within a category of people for which it is necessary to consult one or more of the central authorities of other Schengen states, they may only be issued a visa at the border in exceptional cases on humanitarian grounds, on grounds of national interest or on account of international obligations. People trying this way to travel to the Schengen Area can be denied boarding by the airline because of the carrier's responsibility, which penalises airlines if they carry passengers who do not have the correct documentation.Visas with limited territorial validity
In exceptional cases, Schengen states may issue visas with limited territorial validity, either specifically naming the state for which it is valid or, inversely, the state for which it is not valid. According to the Schengen Visa Code, member states may issue LTV visas when a consulate deems it justifiable to overcome the three-month limitation in six months, when a member state considers it necessary due to pressing circumstances to derogate from entry conditions as set by Schengen Borders Code, to overcome objections of other member states, or in cases of urgency.Unrecognised travel documents
Schengen visas are only issued on travel documents of UN member states, Kosovo, Palestine, Taiwan, Vatican City, the Order of Malta, and certain international organisations. Belgium and France also accept the passport of Somaliland. Passports of Abkhazia, Northern Cyprus, South Ossetia, Transnistria and Western Sahara are not accepted.Statistics
Most Schengen visas, including visas with limited territorial validity, were issued at consulates of Schengen states located in the countries listed below. Visas issued in a country were not necessarily for nationals of that country.Proposed changes
Visa exemptions
- – In November 2025, the EU Commission presented to Armenian officials an action plan on visa liberalisation, establishing the conditions to be met before visa-free travel can be implemented.
- – In 2022, the EU Council proposed a visa exemption for nationals of all countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council that were not yet exempt.
- – In 2024, EU and Belizean officials continued meeting to discuss a Schengen visa waiver.
- – In 2022, the EU Parliament proposed a visa exemption for nationals of Ecuador.
- – In 2023, EU and Fijian officials met to discuss potential visa-free travel for nationals of Fiji to the Schengen Area.
- – In July 2023, Guyanese President Irfaan Ali stated that at least five EU countries had agreed to sponsor a proposal for a visa exemption for nationals of Guyana.
- – In 2020, Indonesian Minister of Law and Human Rights Yasonna Laoly met with ambassadors from 20 EU member states to discuss a reciprocal visa-free scheme.
- – In October 2024, officials of the EU and Kazakhstan expressed their readiness to begin negotiations for a visa facilitation agreement.
- – In December 2022, Maldivian Foreign Minister Abdulla Shahid discussed with EU diplomats the possibility of securing a visa waiver for Maldivian nationals wishing to enter the Schengen Area.
- – In 2014, the EU approved a visa waiver for nationals of several countries, including Nauru, contingent on a reciprocal agreement to be signed with each country. All of these countries, except Nauru, concluded such agreements by 2016.
- – In 2014, the EU suspended talks for visa-free travel with Russia as a result of the War in Donbas. In 2019, German officials suggested a visa-free regime for young Russians. In 2022, the EU fully suspended its visa facilitation agreement with Russia as a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
- – In 2024, Thai Prime Minister Srettha Thavisin met with French President Emmanuel Macron and gained his support for a visa-free agreement with the EU.
- – In 2023, EU and Turkish officials met to discuss progress in the conditions for visa liberalisation.
Entry/Exit System
Implementation of EES began on 12 October 2025 and was expected to be completed by 10 April 2026.
Registered Traveller Programme
In 2013, the EU announced plans to establish a Registered Traveller Programme that would allow pre-screened travellers easier access. The introduction of the EES was stated as a necessary precondition to the establishment of a RTP.ETIAS
The European Travel Information and Authorisation System is a planned electronic authorisation system for visa-exempt visitors from current Annex II countries to travel to the Schengen Area and to other EU member states, except Ireland, which remains in the Common Travel Area with the United Kingdom and other British Islands.The implementation of ETIAS has been postponed several times., it was expected to become operational in the fourth quarter of 2026, with a 6-month grace period to allow travellers and staff to become familiar with the new system. Prospective visitors will need to complete an online application and a €20 fee must be paid by those aged 18 to 70. ETIAS is expected to process the vast majority of applications automatically by searching in electronic databases and then provide an immediate response but, in some limited cases, it may take up to 30 days.
