List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes


This is a list of Southern African trees, shrubs, suffrutices, geoxyles and lianes, and is intended to cover Angola, Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
The notion of 'indigenous' is of necessity a blurred concept, and is clearly a function of both time and political boundaries. The global distribution of plants useful to humans, or inadvertently transported by them, is closely linked to a mapping of their journeys and settlements, and the movement of species in prehistoric times must be inferred from archaeological and palaeontological remains, centers of diversity, DNA samples and other sources.

Cyatheaceae

  • Cyathea capensis J.E. Sm.
  • Cyathea dregei Kunze
  • Cyathea manniana Hook.
  • Alsophila thomsonii R.M. Tryon

    Blechnaceae

  • Lomariocycas tabularis Kuhn

    Cycadaceae

  • Cycas thouarsii R.Br.

    Zamiaceae

  • Encephalartos aemulans Vorster
  • Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.
  • Encephalartos cupidus R.A. Dyer
  • Encephalartos dolomiticus Lavranos & D.L. Goode
  • Encephalartos eugene-maraisii Verdoorn
  • Encephalartos ferox Bertol.f.
  • Encephalartos friderici-guilielmi Lehm.
  • Encephalartos ghellinckii Lem.
  • Encephalartos heenanii R.A. Dyer
  • Encephalartos hirsutus P.J.H.Hurter
  • Encephalartos humilis Verdoorn
  • Encephalartos inopinus R.A. Dyer
  • Encephalartos lanatus Stapf & Burtt Davy
  • Encephalartos laevifolius Stapf & Burtt Davy
  • Encephalartos latifrons Lehm.
  • Encephalartos lebomboensis Verdoorn
  • Encephalartos lehmannii Lehm.
  • Encephalartos longifolius Lehm.
  • Encephalartos manikensis Gilliland
  • Encephalartos middelburgensis Vorster, Robbertse & S.van der Westh.
  • Encephalartos natalensis R.A. Dyer & Verdoorn
  • Encephalartos paucidentatus Stapf & Burtt Davy
  • Encephalartos princeps R.A. Dyer
  • Encephalartos schmitzii Malaisse
  • Encephalartos transvenosus Stapf & Burtt Davy
  • Encephalartos umbeluziensis R.A. Dyer
  • Encephalartos villosus Lem.
  • Encephalartos woodii Sander

    Podocarpaceae

  • Afrocarpus falcatus C.N.Page
  • Podocarpus elongatus L'Herit. ex Pers.
  • Podocarpus henkelii Stapf ex Dallim. & Jacks.
  • Podocarpus latifolius R.Br. ex Mirb.
  • Podocarpus milanjianus Rendle

    Cupressaceae

  • Widdringtonia nodiflora Powrie
  • Widdringtonia schwarzii Mast.
  • Widdringtonia wallichii Endl. ex Carrière
  • Widdringtonia whytei Rendle
  • Juniperus procera Hochst. ex Endl.

    Welwitschiaceae

  • Welwitschia mirabilis Hook.f.

    Poaceae

  • Thamnocalamus tessellatus Soderstrom & R.P.Ellis
  • Oreobambos buchwaldii K.Schum.
  • Oxytenanthera abyssinica Munro

    Pandanaceae

  • Pandanus livingstonianus Rendle

    Arecaceae

  • Phoenix reclinata Jacq.
  • Hyphaene coriacea Gaertn.
  • Hyphaene petersiana Klotzsch ex Mart.
  • Borassus aethiopum Mart.
  • Raphia australis Oberm. & Strey
  • Raphia farinifera Hyl.
  • Jubaeopsis afra Becc.

    Araceae

  • Culcasia scandens P.Beauv.

    Flagellariaceae

  • Flagellaria guineensis Schumach.

    Asphodelaceae

  • Aloe africana Mill.
  • Aloe alooides V. Druten
  • Aloe angelica Pole-Evans
  • Aloe arborescens Mill.
  • Aloe cameronii Hemsl.
  • Aloe castanea Schonl.
  • Aloe comosa Marloth & Berger
  • Aloe dolomitica Groenewald
  • Aloe excelsa Berger
  • Aloe ferox Mill.
  • Aloe khamiensis Pillans
  • Aloe littoralis Bak.
  • Aloe marlothii Berger
  • Aloe munchii Christian
  • Aloe pearsonii Schönland
  • Aloe pluridens Haw.
  • Aloe pretoriensis Pole-Evans
  • Aloe rupestris Bak.
  • Aloe sessiliflora Pole-Evans
  • Aloe speciosa Bak.
  • Aloe spectabilis Reynolds
  • Aloe thraskii Bak.
  • Aloidendron barberae Klopper & Gideon F.Sm.
  • Aloidendron dichotomum Klopper & Gideon F.Sm.
  • Aloidendron pillansii Klopper & Gideon F.Sm.
  • Aloidendron ramosissimum Klopper & Gideon F.Sm.
  • Kumara plicatilis G.D.Rowley

