2022 Johor state election
The 2022 Johor state election, formally the 15th Johor general election, took place on 12 March 2022. The election was to elect 56 members of the 15th Johor State Legislative Assembly. The previous assembly was dissolved on 22 January 2022.
The state election was conducted in the midst of the 2020-22 Malaysian political crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. The state election is notable for being the first elections to have UNDI18 voters, where 18-year-olds were allowed to vote.
The snap election was called prematurely after the government led by Menteri Besar Hasni Mohammad had lost a simple majority in the legislature, being left with a minority government of just 28 seats, above one seat against the 27 seats of the opposition following the death of Kempas assemblyman and former Menteri Besar Osman Sapian on 21 December 2021 before the dissolution. The Sultan of Johor, Sultan Ibrahim Ismail consented to the dissolution of the Johor State Legislative Assembly on 22 January 2022.
The state election is the fourth election after the 2018 general election, resulting in the most non-simultaneous elections between federal and state elections in a single 5-year term of parliament in the nation's history. The state election is also the third election after Ismail Sabri Yaakob took over as Prime Minister in August 2021. The state election would also be the first in which 18-20 year olds are eligible to vote after the gazettement of the constitutional amendment on 15 December 2021.
Barisan Nasional continued its landslide winning streak in recent state elections, winning 40 seats and a two-thirds majority. Pakatan Harapan suffered heavy losses, winning only 12 seats. Perikatan Nasional won just 3 seats. The Malaysian United Democratic Alliance won 1 seat in its election debut.
Election cycles
Johor became the fourth state in Malaysia to not hold its state elections simultaneously with national elections, after Sarawak, Sabah, and Malacca.Kelantan held its state election in March 1978 following a [1977 Kelantan State Legislative Assembly|Kelantan Emergency|political crisis] the previous year, but national elections were held only 4 months later. Since then election cycles in Kelantan have synchronized with national elections.
Electoral system
Elections in Malaysia are conducted at the federal and state levels. Federal elections elect members of the Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of Parliament, while state elections in each of the 13 states elect members of their respective state legislative assembly. As Malaysia follows the Westminster system of government, the head of government is the person who commands the confidence of the majority of members in the respective legislature – this is normally the leader of the party or coalition with the majority of seats in the legislature.The Legislative Assembly consists of 56 members, known as Members of the Legislative Assembly, that are elected for five-year terms. Each MLA is elected from a single-member constituencies using the first-past-the-post voting system; each constituency contains approximately an equal number of voters. If one party obtains a majority of seats, then that party is entitled to form the government, with its leader becoming the Chief Minister. In the event of a hung parliament, where no single party obtains the majority of seats, the government may still form through a coalition or a confidence and supply agreement with other parties. In practice, coalitions and alliances in Malaysia, and by extension, in Johor, generally persist between elections, and member parties do not normally contest for the same seats.
Results
By parliamentary constituency
Barisan Nasional won 20 of 26 parliamentary constituency by average percentages.| No. | Constituency | Barisan Nasional | Pakatan Harapan | Perikatan Nasional | Member of Parliament |
| P140 | Segamat | 47.29% | 31.84% | 20.26% | |
| P141 | Sekijang | 45.73% | 29.18% | 23.78% | Natrah Ismail |
| P142 | Labis | 48.11% | 27.85% | 21.90% | Pang Hok Liong |
| ' | ' | 36.59% | 19.30% | 37.66% | |
| P144 | Ledang | 40.95% | 36.49% | 26.10% | Syed Ibrahim Syed Noh |
| P145 | Bakri | 29.01% | 47.02% | 23.99% | Yeo Bee Yin |
| P146 | Muar | 36.73% | 25.34% | 34.47% | |
| P147 | Parit Sulong | 52.72% | 25.97% | 31.06% | Noraini Ahmad |
| P148 | Ayer Hitam | 57.29% | 23.09% | 18.99% | Wee Ka Siong |
| P149 | Sri Gading | 44.06% | 35.15% | 26.50% | |
| P150 | Batu Pahat | 39.44% | 31.10% | 26.22% | |
| P151 | Simpang Renggam | 55.82% | 26.22% | 16.17% | Maszlee Malik |
| P152 | Kluang | 37.36% | 45.25% | 16.63% | Wong Shu Qi |
| P153 | Sembrong | 58.87% | 23.22% | 16.47% | Hishammuddin Hussein |
| ' | ' | 42.28% | 7.36% | 49.13% | |
