Sha1sum
' is a computer program that calculates and verifies SHA-1 hashes. It is commonly used to verify the integrity of files. It is installed by default on most Linux distributions. Typically distributed alongside are ', ', ' and ', which use a specific SHA-2 hash function and ', which uses the BLAKE2 cryptographic hash function.
The SHA-1 variants are proven vulnerable to collision attacks, and users should instead use, for example, a SHA-2 variant such as or the BLAKE2 variant to prevent tampering by an adversary.
It is included in GNU Core Utilities, Busybox, and Toybox. Ports to a wide variety of systems are available, including Microsoft Windows.
Examples
To create a file with a SHA-1 hash in it, if one is not provided:$ sha1sum filename ... > SHA1SUM
If distributing one file, the file extension may be appended to the filename e.g.:
$ sha1sum --binary my-zip.tar.gz > my-zip.tar.gz.sha1
The output contains one line per file of the form "
SPACE ". For example:$ sha1sum -b my-zip.tar.gz
d5db29cd03a2ed055086cef9c31c252b4587d6d0 *my-zip.tar.gz
$ sha1sum -b subdir/filename2
55086cef9c87d6d031cd5db29cd03a2ed0252b45 *subdir/filename2
To verify that a file was downloaded correctly or that it has not been tampered with:
$ sha1sum -c SHA1SUM
filename: OK
filename2: OK
$ sha1sum -c my-zip.tar.gz.sha1
my-zip.tar.gz: OK
Hash file trees
can only create checksums of one or multiple files inside a directory, but not of a directory tree, i.e. of subdirectories, sub-subdirectories, etc. and the files they contain. This is possible by using in combination with thefind command with the option, or by piping the output from into xargs. can create checksums of a directory tree.To use with :
$ find s_* -type f -exec sha1sum '' \;
65c23f142ff6bcfdddeccebc0e5e63c41c9c1721 s_1/file_s11
d3d59905cf5fc930cd4bf5b709d5ffdbaa9443b2 s_2/file_s21
5590e00ea904568199b86aee4b770fb1b5645ab8 s_a/file_02
Likewise, piping the output from into yields the same output:
$ find s_* -type f | xargs sha1sum
65c23f142ff6bcfdddeccebc0e5e63c41c9c1721 s_1/file_s11
d3d59905cf5fc930cd4bf5b709d5ffdbaa9443b2 s_2/file_s21
5590e00ea904568199b86aee4b770fb1b5645ab8 s_a/file_02
Related programs
' is a Perl program to calculate any of SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512 hashes. It is part of the ActivePerl distribution.- '
tthsum, and many others.