    Asparagaceae

  • Asparagus falcatus L.
  • Asparagus longicladus N.E.Br.
  • Dracaena aletriformis Bos
  • Dracaena camerooniana Baker
  • Dracaena laxissima Engl.
  • Dracaena mannii Bak.
  • Dracaena reflexa Lam.
  • Dracaena steudneri Engl.
  • Dracaena transvaalensis Baker

    Philesiaceae

  • Behnia reticulata Didr.

    Smilacaceae

  • Smilax anceps Willd.

    Velloziaceae

  • Xerophyta clavata Bak.
  • Xerophyta equisetoides Baker
  • Xerophyta retinervis Bak. var. equisetoides
  • Xerophyta retinervis Bak. var. retinervis
  • Xerophyta villosa Dur. & Schinz

    Musaceae

  • Ensete ventricosum E.E. Cheesm.
  • Strelitzia alba Skeels
  • Strelitzia caudata R.A. Dyer
  • Strelitzia nicolai Regel & Koern.

    Piperaceae

  • Piper capense L.f.
  • Piper guineense Schumach. & Thonn.

    Salicaceae

  • Salix hirsuta Thunb.
  • Salix mucronata Thunb. subsp. capensis Immelman
  • Salix wilmsii Seemen
  • Salix woodii Seemen
  • Oncoba bukobensis S. Hul & Breteler
  • Oncoba spinosa Forsk.
  • Scolopia flanaganii Sim
  • Scolopia mundii Warb.
  • Scolopia oreophila Killick
  • Scolopia stolzii Gilg
  • Scolopia zeyheri Harv.
  • Pseudoscolopia polyantha Gilg
  • Homalium abdessammadii Aschers. & Schweinf.
  • Homalium chasei Wild
  • Homalium dentatum Warb.
  • Homalium rufescens Benth.
  • Bivinia jalbertii Tul.
  • Trimeria grandifolia Warb.
  • Trimeria trinervis Harv.
  • Ludia mauritiana J.F. Gmel.
  • Flacourtia indica Merr.
  • Dovyalis afra Hook.f.
  • Dovyalis hispidula Wild
  • Dovyalis longspina Warb.
  • Dovyalis lucida Sim
  • Dovyalis macrocalyx Warb.
  • Dovyalis rhamnoides Harv.
  • Dovyalis rotundifolia Harv.
  • Dovyalis xanthocarpa Bullock
  • Dovyalis zeyheri Warb.
  • Casearia battiscombei R.E.Fr.
  • Casearia gladiiformis Mast.

    Myricaceae

  • Myrica conifera Burm.f.
  • Morella brevifolia Killick
  • Morella integra Killick
  • Morella microbracteata Verdc. & Polhill
  • Morella pilulifera Killick
  • Morella salicifolia Verdc. & Polhill
  • Morella serrata Killick

    Cannabaceae

  • Celtis africana Burm.f.
  • Celtis gomphophylla Baker
  • Celtis mildbraedii Engl.
  • Trema orientalis Blume
  • Chaetachme aristata Planch.

