Timeline of Stockholm

Pre-history

• 750–790: The trade centre Birka is established on Lake Mälaren not far from Stockholm.
• c. 975: Birka is abandoned.
• c. 1000: Sigtuna emerges as the city dominating the Lake Mälaren region.
• 1247: Battle of Sparrsätra Birger Magnusson defeats the "true Folkungs".
• 1248: Birger becomes jarl.
• 1250: Birger initiates a "crusade" against the "tavasts".
• 1251: Battle of Herrevadsbro where Birger eliminates the "true Folkungs".

Middle Ages

• 1252: First historical mentioning of Stockholm.
• 1266: Birger dies and is buried at Varnhem's church.
• 1269: First known political confrontation in Stockholm.
• 1270: The Grey Friar's Abbey, Stockholm, is founded.
• 1275: Magnus Ladulås becomes king.
• 1279: Storkyrkan is first mentioned.
• 1280: A political meeting at Adelsö results in the establishment of Swedish nobility.
• 1281: The seal of Stockholm is first mentioned.
• 1285: Magnus decrees he wishes to be buried in Stockholm.
• 1289: In a decree, Magnus grants citizens settling near St. Clare's Priory, Stockholm on Norrmalm the same rights as citizens within the city walls, resulting in the first expansion beyond the central island Stadsholmen.
• 1289: In a letter to the Pope, Stockholm is described as having become "more populous than any other city in our country in a few years".
• 1290: Magnus dies, his son Birger becomes king.
• 1292: Magnus is buried in the Greyfriars church.
• 1293: Under Torkel Knutsson, a crusade is launched aiming at the Vyborg Bay.
• 1336: Foundation of the Black Friars' Monastery of Stockholm
• 1350: The Black Death enters the city
• 1388: The city is given full city rights, as ratified by king Albert of Mecklenburg
• 1389: The rivalry between the Swedish and German population leads to a massacre on the Swedes, the Käpplinge murders, by the German Hättebröder.
• 1392: Forces of the Danish Queen Margaret besieged the city
• 1392: Privateers named Victual Brothers supplied the besieged city with food
• 1419: Stockholm becomes the capital of Sweden
• 1471: The Battle of Brunkeberg is won by Sten Sture the elder, and the Danish are ousted.
• 1483: Printer Johann Snell active.

16th century

• 1520: The Stockholm bloodbath is perpetrated by Christian II of Denmark
• 1521: Gustav Vasa marches into Stockholm.
• 1527-28: The Swedish Reformation close down all convents operating in Stockholm.
• 1558: Danviken Hospital is inaugurated to replace the social care previously managed by the convents.
• 1576: Foundation of the Catholic Collegium Regium Stockholmense attracts controversy.
• 1593: The Collegium regium Stockholmense is closed after a riot.

17th century

• 1602: Norrmalm is made an autonomous city.
• 1611: Gustavus II Adolphus becomes king.
• 1618: The scandal around the infamous brothel of Sara Simonsdotter is exposed.
• 1622: First preserved map of Stockholm dates from this year
• 1625: A devastating fire destroys the south-western part of Stadsholmen. A city plan for the area is produced the following year.
• 1630: Gustavus enters the Thirty Years' War.
• 1632: Gustavus dies at the Battle of Lützen.
• 1633: The orphanage Stora Barnhuset is founded.
• 1632–1644: Regency of Queen Christina led by Axel Oxenstierna.
• 1634: An Instrument of Government establishes the first Office of the Governor of Stockholm.
• 1635: Norrmalm is unified with Stockholm.
• 1636: An important reform renders the management of the city more efficient. Anders Torstensson begins working in Stockholm. The prison Nya Smedjegården is founded.
• 1637: Regulation of Norrmalm begins.
• 1639–40: Parts of Ladugårdslandet is donated to the city.
• 1640: Eastern part of Norrmalm is destroyed by fire. A city plan is quickly set up for the district. The first public theatre, Björngårdsteatern, opens.
• 1642: Regulation begins on Södermalm. A decision is taken to transfer Munklägret to the city.
• 1644: Eastern half of Kungsholmen is donated to the city.
• 1648: Peace of Westphalia grants Sweden considerable territories in the southern Baltic region.
• 1649: Inauguration of the women's work house prison Långholmens spinnhus.
• 1654: Queen Christina abdicates. Charles X of Sweden becomes king.
• 1665: Jean de la Vallée produces a plan for a street stretching from Gustav Adolfs Torg to Hagaparken.
• 1661: Nicodemus Tessin the Elder becomes City Architect.
• 1667: The theaters of Lejonkulan and Bollhuset is inaugurated, initially as court theaters, but soon also open to the public.
• 1682: The theatre Dän Swänska Theatren is founded.
• 1691: The textile factory Barnängens manufaktur, one of the two biggest in the capitol during the following century, is founded.
• 1695: The tapestry manufacture Tapetskolan vid Karlberg is closed.
• 1697: The Royal Castle is destroyed in a fire.
• 1699: The French court theatre La troupe du Roi de Suede is inaugurated.

