Dike swarm
Image:WestSpanishPeakCO.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|Magmatic dikes radiating from West Spanish Peak, Colorado, US
Image:Mackenzie dike swarm.png|thumb|Map of the Mackenzie dike swarm in Canada
Image:Matachewan and Mistassini dike swarms.png|thumb|right|Map of the Matachewan and Mistassini dike swarms in Canada
A dike swarm or dyke swarm is a large geological structure consisting of a major group of parallel, linear, or radially oriented magmatic dikes intruded within continental crust or central volcanoes in rift zones. Examples exist in Iceland and near other large volcanoes, around the world. A swarm consists of several to hundreds of dikes emplaced more or less contemporaneously during a single intrusive event, are magmatic and stratigraphic, and may form a large igneous province.
Sedimentary clastic dike swarms also exist on Earth; for example in Chile.
Magmatic dike swarms have also been found on Venus and Mars.
Description
Dike swarms may extend over in width and length. The largest dike swarm known on Earth is the Mackenzie dike swarm in the western half of the Canadian Shield in Canada, which is more than wide and long.About 25 giant dike swarms are known on Earth. The primary geometry of most giant dike swarms is poorly known due to their old age and subsequent tectonic activity.
The occurrence of mafic dike swarms in Archean and Paleoproterozoic terrains is often cited as evidence for mantle plume activity associated with abnormally high mantle potential temperatures.
Examples
Africa
- Cape Peninsula dyke swarm
- Okavango Dyke Swarm
- Dolerite dikes in Guéra Massif
Antarctica
Asia
Australia
Europe
- Barents Sea dike swarm
- Egersund dike swarm
- Kattsund-Koster dyke swarm
- Kildonan dyke swarm
- Kirov dike swarm
- Mull and Skye dyke swarms, Scotland
- Orano dike swarm
- Satakunta dike swarms, Finland
- Sayda-Bergiesshuebel dike swarm
- Scourie dyke swarm
- Uralian dike swarm, Russia
North America
Canada
- Bella Bella and Gale Passage dike swarms
- Franklin dike swarm
- Grenville dike swarm
- Mackenzie dike swarm
- Marathon dike swarm
- Matachewan dike swarm
- Mistassini dike swarm
- Sudbury dike swarm
- Long Range dikes
Greenland
United States
- Chief Joseph dike swarm
- Kennedy dike swarm
- Magdalena radial dike swarm
- San Rafael Swell dike swarm
- Spanish Peaks Dike Swarm, southern Colorado
- Warm Springs Mountain dike swarm
- Independence dike swarm
South America
- Dyke swarms associated with the Paraná and Etendeka traps
- *Cuaró dyke swarm, Uruguay
- *Eastern Paraguay dyke swarm
- Ocros dyke swarm, Peru
- Uruguayan dyke swarms
- *Florida dyke swarm
- *Nico Perez dyke swarm
- *Treinta y Tres dyke swarm
- Dyke swarms of Tandil and Azul
- Rio Ceará-Mirim dyke swarm