1101

Events

Crusade of 1101 - A second wave of European crusaders attempts to cross Anatolia, to reach the Kingdom of Jerusalem. They are defeated by the Seljuk troops under Sultan Kilij Arslan I, at Heraclea. A handful of crusaders under Raymond IV manage to reach the Byzantine port of Bafra, at the mouth of the River Halys.
Summer - The Byzantine fleet under Admiral Eustathios recaptures the ports of western Cilicia, Seleucia and Corycus. Eustathios extends his power over Cilician territory further east – occupying Tarsus, Adana and Mamistra.

Spring - King Baldwin I concludes an alliance with the Genoese fleet, offering them commercial privileges and booty. He captures the towns of Arsuf and Caesarea. Baldwin's crusaders pillage Caesarea and massacre the majority of the local population.
September 7 - Battle of [Ramla (1101)|Battle of Ramla]: A Crusader force under Baldwin I defeats the invading Fatimids at Ramla. Baldwin plunders the Fatimid camp and the survivors flee to Ascalon.

June 22 - Roger I, count of Sicily, dies at Mileto in Calabria after a 30-year reign. He is succeeded by his 8-year-old son Simon of Hauteville, while his mother, Adelaide del Vasto, acts as his regent.
Summer - Almoravid forces under Sultan Yusuf ibn Tashfin besiege Valencia, which is defended by Jimena Díaz, widow of Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar. The city holds out until May 1102.
Autumn - Countess Mathilda of Tuscany leads a successful expedition in northern Italy and takes Ferrara.
The county of Berg in Germany is established.

February 3 - Ranulf Flambard, bishop of Durham, escapes from the Tower of London and flees to Normandy. There he joins Robert Curthose, duke of Normandy, who has just returned from the Crusades.
July 20 - Robert Curthose lands at Portsmouth with an army in an effort to take the English throne from his younger brother, Henry I.
August 2 - By the Treaty of Alton, ratified at Winchester, Robert abandons his claim to the throne, recognising Henry as King of England.

Spring - Antipope Theodoric dies, the partisans of Emperor Henry IV, [Holy Roman Emperor|Henry IV] choose Adalbert as the new antipope.
April 19 - King Canute IV of Denmark is canonized as a saint under the name San Canuto.
Fontevraud Abbey is founded by the French preacher Robert of Arbrissel.