18th century

• 1710: The Great Northern War plague outbreak reach the city.
• 1719: The city narrowly escapes Russian invasion during the Russian Pillage of 1719–21.
• 1731: The religious dissident group Gråkoltarna is imprisoned.
• * The popular inn Clas på Hörnet is founded.
• 1737: The first national stage, Kungliga svenska skådeplatsen, is founded in the theatre of Bollhuset.
• 1752: The first modern hospital, Serafimerlasarettet, is founded.
• 1753: The Du Londel Troupe inaugurate the French theater at Bollhuset.
• 1754: Stockholm Palace is completed enough to house the royal court.
• * The case celebre of Risbadstugan.
• 1756: The queen's failed Coup of 1756 is suppressed in the streets of the capital.
• 1759: Great Stockholm Fire 1759.
• 1768: December Crisis (1768).
• 1772: Absolute monarchy is reintroduced through the Revolution of 1772.
• 1772: Torture is abolished, and the torture chambers Tjuvakällaren and Rosenkammaren is closed.
• * The Vauxhall pleasure gardens is opened.
• 1773: Foundation of the Royal Swedish Opera and the Royal Swedish Ballet in Bollhuset.
• 1775: Foundation of the first maternity hospital, Allmänna BB.
• 1781: The French Theater of Gustav III is inaugurated.
• 1784: The Stenborg Company inaugurate a permanent theatre, the Stenborg Theatre.
• 1788: Foundation of the Royal Dramatic Theatre.
• 1792: King Gustav III of Sweden is murdered on a masquerade at the Opera.
• 1793: Ebel riot.
• 1798-99: A theater monopoly is introduced which reserve all theater performances within the city walls of Stockholm to the two royal theaters: Royal Swedish Opera and the Royal Dramatic Theatre. This monopoly is in place until 1842.

19th century

• 1801: Foundation of the Djurgårdsteatern.
• 1806: The steam engine is introduced in Stockholm at the Eldkvarn gristmill.
• 1809: The Coup of 1809 is staged in the streets of the capital, deposing the monarch.
• 1810: The Fersen murder riot.
• 1831: Foundation of Wallinska skolan, the first school offering serious education to female pupils.
• 1838: The local city authorities makes an attempt to control prostitution through the sponsorship of two approved brothels, London and Stadt Hamburg: the experiment is however discontinued in 1841.
• * The Rabulist riots.
• 1839: Foundation of Stockholms Lyceum.
• 1842: The theater monopoly is abolished and Mindre teatern is founded.
• 1846: Adolf Eugene von Rosen and Georg Theodor Policron von Chiewitz proposes a regulation of Gamla stan.
• 1847: Åhlinska skolan is founded.
• 1848: The riots March Unrest occur inspired by the Revolutions of 1848.
• 1851: The first Deaconess institution in Sweden, Ersta diakoni, is founded headed by Maria Cederschiöld (deaconess).
• 1852: Sofia Posse takes over the prestigious finishing school Hammarstedtska skolan.
• 1853: 1853 Stockholm cholera outbreak.
• 1854: The women's charity foundation Fruntimmersällskapet för fångars förbättring is founded.
• 1857: A regulation of Gamla stan is proposed by A. E. Schuldheis and discussed in the parliament. Gets rejected two years later.
• 1859: Södra Teatern is established.
• 1860: A.E. Schwabitz and A.E. Rudberg produces a proposal for the regulation of Gamla stan.
• 1861: Högre lärarinneseminariet, the first academic institution open to women, is founded. A decision is taken to construct Strandvägen.
• 1862: Rudberg publishes a minor revision of his proposal. A new administrative reform comes into effect.
• 1863 - 6 March: Rally in support of the Polish January Uprising in the Russian Partition of Poland, attended by a number of Swedish parliamentarians; fundraising for arms for the Polish insurgents.
• 1863–1864: Rudberg and Gillis Bildt develop a city plan for Stockholm. Albert Lindhagen is appointed head of a commission to examine the plan the following year, only to produce a plan of his own in 1866. The plan, published in 1867, results in no actions.
• 1866: General Industrial Exposition of Stockholm (1866).
• 1868: Foundation of the factory Barnängens Tekniska Fabrik.
• 1871: Stockholm Central Station is inaugurated.
• 1874–80: Various plans for different districts are discussed. Three are accepted by the king.
• 1875: Foundation of the Swedish Theatre (Stockholm).
• 1877: Gumaelius advertising agency in business.
• 1878: The famous Eldkvarn fire.
• * Swedish Federation is founded to combat the prostitution regulations.
• 1879: Blanche Theatre is inaugurated.
• 1884: Inauguration of the Sophiahemmet University College.
• 1894: World Allround Speed Skating Championships.
• 1897: General Art and Industrial Exposition of Stockholm (1897)
• * 1897 World Figure Skating Championships

