Timeline of Marseille
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Marseille, France.
Prior to 17th century
- 600 BCE - Massalia founded by Phocaean Greeks.
- 49 BCE - Siege of Massilia.
- 1st C. CE - Roman Catholic diocese of Marseille established.
- ca.290 - Martyrdom of Victor of Marseilles an Egyptian Christian martyr.
- 415 - Abbey of St. Victor founded.
- 470 - Town taken by forces of Visigoth Euric.
- 6th C. - Port of Marseille|Port] in operation.
- 839 - Town "sacked by Saracens."
- 1214
- * Town becomes a republic.
- * Notre-Dame de la Garde built.
- 1252 - Town "taken by Charles of Anjou."
- 1262 - Revolt against Angevins.
- 1348 - Bubonic plague outbreak.
- 1365 - Abbey of St. Victor building constructed.
- 1409 - Aix-Marseille University founded.
- 1423 - by the forces of Aragón, led by Alfonso V.
- 1453 - Fortifications constructed.
- 1481 - Marseille united with Provence.
- 1486 - Marseille becomes part of France.
- 1524 - Town besieged by forces of Francis I.
- 1531 - Château d'If built.
- 1542 - Église Saint-Ferréol les Augustins dedicated.
- 1593 - Hotel Dieu founded.
- 1599 - founded.
17th-18th centuries
- 1619 - Église Saint-Cannat dedicated.
- 1640 - Maison du Refuge established.
- 1649 - Plague.
- 1660 - Failed anti-monarchist rebellion and the Siege of Marseille, followed by the Conquest of Marseille, King Louis XIV invades the city.
- 1660 - As part of Louis XIV's conquest, Fort Saint-Jean and Fort Saint-Nicolas are constructed.
- 1672 - Café in business.
- 1673 - Hôtel de Ville built.
- 1685 - The Opéra de Marseille is inaugurated.
- 1702 - Marseille Observatory built.
- 1720-21 - Great Plague of Marseille.
- 1726 - Academy of Science established.
- 1749 - Almshouse built.
- 1770 - City directory published.
- 1778
- * Chateau Borely built.
- * erected.
- 1781 - created.
- 1787 - Grand-Théâtre opens.
- 1789 - April: "Revolutionary commotions" occur.
- 1790
- * Marseille becomes part of the Bouches-du-Rhône souveraineté.
- * Jacobin Club founded.
- 1793 - August: "Marseilles opposes the revolutionary government, and is reduced."
- 1796 - Public library founded.
19th century
1800s–1840s
- 1800 - Population: 96,413.
- 1801
- * Canton of Marseille-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 created.
- * Musée des beaux-arts de Marseille founded.
- 1802 - and Jardin botanique E.M. Heckel established.
- 1803
- * begins.
- * Cabinet of Natural History founded.
- 1808 - 26 February: Birth of Honoré Daumier.
- 1810 - Société de médecine de Marseille established.
- 1811 - Obelisk erected in the Place Castellane.
- 1819 - Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Marseille founded.
- 1820 - Population: 101,217.
- 1827
- * newspaper begins publication.
- * Société de statistique de Marseille established.
- 1836 - Population: 148,597.
- 1837 - Porte d'Aix inaugurated.
- 1846 - Journal de Marseille newspaper begins publication.
- 1848
- * Paris–Marseille railway begins operating.
- * Gare de Marseille-Saint-Charles opens.
- 1849 - Canal de Marseille opens.
1850s-1890s
- 1851
- * Messageries Maritimes shipping company in business.
- * Population: 195,258.
- 1852 - built on Boulevard Chave.
- 1853 - La Joliette dock constructed.
- 1854 - opens.
- 1855 - Phare de Sainte Marie built.
- 1856
- * Population: 233,817.
- * Cimetière Saint-Pierre established.
- 1857 - Alcazar (Marseille) theatre opens.
- 1858
- * Marseille–Ventimiglia railway begins initial operation.
- * Palais du Pharo built.
- 1860
- * Exchange built.
- * Borely Racecourse|Race track] in business.
- 1862 - Marseille Courthouse built.
- 1863 - Great Synagogue of Marseille built.
- 1864
- * opens.
- * Notre-Dame de la Garde rebuilt.
- 1865 - Société Marseillaise de Crédit and Priory of St. Madeleine founded.
- 1866 - Population: 300,131.
- 1868 - Le Petit Marseillais newspaper begins publication.
- 1869 - Palais Longchamp completed.
- 1872 - Business school established.
- 1876
- * Le Petit Provençal newspaper begins publication.
- * Horse-drawn tram begins operating.
- 1877 - Société de géographie de Marseille established.
- 1878 - consecrated.
- 1881
- * Italian-French ethnic unrest.
- * Population: 360,099.
- 1883 - Marseille coat of arms design adopted.
- 1884 -.
- 1885 - Soleil du Midi newspaper begins publication.
- 1891 - founded.
- 1892 - Funicular of the Notre-Dame de la Garde church begins operating.
- 1893
- * Marseille Cathedral consecrated.
- * Institut Colonial de Marseille founded.
- 1894 - Monument des Mobiles erected.
- 1897 - formed.
- 1899
- * Olympique de Marseille soccer team formed.
- * 2500th anniversary of founding of Marseille.
20th century
1900s-1940s
- 1901
- * "Dock strike."
- * Population: 491,161.
- 1902 - "Strike of sailors."
