Second Thatcher ministry


Margaret Thatcher was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 4 May 1979 to 28 November 1990, during which time she led a Conservative majority government. She was the first woman to hold that office. During her premiership, Thatcher moved to liberalise the British economy through deregulation, privatisation, and the promotion of entrepreneurialism.
This article details the second Thatcher ministry which she led at the invitation of Queen Elizabeth II from 1983 to 1987.

Formation

The Conservative government was re-elected in June 1983 with a majority of 144 seats, with Labour in opposition having a mere 209 seats after its worst postwar electoral performance, seeing off a close challenge from the SDP–Liberal Alliance who came close to them on votes though not with seats.
With inflation firmly under control and union reforms contributing towards the lowest level of strikes since the early 1950s, the Conservatives were now faced with the challenge of reducing unemployment from a record high of 3,200,000.
March 1984 saw the beginning of a miners' strike which would last for 12 months and divide the country as Mrs Thatcher announced extensive pit closures which would ultimately cost thousands of miners their jobs, while the remaining pits were set to be privatised in the proposed sell-off of the National Coal Board. Privatisation of utilities and heavy industry was becoming a key symbol of Thatcherism, with the likes of British Telecom also transferring from public to private ownership.
Michael Foot had stepped down as Labour leader following the 1983 general election. The man elected by Labour with the task of getting them back into government was Neil Kinnock. He proved himself as a fierce rival to Thatcher, and more than once during the 1983–87 parliament, the opinion polls showed Labour in the lead, although a huge swing was required at a general election if the Conservative government was to be ousted.
The challenge from the SDP–Liberal Alliance was becoming weaker, despite their brief lead of the opinion polls during 1985.
However, economic growth following recession had been re-established by the beginning of this parliament and by 1987 the economy was well on the road to recovery. However, although unemployment which had peaked at nearly 3,300,000 during 1984 remained above 3,000,000 by the turn of 1987, with the opinion polls all showing a Tory lead, it was anticipated that Thatcher would call the next general election earlier than the deadline of June 1988.

Fate

A general election was called for 11 June 1987, and the Conservatives triumphed for the third election in succession. Labour, on the other hand, achieved a better election result than it had the previous time, with more than 30% of the vote, while the SDP–Liberal Alliance floundered and was soon disbanded as the Social Democratic Party and Liberal Party merged to form the Social and Liberal Democrats.

