List of trees of Canada
This list compiles many of the common large shrubs and trees found in Canada. The Canadian flora is depauperate because of the near total glaciation event in the Pleistocene. Due to the vast area of Canada, a tree that is common in one area may be completely absent in another. In particular, many warm-temperate trees can only be grown on the mild pacific coast.
See also provincial tree emblems of Canada for the official trees of the provinces and territories of Canada.
[Pinophyta] (Conifers)
Abies Abies amabilis Abies balsamea Abies bifolia Abies concolor - introducedAbies grandis Abies lasiocarpa Abies magnifica - introducedAbies nordmanniana - introducedAbies pinsapo - introducedAbies procera - introducedAraucariaAraucaria araucana - introduced
Cedrus Cedrus atlantica - introducedCedrus deodara - introducedCedrus libani - introduced
ChamaecyparisChamaecyparis lawsoniana - introducedChamaecyparis obtusa - introducedChamaecyparis pisifera - introduced
CryptomeriaCryptomeria japonica - introduced
CupressusCupressus arizonica - introducedCupressus macrocarpa - introduced
Juniperus Juniperus chinensis - introducedJuniperus communis Juniperus horizontalis Juniperus sabina - introducedJuniperus scopulorum Juniperus virginiana
Larix Larix decidua - introducedLarix gmelinii - introducedLarix kaempferi - introducedLarix laricina Larix lyallii Larix occidentalis Larix sibirica - introduced
MetasequoiaMetasequoia glyptostroboides - introduced
Picea Picea abies - introducedPicea engelmannii Picea glauca Picea mariana Picea omorika - introducedPicea pungens - introducedPicea rubens Picea sitchensis
Pinus Pinus albicaulis Pinus aristata - introducedPinus banksiana Pinus contorta subsp. contorta Shore Pine Pinus contorta subsp. latifolia Lodgepole PinePinus flexilis Pinus monticola Pinus mugo - introducedPinus nigra or Austrian Pine - introducedPinus ponderosa Pinus resinosa Pinus rigida Pinus strobus Pinus sylvestris - introduced
PlatycladusPlatycladus orientalis - introduced
PseudotsugaPseudotsuga menziesii subsp. menziesii Pseudotsuga menziesii subsp. glauca
SciadopitysSciadopitys verticillata - introduced
SequoiaSequoia sempervirens - introduced
SequoiadendronSequoiadendron giganteum - introduced
Taxodium Taxodium distichum - introduced
Taxus Taxus baccata - introducedTaxus brevifolia Taxus canadensis Taxus cuspidata - introduced
Thuja Thuja occidentalis Thuja plicata
Tsuga Tsuga canadensis Tsuga heterophylla Tsuga mertensiana
Xanthocyparis
[Ginkgophyta] (Ginkgos)
GinkgoGinkgo biloba - introduced[Magnoliophyta] (Broadleaves)
Acer Acer circinatum Acer × freemanii Acer ginnala - introducedAcer glabrum Acer macrophyllum Acer negundo Acer nigrum Acer palmatum - introducedAcer pensylvanicum Acer platanoides - introducedAcer pseudoplatanus - introducedAcer rubrum Acer saccharinum Acer saccharum Acer spicatumAesculus Aesculus × carnea - introducedAesculus glabra Aesculus hippocastanum - introduced
AilanthusAilanthus altissima - introduced
Alnus Alnus glutinosa - introducedAlnus incana Alnus rubra Alnus serrulata Alnus viridis
Amelanchier Amelanchier alnifolia Amelanchier arborea Amelanchier bartramiana Amelanchier florida Amelanchier laevis Amelanchier sanguinea
AraliaAralia elata - introduced
ArbutusArbutus menziesii
AsiminaAsimina triloba
Betula Betula alleghaniensis Betula cordifolia Betula kenaica Betula lenta Betula neoalaskana Betula occidentalis Betula papyrifera Betula pendula - introducedBetula populifolia
CaraganaCaragana arborescens - introduced
Carpinus Carpinus betulus - introducedCarpinus caroliniana
Carya Carya cordiformis Carya glabra Carya laciniosa Carya ovata
Castanea Castanea dentata Castanea mollissima - introduced
Catalpa Catalpa bignonioides - introducedCatalpa ovata - introducedCatalpa speciosa - introduced
Celtis Celtis occidentalis Celtis tenuifolia
CephalanthusCephalanthus occidentalis )
CercidiphyllumCercidiphyllum japonicum - introduced
CercisCercis canadensis
CladrastisCladrastis kentukea - introduced
Cornus Cornus alternifolia Cornus florida Cornus kousa - introducedCornus mas - introducedCornus nuttallii
Corylus Corylus americana Corylus avellana - introducedCorylus colurna - introducedCorylus cornuta Corylus maxima - introduced
CotinusCotinus coggygria - introduced
Crataegus - too many species to list.