- 1903
- * July: 1903 Tour de France cycling race passes through Marseille.
- * September: Bubonic plague outbreak.
- 1906
- * held.
- * Population: 517,498.
- 1909
- * "Tigeress escapes; terrorises the town."
- * founded.
- 1911 - Population: 550,619.
- 1913 - Fountain installed in the Place Castellane.
- 1916 - Musée Cantini founded.
- 1917 - restaurant in business.
- 1919 - 13 November: Grand Théâtre burns down.
- 1922
- * Marseille [Provence Airport] opens.
- * Colonial exhibition held.
- 1923 - erected.
- 1924 - Opera House built.
- 1926 - Musée Grobet-Labadié opens.
- 1927 - erected.
- 1931 - Population: 800,881.
- 1933 - Film Studios Pagnol established.
- 1934 - October 9: King Alexander I of Yugoslavia and Louis Barthou assassinated by Bulgarian terrorist Velicko Kerin.
- 1936 - Population: 914,232.
- 1937 - Stade Vélodrome opens.
- 1938
- * 21 September:.
- * 28 October:.
- 1939 - Baumettes Prison built.
- 1940 - Bombing by German and Italian forces.
- 1941 - Combat (French Resistance) active.
- 1942 - November: German occupation begins.
- 1943 - Old Port area evacuated and demolished.
- 1944
- * Bombing by Allied forces.
- * August: Battle of Marseille; German occupation ends.
- * La Marseillaise newspaper in publication.
- * Gaston Defferre becomes mayor.
- 1946
- * Arrondissements of Marseille created.
- * Jean Cristofol becomes mayor.
- Population: 636,264.
- 1947
- * November: Labor unrest.
- * Michel Carlini becomes mayor.
1950s-1990s
- 1952 - Cité radieuse housing complex built.
- 1953
- * Gaston Defferre becomes mayor again.
- * La Tourette housing complex built.
- 1955 - vendetta killings of the criminal occur.
- 1958 - Marseille twinned with Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire; Antwerp, Belgium; Copenhagen, Denmark; Genoa, Italy; Haifa, Israel; and Hamburg, Germany.
- 1960s - La Castellane neighborhood built.
- 1961 - Marseille twinned with Kobe, Japan.
- 1962
- * A50 autoroute opens.
- * Or Thora Synagogue established.
- * Population: 778,071.
- 1965 - March: held.
- 1967 - opens.
- 1968
- * A7 autoroute opens.
- * Marseille twinned with Dakar, Senegal.
- * Population: 889,029.
- 1970 - University of Provence established.
- 1972
- * A55 autoroute opens.
- * Ballet National de Marseille founded.
- * Marseille twinned with Odesa, Ukraine.
- 1973 - 14 December: Algerian consulate bombed.
- 1975
- * Er Rahmaniyyà group formed.
- * Population: 908,600.
- 1977
- * Marseille Metro Line 1 begins operating.
- * CMA CGM shipping company established.
- 1979 - Marseille-Cassis Classique Internationale footrace begins.
- 1981 - Rodéo (riot).
- 1982
- * effected.
- * Marseille becomes part of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.
- 1983
- * SNCF TGV Sud-Est train begins operating.
- * Marseille History Museum opens.
- 1984
- * begins operating.
- * Marseille twinned with Piraeus, Greece.
- 1986
- * March: held.
- * Robert Vigouroux becomes mayor.
- 1987
- * Jardin de la Magalone becomes property of the city.
- * Marseille twinned with Shanghai, China.
- 1989 - Marseille Festival of Documentary Film begins.
- 1991 - La Commanderie opens.
- 1993 - opens.
- 1995
- * June: held.
- * Jean-Claude Gaudin becomes mayor.
- * Centre de Recherche et de Documentation sur l'Océanie founded.
- * Musée de la Faïence de Marseille opens.
- 1997 - La Provence newspaper in publication.
- 1999 - Population: 795,518.
21st century
2000s
- 2001
- * Parc du 26e Centenaire inaugurated.
- * moves to the former.
- 2004 - Marseille twinned with Marrakech, Morocco.
- 2006
- * École centrale de Marseille created.
- * Marseille twinned with Glasgow, UK.
- 2007
- * Marseille tramway begins operating.
- * Labor strike.
- * Construction of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor begins in Cadarache, in vicinity of Marseille.
- 2008 - Population: 851,420.
- 2009 - Collège Ibn Khaldoun opens.
2010s
- 2010
- * March: held.
- * 2010 French [pension reform strikes|Garbage strike] occurs.
- 2011
- * Population: 850,636.
- 2012 - pedestrianized.
- 2013
- * Museum of European and Mediterranean Civilisations opens.
- * City designated a European Capital of Culture.
- 2014 - March: held.
- 2015
- * 9 February: Shooting occurs in La Castellane.
- * September: Drug ring trial begins.
- * December: 2015 [Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur regional election] held.
- * begins operating.
- * Cantons of the [Bouches-du-Rhône department|Cantons], 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and created per.
- 2016 - Metropolis of Aix-Marseille-Provence established.
- 2017 - Stabbing occurs in Saint Charles train station.
- 2018 - Two buildings collapse in the center of Marseille eight people are killed.
in English
;Published in the 19th centuryin French
- 1853-1980
- *
- 1864-1869
- . Histoire de Marseille. Paris, Robert Laffont, 1978
- . Histoire de Marseille. Toulouse, 1990
- 1990–1991. 4 vols.