20th century

• 1912: Stockholm hosts the 1912 Summer Olympics.
• 1917: Anti-war socialist Zimmerwald Conference held.
• 1926: Stockholm co-hosts the 1926 World Figure Skating Championships.
• 1927: Albert Lilienberg is appointed "city-planning superintendent". He presents a plan for the regulation of "densely populated districts" the following year.
• 1930: Stockholm Exhibition (1930) held.
• 1932–33: International contest for a city plan for the southern part of Norrmalm.
• 1933: Stockholm co-hosts the 1933 World Figure Skating Championships.
• 1934
• * February: Stockholm co-hosts the 1934 World Figure Skating Championships.
• * October: Stockholm co-hosts the 1934 European Wrestling Championships.
• 1936: Lilienberg's plan is rejected by the Stockholm City Council. Paul Hedqvist presents an alternative plan corresponding to today's reality.
• 1938: Stockholm co-hosts the 1938 World Figure Skating Championships.
• 1945: The principal decision to carry through the Redevelopment of Norrmalm is passed on Yngve Larssons initiative, in order to facilitate the Stockholm Metro and to elongate long-debated Sveavägen down to its present end at Sergels Torg.
• 1946
• * A plan for Norrmalm similar to today's Sergels Torg is presented by Sven Markelius and David Helldén but is ignored by the city council.
• * August: City hosts the 1946 World Archery Championships.
• * October: City hosts the 1946 European Wrestling Championships.
• 1947
• * February: City hosts the 1947 World Figure Skating Championships.
• * Summer: City hosts the 1947 ISSF World Shooting Championships.
• 1951–1952: A new plan is passed and demolition works for the Stockholm Metro begin.
• 1960: Final proposal for Sergels Torg is accepted by the council.
• 1962 and 1967: Revised plans enlarging earlier demolition plans are presented and accepted.
• 1966: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute established.
• 1971: The tree-hugger campaign Almstriden in Kungsträdgården.
• 1973
• * The Norrmalmstorg robbery hostage crisis occurred at Norrmalmstorg, eventually giving birth the term Stockholm syndrome.
• * Polish Institute in Stockholm established.
• 1975: New plan cancels all earlier plans to rebuild central Stockholm.
• 1982: The European Court passes a sentence over the expropriations in connection to the destruction of southern Norrmalm, making Sweden the first Nordic country to be sentenced for offending human rights.
• 1986: Prime minister Olof Palme is assassinated on Sveavägen.
• 1993
• * March: City co-hosts the 1993 World Men's Handball Championship.
• * July: City hosts the 1993 European Baseball Championship.
• 1997: Czech Centre in Stockholm established.

21st century

• 2002: City co-hosts the 2002 European Men's Handball Championship.
• 2003
• * September: Minister for Foreign Affairs Anna Lindh is assassinated at the NK department store.
• * September: City co-hosts the EuroBasket 2003.
• 2006: City co-hosts the 2006 European Women's Handball Championship.
• 2009: Västberga helicopter robbery.
• 2010: Bombings.
• 2015: City hosts the 2015 European Figure Skating Championships.
• 2016: City co-hosts the 2016 European Women's Handball Championship.
• 2017: Terrorist truck attack.
• 2020: City co-hosts the 2020 European Men's Handball Championship.

Historical population