ElaeagnusElaeagnus angustifolia - introducedElaeagnus commutata
Euonymus Euonymus alatus - introducedEuonymus atropurpureus euonymusEuonymus europaeus - introducedEuonymus fortunei - introduced
Fagus Fagus grandifolia Fagus sylvatica - introduced
Fraxinus Fraxinus americana Fraxinus excelsior - introducedFraxinus latifolia Fraxinus nigra Fraxinus pennsylvanica Fraxinus profunda Fraxinus quadrangulata
GleditsiaGleditsia triacanthos
GymnocladusGymnocladus dioicus
HamamelisHamamelis virginiana
HippophaeHippophae rhamnoides - introduced
Ilex Ilex aquifolium - introducedIlex mucronata Ilex opaca - introducedIlex verticillata
Juglans Juglans cinerea Juglans nigra Juglans regia - introduced
LaburnumLaburnum anagyroides - introduced
LiquidambarLiquidambar styraciflua - introduced
LiriodendronLiriodendron tulipifera
MacluraMaclura pomifera - introduced
Magnolia Magnolia acuminata Magnolia × soulangeana - introduced
Malus Malus baccata - introducedMalus coronaria Malus fusca Malus sylvestris - introduced
Morus Morus alba - introducedMorus rubra
MyricaMyrica californica
Nemopanthus – see Ilex
Nyssa Nyssa sylvatica
OstryaOstrya virginiana
PhellodendronPhellodendron amurense - introduced
Platanus Platanus × hispanica - introducedPlatanus occidentalis
Populus Populus × acuminata Populus alba - introducedPopulus angustifolia Populus balsamifera Populus × canadensis - introducedPopulus deltoides Populus grandidentata Populus heterophylla Populus × jackii Populus nigra - introducedPopulus simonii - introducedPopulus tremuloides Populus trichocarpa
Prunus Prunus americana Prunus armeniaca - introducedPrunus avium - introducedPrunus cerasus - introducedPrunus emarginata Prunus maackii - introducedPrunus nigra Prunus pensylvanica Prunus serotina Prunus serrulata - introducedPrunus virginiana
PteleaPtelea trifoliata
Pyrus Pyrus communis
Quercus Quercus alba Quercus bicolor Quercus coccinea Quercus ellipsoidalis Quercus garryana Quercus ilicifolia Quercus imbricaria Quercus macrocarpa Quercus montana Quercus muehlenbergii Quercus palustris Quercus prinoides Quercus robur - introducedQuercus rubra Quercus shumardii Quercus velutina
Rhamnus Rhamnus cathartica - introducedRhamnus frangula - introducedRhamnus purshiana
Rhododendron Rhododendron macrophyllum Rhododendron maximum - introducedRhododendron ponticum - introduced
Rhus Rhus copallina Rhus glabra Rhus typhina
RobiniaRobinia pseudoacacia - introduced
SassafrasSassafras albidum
Salix - too many species to list.
Sambucus Sambucus callicarpa Sambucus canadensis Sambucus cerulea Sambucus melanocarpa Sambucus pubens
ShepherdiaShepherdia argentea
Sorbus Sorbus americana Sorbus aucuparia - introducedSorbus decora Sorbus sitchensis
SyringaSyringa vulgaris
Tilia Tilia americana Tilia cordata - introducedTilia tomentosa - introduced
ToxicodendronToxicodendron vernix
Ulmus Ulmus americana Ulmus glabra - introducedUlmus procera - introducedUlmus pumila - introducedUlmus rubra Ulmus thomasii
Viburnum Viburnum edule Viburnum lantana - introducedViburnum lentago Viburnum opulus - introducedViburnum trilobum
Zanthoxylum Zanthoxylum americanum Zanthoxylum clava-herculis
ZelkovaZelkova serrata - introduced