    Moraceae

  • Treculia africana Decne. ex Trécul
  • Morus mesozygia Stapf
  • Maclura africana Corner
  • Milicia excelsa C.C.Berg
  • Trilepisium madagascariense DC.
  • Ficus abutilifolia Miq.
  • Ficus asperifolia Miq.
  • Ficus barteri Sprague
  • Ficus bizanae Hutch. & Burtt Davy
  • Ficus brachylepis Welw. ex Hiern
  • Ficus bubu Warb.
  • Ficus burtt-davyi Hutch.
  • Ficus bussei Warb. ex Mildbr. & Burret
  • Ficus capreifolia Del.
  • Ficus cordata Thunb. subsp. salicifolia Berg
  • Ficus craterostoma Warb. ex Mildbr. & Burr.
  • Ficus cyathistipula Warb.
  • Ficus depauperata Sim
  • Ficus dicranostyla Mildbr.
  • Ficus exasperata Vahl
  • Ficus fischeri Warb. ex Mildbr. & Burr.
  • Ficus glumosa Del.
  • Ficus ilicina Miq.
  • Ficus ingens Miq.
  • Ficus laurifolia Lam.
  • Ficus lutea Vahl
  • Ficus natalensis Hochst.
  • Ficus nigropunctata Warb. ex Mildbr. & Burret
  • Ficus polita Vahl
  • Ficus pygmaea Welw. ex Hiern
  • Ficus rokko Warb. & Schweinf.
  • Ficus sansibarica Warb.
  • Ficus scassellatii Pamp.
  • Ficus stuhlmannii Warb.
  • Ficus sur Forssk.
  • Ficus sycomorus L.
  • Ficus tettensis Hutch.
  • Ficus thonningii Bl.
  • Ficus tremula Warb.
  • Ficus trichopoda Bak.
  • Ficus vallis-choudae Delile
  • Ficus verruculosa Warb.
  • Ficus wakefieldii Hutch.

    Urticaceae

  • Myrianthus arboreus P.Beauv.
  • Myrianthus holstii Engl.
  • Obetia carruthersiana Rendle
  • Obetia tenax Friis
  • Pouzolzia mixta Solms
  • Urera cameroonensis Wedd.
  • Urera hypselodendron Wedd.
  • Urera trinervis Friis & Immelman

    Proteaceae

  • Brabejum stellatifolium L.
  • Mimetes arboreus Rourke
  • Mimetes argenteus Salisb. ex Knight
  • Mimetes fimbriifolius Salisb. ex Knight
  • Faurea forficuliflora Baker
  • Faurea galpinii Phill.
  • Faurea intermedia Engl. & Gilg
  • Faurea macnaughtonii Phill.
  • Faurea rochetiana Chiov. ex Pic.Serm.
  • Faurea saligna Harv.
  • Protea abyssinica Willd.
  • Protea angolensis Welw.
  • Protea aurea Rourke
  • Protea afra Meisn.
  • Protea comptonii Beard
  • Protea coronata Lam.
  • Protea curvata N.E. Br.
  • Protea eximia Fourc.
  • Protea gaguedi Gmel.
  • Protea gazensis Beard
  • Protea glabra Thunb.
  • Protea heckmanniana Engl.
  • Protea homblei De Wild.
  • Protea lacticolor Salisb.
  • Protea laetans L.E. Davidson
  • Protea lanceolata E. Mey. ex Meisn.
  • Protea laurifolia Thunb.
  • Protea lepidocarpodendron L.
  • Protea lorifolia Fourc.
  • Protea madiensis Oliv.
  • Protea magnifica Link
  • Protea micans subsp. trichophylla Chisumpa & Brummitt
  • Protea mundii Klotzsch
  • Protea neriifolia R. Br.
  • Protea nitida Mill.
  • Protea obtusifolia De Wild.
  • Protea paludosa Engl.
  • Protea petiolaris Baker & C.H.Wright
  • Protea punctata Meisn.
  • Protea repens L.
  • Protea roupelliae Meisn.
  • Protea rubropilosa Beard
  • Protea rupestris R.E.Fr.
  • Protea rupicola Mund ex Meisn.
  • Protea subvestita N.E. Br.
  • Protea susannae Phill.
  • Protea welwitschii Engl.
  • Leucospermum conocarpodendron Buek
  • Leucospermum cuneiforme Rourke
  • Leucospermum gerrardii Stapf.
  • Leucospermum patersonii Phill.
  • Leucospermum praemorsum Phill.
  • Leucospermum reflexum Buek ex Meissn.
  • Leucospermum rodolentum Rourke
  • Leucospermum saxosum S. Moore
  • Leucadendron argenteum R. Br.
  • Leucadendron conicum I.A. Williams
  • Leucadendron coniferum Meisn.
  • Leucadendron discolor Phill. & Hutch.
  • Leucadendron ericifolium R. Br.
  • Leucadendron eucalyptifolium Buek ex Meisn.
  • Leucadendron microcephalum Gand. & Schinz
  • Leucadendron nobile I. Williams
  • Leucadendron pondoense Van Wyk
  • Leucadendron procerum I. Williams
  • Leucadendron pubescens R. Br.
  • Leucadendron salicifolium I. Williams
  • Leucadendron strobilinum Druce