Single online visa application platform
The European Commission is planning to introduce a single online visa application platform at the EU level, replacing the separate national platforms. The platform will be built by eu-LISA, based on a system that was successfully piloted in some embassies in 2020-2022. It is scheduled to be introduced by January 2026, with wide adoption by 2028. A transition period for all member states to migrate to the single platform is scheduled to be up to 7 years after the platform starts.The proposal was approved by the European Parliament Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs in February 2023 by a margin of 34–5. A formal regulation was adopted and published in the Official Journal of the European Union on 7 December 2023.
Reciprocity
The EU requires that all Annex II countries and territories provide visa-free access for 90 days or longer to nationals of all Schengen states and other EU countries implementing the common visa rules. If an Annex II country is found to not provide full reciprocity, the EU may decide to suspend the visa exemption for certain categories or later all nationals of that country.Since the adoption of this policy, full reciprocity has been achieved with all Annex II countries except the United States, which, as of 2026, requires visas from nationals of Bulgaria, Cyprus and Romania. In November 2014, the Bulgarian government announced that it would not ratify the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership unless the United States lifted visa requirements for its nationals. Since the United States failed to lift the requirements, on 3 March 2017 the European Parliament approved a non-binding resolution calling on the European Commission to revoke the visa-free travel for US nationals to the Schengen Area.
Some Annex II countries and territories also impose minor restrictions on nationals of certain or all EU/Schengen states that are not considered a breach of reciprocity by the EU. Australia, Canada, Israel, New Zealand, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Seychelles, South Korea, the United Kingdom and the United States require an electronic authorisation before travel, similar to the EU's own planned ETIAS. As of 2025, approval rates for the Australian electronic authorisation eVisitor are lower than 90% for nationals of Croatia, Lithuania and Romania. Canada requires a visa from nationals of Romania with non-electronic passports. Israel requires nationals of Germany born before 1928 to apply for a visa, which is issued free of charge if they were not involved with the Nazi Party. Montserrat requires an electronic visa from nationals of Croatia.
Stays exceeding 90 days
In general, third-country nationals staying more than 90 days in the Schengen Area as a whole or in Cyprus require either a long-stay visa for less than a year or a residence permit for longer periods.Although long-stay visas issued by these countries have a uniform design, the procedures and conditions for issuing them are usually determined by each individual country. For example, some Schengen countries require applications for long-stay visas to be made in the applicant's home country, while other Schengen countries permit them after arrival. Some procedures may vary depending on the applicant's country as well. In some situations, such as for study, the procedures and conditions for long-stay visas have been harmonised among all issuing states. Each country is also free to establish its own conditions for residence permits.
Third-country nationals who are long-term residents of an EU or Schengen state may also acquire the right to move to and settle in another of these states without losing their legal status and social benefits. The Van Der Elst visa rule allows third-country nationals employed in the EU single market to work temporarily in another EU single market country for the same employer under certain conditions.
Bilateral visa waivers
Some third-country nationals are permitted to stay in the Schengen Area for more than 90 days without the need to apply for a long-stay visa. For example, France does not require nationals of the European microstates to apply for a long-stay visa.Nationals of some 'Annex II' countries that had entered into visa waiver agreements with individual Schengen states before they implemented the Schengen agreement are permitted to stay for an additional period of time, above and beyond the typical maximum stay limit of 90 days within 180 days imposed on visa-free 'Annex II' nationals. In such instances, the period of additional stay depends on the specific visa waiver agreement, and only applies if the 'Annex II' national has used up their maximum stay limit as provided for under the Schengen Area.