Cabinet

June 1983 to June 1987


Changes

List of ministers

Members of the Cabinet are in bold face.
OfficeNameDatesNotes
Margaret ThatcherJune 1983
William Whitelaw, 1st Viscount WhitelawJune 1983 – June 1987
Lord High Chancellor of Great BritainQuintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St MaryleboneJune 1983
William Whitelaw, 1st Viscount Whitelaw11 June 1983also Deputy Leader of the Conservative Party
Minister of State for the Privy Council OfficeGrey Ruthven, 2nd Earl of Gowrie11 June 1983 – 11 September 1984
Minister of State for the Privy Council OfficeRichard Luce2 September 1985 – June 1987
John Biffen11 June 1983
Chancellor of the ExchequerNigel Lawson11 June 1983
Chief Secretary to the TreasuryPeter Rees11 June 1983
Chief Secretary to the TreasuryJohn MacGregor2 September 1985
Minister of State for TreasuryBarney HayhoeJune 1983 – 2 September 1985
Minister of State for TreasuryIan Gow2 September 1985 – 19 November 1985
Minister of State for TreasuryPeter Brooke19 November 1985 – 13 June 1987
Parliamentary Secretary to the TreasuryJohn Wakeham11 June 1983
Financial Secretary to the TreasuryNicholas Ridley13 June 1983
Financial Secretary to the TreasuryJohn Moore18 October 1983
Financial Secretary to the TreasuryNorman Lamont21 May 1986
Economic Secretary to the TreasuryJohn Moore13 June 1983
Economic Secretary to the TreasuryIan Stewart19 October 1983
Lords Commissioners of the TreasuryAlastair GoodladJune 1983 – 10 September 1984
Lords Commissioners of the TreasuryDonald ThompsonJune 1983 – 10 September 1986
Lords Commissioners of the TreasuryDavid HuntJune 1983 – 10 September 1984
Lords Commissioners of the TreasuryIan Lang11 June 1983 – 1 February 1986
Lords Commissioners of the TreasuryTristan Garel-Jones11 June 1983 – 16 October 1986
Lords Commissioners of the TreasuryJohn Major3 October 1984 – 1 November 1985
Lords Commissioners of the TreasuryArchie Hamilton3 October 1984 – 10 September 1986
Lords Commissioners of the TreasuryTim Sainsbury7 October 1985 – 23 June 1987
Lords Commissioners of the TreasuryMichael Neubert10 February 1986 – June 1987
Lords Commissioners of the TreasuryPeter Lloyd16 October 1986 – June 1987
Lords Commissioners of the TreasuryMark Lennox-Boyd16 October 1986 – June 1987
Lords Commissioners of the TreasuryTony Durant16 October 1986 – June 1987
Assistant WhipsArchie HamiltonJune 1983 – October 1984
Assistant WhipsJohn MajorJanuary 1983 – October 1984
Assistant WhipsDouglas HoggFebruary 1983 – October 1984
Assistant WhipsMichael NeubertJune 1983 – February 1986
Assistant WhipsTim SainsburyJune 1983 – October 1985
Assistant WhipsTony DurantOctober 1984 – October 1986
Assistant WhipsPeter LloydOctober 1984 – October 1986
Assistant WhipsMark Lennox-BoydOctober 1984 – October 1986
Assistant WhipsFrancis MaudeOctober 1985 – June 1987
Assistant WhipsGerald MaloneFebruary 1986 – June 1987
Assistant WhipsDavid LightbownOctober 1986 – June 1987
Assistant WhipsMichael PortilloOctober 1986 – June 1987
Assistant WhipsRichard RyderOctober 1986 – June 1987
Foreign SecretarySir Geoffrey Howe11 June 1983
Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsTimothy RaisonJune 1983 – 10 September 1986also Minister of Overseas Development
Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsRichard Luce11 June 1983 – 2 September 1985
Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsMalcolm Rifkind13 June 1983 – 11 January 1986
Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsJanet Young, Baroness Young13 June 1983 – 13 June 1987
Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsTim Renton2 September 1985 – 13 June 1987
Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsLynda Chalker11 January 1986 – June 1987
Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsChris Patten10 September 1986 – June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsRay Whitney13 June 1983
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsTim Renton11 September 1984
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth AffairsTimothy Eggar2 September 1985
Minister for Overseas DevelopmentTimothy RaisonJune 1983
Minister for Overseas DevelopmentChris Patten10 September 1986also Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
Home SecretaryLeon Brittan11 June 1983
Home SecretaryDouglas Hurd2 September 1985
Minister of State for Home AffairsDavid WaddingtonJune 1983 – 13 June 1987
Minister of State for Home AffairsDouglas HurdJune 1983 – September 1984
Minister of State for Home AffairsRodney Elton, 2nd Baron Elton11 September 1984 – 25 March 1985
Minister of State for Home AffairsGiles Shaw11 September 1984 – 10 September 1986
Minister of State for Home AffairsDavid Mellor10 September 1986 – 13 June 1987
Minister of State for Home AffairsMalcolm Sinclair, 20th Earl of Caithness10 September 1986 – June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for Home AffairsRodney Elton, 2nd Baron EltonJune 1983 – 11 September 1984
