2021 Malacca state election


The 2021 Malacca state election, formally the 15th Malacca state election, took place on 20 November 2021. This election was to elect 28 members of the 15th Malacca State Legislative Assembly. The previous assembly was dissolved on 4 October 2021.
The snap election of the state was called prematurely following a political crisis. It came after four members of the assembly who had previously supported incumbent Chief Minister Sulaiman Md Ali announced the loss of confidence and withdrawal of their support for him on 4 October 2021. They are former Chief Minister, Member of the State Executive Council, Sungai Udang MLA Idris Haron and Pantai Kundor MLA Nor Azman Hassan from BN, independent EXCO member, Pengkalan Batu MLA Norhizam Hassan Baktee as well as EXCO member, Telok Mas MLA Noor Effandi Ahmad from PN.
Malacca became the fourth state in Malaysia that did not hold a state election simultaneously with the general election after Sabah, Sarawak, and Kelantan. This is also the first election following Ismail Sabri Yaakob's appointment as Prime Minister on 21 August 2021 and also the first state election held in the Malay Peninsula since the fall of the Pakatan Harapan state and federal governments in 2020.
This election was unique because it featured two major coalition parties in the government, namely Barisan Nasional and Perikatan Nasional, competing against each other. BN, through UMNO, had announced that it would not cooperate with Perikatan Nasional, led by Parti Peribumi Bersatu Malaysia. Such competition between former coalition partners had previously only occurred in East Malaysia.
Barisan Nasional won a landslide victory in the state election, winning 21 seats in the legislature and a two-thirds majority. Pakatan Harapan suffered a major defeat, winning just 5 seats, with the People's Justice Party losing all its contested seats. Perikatan Nasional won 2 seats.

Electoral system

Elections in Malaysia are conducted at the federal and state levels. Federal elections elect members of the Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of Parliament, while state elections in each of the 13 states elect members of their respective state legislative assembly. As Malaysia follows the Westminster system of government, the head of government is the person who commands the confidence of the majority of members in the respective legislature – this is normally the leader of the party or coalition with the majority of seats in the legislature.
The Legislative Assembly consists of 28 members, known as Members of the Legislative Assembly, that are elected for five-year terms. Each MLA is elected from a single-member constituencies using the first-past-the-post voting system; each constituency contains approximately an equal number of voters. If one party obtains a majority of seats, then that party is entitled to form the government, with its leader becoming the Chief Minister. In the event of a hung parliament, where no single party obtains the majority of seats, the government may still form through a coalition or a confidence and supply agreement with other parties. In practice, coalitions and alliances in Malaysia, and by extension, in Malacca, generally persist between elections, and member parties do not normally contest for the same seats.

Retiring incumbent

The following members of the 14th State Legislative Assembly retired.
No.Federal ConstituencyDeparting MLAPartyDate confirmedFirst electedReason
N02Tanjung BidaraMd Rawi MahmudBN 10 October 20212013Not seeking re-election
N01Kuala LinggiIsmail OthmanBN 4 November 20212008No nomination by the party
N03Ayer LimauAmiruddin YusopBN 4 November 20212008No nomination by the party
N05Taboh NaningLatipah OmarBN 4 November 20212008No nomination by the party
N10AsahanAbdul Ghafar AtanBN 4 November 20212004No nomination by the party
N25RimGhazale MuhamadBN 4 November 20212008No nomination by the party
N27MerlimauRoslan AhmadBN 4 November 20212011No nomination by the party
N28Sungai RambaiHasan Abd RahmanBN 4 November 20212008No nomination by the party
N24BembanWong Fort PinPH 5 November 20212018No nomination by the party
N08Machap JayaGinie Lim Siew LinPH 6 November 20212018No nomination by the party
N23Telok MasNoor Effandi AhmadIND8 November 20212018Not seeking re-election

Electoral candidates

Note: 1Independent candidates form 'Gagasan Bebas' informal Independent bloc and contested using the various symbols.

Results

By parliamentary constituency

Barisan Nasional won 4 of 6 parliamentary constituency, including Masjid Tanah and Alor Gajah, which is held by Perikatan Nasional and Tangga Batu, which is held by Pakatan Harapan.
No.ConstituencyBarisan NasionalPakatan HarapanPerikatan NasionalMember of Parliament
P134Masjid Tanah54.65%15.43%29.79%
P135Alor Gajah45.29%32.10%20.63%-
P135Alor Gajah45.29%32.10%20.63%
P136Tangga Batu39.62%27.26%31.91%Rusnah Aluai
P137Hang Tuah Jaya36.56%39.00%21.42%Shamsul Iskandar Md. Akin
P138Kota Melaka25.10%58.48%15.40%Khoo Poay Tiong
P139Jasin45.40%20.96%32.17%Ahmad Hamzah
P139Jasin----

Aftermath

Sulaiman were sworn in as Chief Minister of Malacca for the second time, on the morning of 21 November, a day after the election. He holds the role until 30 March 2023, when he tendered his resignation letter to the Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Malacca. He was replaced by Ab Rauf Yusoh, MLA for Tanjung Bidara and the UMNO state leader of Malacca, who was sworn in on 31 March 2023. Six days after Ab Rauf's appointment, a minor EXCO reshuffle took place on 5 April, where 2 EXCO members were dropped and 3 EXCO members were added, including one Pakatan Harapan MLA, in a swearing in ceremony. The new EXCO lineup is to reflect the government pact between PH and BN after the general election in November 2022. In response to Rauf's appointment, Muhammad Jailani Khamis, one of the EXCO members dropped in the reshuffle announced his withdrawal of support to the Rauf-led state government, although he is not resigning from UMNO and requested to the party's disciplinary board to decide on his status. He later were suspended of his UMNO membership by the party's disciplinary board for 6 years after spotted attending PN's by-election campaign in Simpang Jeram and Pulai. This made Jailani quit the party and joined PAS in June 2023, but were only announced by PAS secretary general one year later in July 2024.