| P155 | Tenggara | 57.75% | 7.00% | 29.27% | Adham Baba |
| P156 | Kota Tinggi | 62.04% | 4.38% | 32.06% | Halimah Mohamed Sadique |
| P157 | Pengerang | 66.82% | 4.59% | 26.65% | Azalina Othman Said |
| P158 | Tebrau | 35.22% | 32.73% | 24.11% | |
| P159 | Pasir Gudang | 39.80% | 33.82% | 22.65% | Hassan Abdul Karim |
| P160 | Johor Bahru | 38.16% | 37.24% | 19.54% | Akmal Nasrullah Mohd Nasir |
| P161 | Pulai | 35.58% | 33.43% | 22.46% | Salahuddin Ayub |
| P162 | Iskandar Puteri | 32.41% | 45.81% | 24.95% | Lim Kit Siang |
| P163 | Kulai | 39.41% | 40.08% | 17.70% | Teo Nie Ching |
| P164 | Pontian | 56.57% | 15.81% | 26.55% | Ahmad Maslan |
| P165 | Tanjung Piai | 55.95% | 22.96% | 15.32% | Wee Jeck Seng |
Departing incumbents
The following members of the 14th State Legislative Assembly will not renew their term.| No. | State constituencies | Names | Political parties | Date confirmed | First elected | Reasons |
| N11 | Serom | Faizul Amri Adnan | PH | 22 July 2020 | 2018 | Not seeking re-election |
| N47 | Kempas | Osman Sapian | ' | 21 December 2021 | 1999 | Died in office |
| N19 | Yong Peng | Chew Peck Choo | PH | 20 January 2022 | 2013 | Not seeking re-election |
| N41 | Puteri Wangsa | Mazlan Bujang | ' | 20 January 2022 | 2018 | Not seeking re-election |
| N02 | Jementah | Tan Chen Choon | PH | 24 January 2022 | 2013 | Not seeking re-election |
| N09 | Gambir | Muhyiddin Yassin | ' | 25 January 2022 | 2018 | Not seeking re-election |
| N44 | Larkin | Mohammad Izhar Ahmad | ' | 29 January 2022 | 2018 | Not seeking re-election |
| N48 | Skudai | Tan Hong Pin | PH | 9 February 2022 | 2013 | Not nominated by the party |
| N51 | Bukit Batu | Jimmy Puah Wee Tse | PH | 14 February 2022 | 2013 | Not nominated by the party |
| N06 | Bekok | Ramakrishnan Suppiah | PH | 19 February 2022 | 2018 | Not nominated by the party |
| N46 | Perling | Cheo Yee How | PH | 19 February 2022 | 2018 | Not nominated by the party |
| N29 | Mahkota | Muhammad Said Jonit | PH | 19 February 2022 | 2018 | Not nominated by the party |
| N16 | Sungai Balang | Zaiton Ismail | BN | 24 February 2022 | 2013 | Not nominated by the party |
| N25 | Rengit | Ayub Jamil | BN | 24 February 2022 | 2004 | Not nominated by the party |
| N26 | Machap | Abd. Taib Abu Bakar | BN | 24 February 2022 | 2013 | Not nominated by the party |
| N56 | Kukup | Md Othman Yusof | BN | 24 February 2022 | 2018 | Not nominated by the party |
| N36 | Sedili | Rasman Ithnain | ' | 24 February 2022 | 2008 | Not nominated by the party |
| N37 | Johor Lama | Rosleli Jahari | ' | 24 February 2022 | 2018 | Not nominated by the party |
| N43 | Permas | Che Zakaria Mohd. Salleh | 24 February 2022 | 2018 | Not nominated by the party | |
| N39 | Tanjung Surat | Syed Sis Abdul Rahman | BN | 26 February 2022 | 2013 | Not nominated by the party |
Controversies and issues
On 27 February 2022, Health Minister Khairy Jamaluddin said he will review a video depicting former prime minister Najib Razak purportedly violating Covid-19 standard operating procedure during a campaign visit in Perling.On 10 March 2022, Khairy revealed that his ministry had issued 42 compound notices for the violation of SOPs during the campaign period for the Johor election, including five to Najib.
Aftermath
Onn Hafiz Ghazi, elected MLA for Machap, were sworn in as the new Menteri Besar of Johor on 15 March, replacing Hasni. The EXCO members were sworn in on 26 March.Even though the results of the Malaysian general election in November 2022 saw the historic formation of federal government consisting of the alliance between Pakatan Harapan and Barisan Nasional, the status quo is not changed for the government in Johor. As of January 2023, PH is still an opposition party in the state assembly, although according to Johor PH chairman, the relationship between PH and BN is 'good'.
The elected MLA for Simpang Jeram, Salahuddin Ayub died on 23 July 2023, necessitating the 2023 Simpang Jeram by-election for the state seat. The by-election saw the first collaboration between BN and PH at Johor state level, as BN acceded to PH to put its candidate there, as well as campaigning together. Both seats were retained by PH in the by-election.
After MUDA's president Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman announced his party's support withdrawal of the unity government at federal level on 10 September 2023 in protest of UMNO and BN president Zahid Hamidi recent discharge not amounting to an acquittal of his 47 court cases, the sole MUDA representative at Johor assembly, Puteri Wangsa's MLA Amira Aisya Abdul Aziz announced the day after that she also withdraws from the state government coalition and will be in the opposition bloc, though not in coalition with PN.