| Legacy visa waiver agreements for Annex II nationals |
| Australian and New Zealand citizens enjoy a more liberal visa policy, with both governments having signed bilateral visa agreements with individual Schengen countries. Australian citizens can spend up to 90 days in each of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden without reference to time spent in other Schengen signatory states. New Zealand citizens can spend up to 90 days in each of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland without reference to time spent in other Schengen signatory states, but if travelling to other Schengen countries the 90 days in any 180-day period time limit applies. Other passport holders mentioned below also enjoy extended visa-free stays in certain countries, above the framework of the Schengen visa exemption of 90 days in any 180-day period: Argentine, Chilean, Costa Rican, Israeli, Malaysian, South Korean and Uruguayan nationals are permitted to spend an extra 3 months per 6-month period visa-free in the Czech Republic, regardless of time spent in other Schengen countries. Separately, Singaporean nationals are permitted to spend an additional 30 days visa-free in the Czech Republic. Further, the old method of calculating the length of the visa-free stay still applies to nationals of Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama and Paraguay in the Czech Republic. Canadian, Chilean, Israeli, Japanese, Malaysian, Singaporean, South Korean and United States nationals are permitted to spend an extra period of 3 months visa-free in Denmark. Argentine, Costa Rican, Israeli, Japanese, Panamanian, South Korean, United States and Uruguayan nationals are permitted to spend an extra 90 days visa-free in Latvia. Argentine, Australian, Brazilian, Bruneian, Canadian, Chilean, Costa Rican, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduran, Israeli, Japanese, Malaysian, Mexican, Nicaraguan, Panamanian, Paraguayan, Singaporean, South Korean, United States, Uruguayan and Venezuelan nationals are permitted to spend an extra period of 3 months visa-free in Norway. Argentine, Chilean, Costa Rican, Honduran, Israeli, Japanese, Malaysian, Mexican, Nicaraguan, Panamanian, Singaporean, South Korean, United States and Uruguayan nationals are permitted to spend an extra period of 3 months visa-free in Poland. |
Means of subsistence
In addition to general requirements, Schengen states also set entry conditions for foreign nationals of countries outside the EU single market called the "reference amounts required for the crossing of the external border fixed by national authorities" regarding means of subsistence during their stay.Visa policies of Ireland and overseas territories
has an independent visa policy. It grants visa-free entry to all Schengen Annex II nationalities, except for Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Colombia, Dominica, Georgia, Honduras, Kosovo, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Palau, Peru, Serbia, Timor-Leste, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. It also grants visa-free entry to some additional countries Belize, Fiji, Guyana, and Maldives. Visas for Ireland and for the Schengen Area are not valid for each other. Ireland is part of the Common Travel Area and maintains freedom of movement with the United Kingdom in addition to with EU and Schengen countries.The British overseas territory of Akrotiri and Dhekelia has open borders with Cyprus and follows the visa policy of the Schengen Area, but requires permits for stays longer than 28 days per 12-month period. These rules were not affected by Brexit.
Overseas France and the Caribbean part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands have individual visa policies that are mostly aligned with the Schengen Area, with some exceptions and additions.
The Faroe Islands and Greenland have the same list of nationalities exempt from visas as the Schengen Area, and arrivals from the Schengen Area are not subject to border checks. However, Schengen visas are not valid there, so nationalities that are not exempt need separate visas for these territories. These regulations are due to a special agreement under the Nordic Passport Union.
Svalbard is an entirely visa-free zone. Travellers to and from Svalbard must present a passport or national ID card. Travellers who need a visa for the Schengen Area must have such visa if they travel to Svalbard via mainland Norway, and this must be a double-entry visa if they also return from Svalbard via mainland Norway.
Visa policies of candidate and applicant states
are obliged to adopt the EU's visa policy no later than three months before they formally join the Union. Schengen countries give visa-free access to nationals of all EU candidate and applicant states except Turkey. Candidate states Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Moldova, Montenegro and North Macedonia, and applicant state Kosovo maintain similar visa policies as the Schengen Area, with some notable exceptions regarding countries that were added to the Schengen Annex II more recently and additional nationalities not listed in Annex II. Candidate states Georgia, Serbia, Turkey and Ukraine require visas from some nationalities that have always been in Annex II and also maintain visa exemptions for some additional nationalities not in Annex II. Turkey also requires electronic visas from nationals of EU member state Cyprus.Validity for other countries
Schengen visas that are valid for further travel are accepted as substitute visas for national visas in several other countries.| Validity of Schengen visas for other countries |
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