Yevgeny Avrorin


Yevgeny Nikolayevich Avrorin,, was a Russian physicist whose career was spent in the former Soviet program of nuclear weapons.

Biography

Avrorin was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union, on 11 July 1932. In 1949, he went to study physics at the Leningrad University and later the University of Kharkiv in Ukraine. In 1952, his family return to Moscow and he went to attend the Moscow State University, and graduate with specialist degree in physics in 1954–55. In 1956, he began preparing his thesis based on RDS-37 studies and was awarded the Doktor Nauk on 7 March 1974.
Avrorin was directed to KB-11, now called All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Physics ) in the closed city of Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod region. There he worked on the Soviet hydrogen bomb programme. In 1955, he joined the new NII-1011 at another closed city, Snezhinsk. In 1956 and 1957, he performed unique experiments to find out why the RDS-37 exploded fractionally before modelled expectations, a result which implied a lack of knowledge of materials and conditions. During remainder of his career there, he became Head of the Theoretical Physics Department in 1964, the Head of Theoretical Physics Division in 1974 and the Scientific Director in 1985, a role he retained until 2007. From 1996 to 1998, he was also the overall Director.
In addition to his work on many nuclear weapons, he was also known for investigating nuclear explosives for civilian usage, device designs with very low radiation output and deuterium power engineering. He wrote about the modern challenges to the closed cities whose industries are no longer required since the dissolution of the Soviet Union. He became the chair of the Snezhinsk branch of the Russian Pugwash committee and was involved in international discussions about science diplomacy and confidence-building for international security.
He died after a long illness.

Awards