Solar eclipse of October 24, 1995


A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Tuesday, October 24, 1995, with a magnitude of 1.0213. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 2.7 days before perigee, the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.
The path of totality went through Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, southwestern tip of Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Spratly Islands, northeastern tip of Sabah of Malaysia, Philippines and Indonesia. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Northeast Africa, Asia, Australia, and northern Oceania.

Observation

India

An aerial observation of this eclipse was done over India, when a MiG-25 reconnaissance aircraft of the Indian Air Force was used to take images of this eclipse at an altitude of 25 km.
The Indian Institute of Astrophysics established camps along the path of totality in Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Iradatganj and Diamond Harbour near Kolkata. Astronomers from other institutions and abroad from the Slovakia, Brazil, Russia, Japan and Germany joined IIA at its camps. An IIA team also photographed the eclipse by chasing the Moon’s shadow in an Indian Air Force plane AN-32 from the crew escape hatch on the roof of the cockpit at an altitude of above the sea level, which was the first time efforts made by the institute. Doordarshan and All India Radio made live coverages of the eclipse. The eclipse happened to occur on the day of the Diwali.

China

Within the Spratly Islands claimed by China, only Cuarteron Reef was controlled by China and lay in the path of totality. Instead of going to the faraway island, The Popular Science Committee of the Chinese Astronomical Society, Beijing Astronomical Society, Beijing Planetarium and Beijing Astronomical Observatory jointly organized observations abroad for the first time. A team of 4 was sent to Sikhio district, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand by the Beijing Planetarium, and successfully photographed the whole process of the eclipse, the corona at the greatest eclipse, and the Baily's beads at the 2nd and 3rd contact.
In addition, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Electronics Industry, China Earthquake Administration, State Education Commission and departments in charge of water conservancy and meteorology conducted joint observations on changes of solar radiation, ionosphere, geomagnetic field, radio and acoustic heavy waves, mainly in the Paracel Islands, Sanya, Haikou and Zhengzhou. From all these places, only a partial solar eclipse was visible instead of a total solar eclipse.

In popular culture

Phil Whitaker's prize-winning debut novel Eclipse of the [Sun (novel)|Eclipse of the Sun] published in 1997 and set in India has at its centre a dramatic attempt to organize a public viewing of the eclipse.

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.
EventTime
First Penumbral External Contact1995 October 24 at 01:52:54.3 UTC
First Umbral External Contact1995 October 24 at 02:53:31.6 UTC
First Central Line1995 October 24 at 02:53:39.8 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact1995 October 24 at 02:53:47.9 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact1995 October 24 at 04:03:07.3 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction1995 October 24 at 04:23:32.2 UTC
Greatest Eclipse1995 October 24 at 04:33:30.5 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction1995 October 24 at 04:37:13.7 UTC
Greatest Duration1995 October 24 at 04:37:39.5 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact1995 October 24 at 05:04:10.7 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact1995 October 24 at 06:13:17.4 UTC
Last Central Line1995 October 24 at 06:13:27.9 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact1995 October 24 at 06:13:38.5 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact1995 October 24 at 07:14:06.3 UTC

ParameterValue
Eclipse Magnitude1.02135
Eclipse Obscuration1.04315
Gamma0.35176
Sun Right Ascension13h52m45.4s
Sun Declination-11°34'24.4"
Sun Semi-Diameter16'04.7"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax08.8"
Moon Right Ascension13h53m07.2s
Moon Declination-11°14'17.0"
Moon Semi-Diameter16'10.1"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax0°59'20.4"
ΔT61.4 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
October 8
Descending node
October 24
Ascending node
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 117		Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 143

Related eclipses

Eclipses in 1995

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 143

Inex

Triad