Under-Secretary of State for Home AffairsDavid MellorJune 1983 – 10 September 1986
Under-Secretary of State for Home AffairsSimon Arthur, 4th Baron Glenarthur27 March 1984 – 10 September 1986
Under-Secretary of State for Home AffairsDouglas Hogg10 September 1986 – June 1987
Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodMichael Jopling11 June 1983
Minister of State for Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodJohn MacGregor13 June 1983 – 2 September 1985
Minister of State for Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodJohn Ganzoni, 2nd Baron Belstead13 June 1983 – 13 June 1987
Minister of State for Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodJohn Gummer2 September 1985 – June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodPeggy FennerJune 1983 – 10 September 1986
Under-Secretary of State for Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodDonald Thompson10 September 1986 – June 1987
Minister for the ArtsGrey Ruthven, 2nd Earl of Gowrie13 June 1983
Minister for the ArtsRichard Luce2 September 1985
Secretary of State for DefenceMichael HeseltineJune 1983
Secretary of State for DefenceGeorge Younger9 January 1986
Minister of State for the Armed ForcesJohn Stanley13 June 1983
Minister of State for Defence ProcurementGeoffrey Pattie13 June 1983
Minister of State for Defence ProcurementHon. Adam Butler11 September 1984
Minister of State for Defence ProcurementNorman Lamont2 September 1985
Minister of State for Defence ProcurementDavid Trefgarne, 2nd Baron Trefgarne21 May 1986
Minister of State for Defence SupportDavid Trefgarne, 2nd Baron Trefgarne2 September 1985 – 21 May 1986
Under-Secretary of State for the Armed ForcesDavid Trefgarne, 2nd Baron Trefgarne13 June 1983 – 1 September 1985
Under-Secretary of State for the Armed ForcesRoger Freeman21 May 1986 – June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for Defence ProcurementIan StewartJune 1983 – 18 October 1983
Under-Secretary of State for Defence ProcurementJohn Lee18 October 1983 – 10 September 1986
Under-Secretary of State for Defence ProcurementArchie Hamilton10 September 1986 – 13 June 1987
Secretary of State for EducationSir Keith Joseph, 2nd BaronetJune 1983
Secretary of State for EducationKenneth Baker21 May 1986
Minister of State, Education and ScienceChris Patten5 September 1985 – 10 September 1986
Minister of State, Education and ScienceAngela Rumbold10 September 1986 – June 1987
Under-Secretary of State, Education and SciencePeter Brooke13 June 1983 – 19 November 1985
Under-Secretary of State, Education and ScienceBob Dunn13 June 1983 – June 1987
Under-Secretary of State, Education and ScienceGeorge Walden19 November 1985 – 13 June 1987
Secretary of State for EmploymentNorman TebbitJune 1983
Secretary of State for EmploymentTom King16 October 1983
Secretary of State for EmploymentDavid Young, Baron Young of Graffham2 September 1985
Minister of State, EmploymentPeter Morrison13 June 1983 – 2 September 1985
Minister of State, EmploymentJohn Gummer18 October 1983 – 11 September 1984
Minister of State, EmploymentKenneth Clarke2 September 1985 – 13 June 1987Also Paymaster General
Under-Secretary of State, EmploymentJohn GummerJune 1983 – 18 October 1983
Under-Secretary of State, EmploymentAlan Clark13 June 1983 – 24 January 1986
Under-Secretary of State, EmploymentPeter Bottomley11 September 1984 – 23 January 1986
Under-Secretary of State, EmploymentDavid Trippier2 September 1985 – 13 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State, EmploymentIan Lang31 January 1986 – 10 September 1986
Under-Secretary of State, EmploymentJohn Lee10 September 1986 – June 1987
Secretary of State for EnergyPeter Walker11 June 1983
Minister of State, EnergyAlick Buchanan-Smith13 June 1983
Under-Secretary of State, EnergyNicholas Eden, 2nd Earl of AvonJune 1983 – 11 September 1984
Under-Secretary of State, EnergyGiles Shaw13 June 1983 – 11 September 1984
Under-Secretary of State, EnergyDavid Hunt11 September 1984 – 13 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State, EnergyAlastair Goodlad11 September 1984 – 13 June 1987
Secretary of State for the EnvironmentPatrick Jenkin11 June 1983
Secretary of State for the EnvironmentKenneth Baker23 September 1985
Secretary of State for the EnvironmentNicholas Ridley21 May 1986
Minister of State for Local GovernmentIrwin Bellow, Baron BellwinJune 1983
Minister of State for Local GovernmentKenneth Baker11 September 1984
Minister of State for Local GovernmentWilliam Waldegrave2 September 1985
Minister of State for Local GovernmentRhodes Boyson10 September 1986
Minister of State for HousingIan Gow13 June 1983
Minister of State for HousingJohn Patten2 September 1985
Minister of State, EnvironmentRodney Elton, 2nd Baron Elton27 March 1985 – 10 September 1986
Minister of State, EnvironmentWilliam Waldegrave10 September 1986 – 13 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for SportNeil MacfarlaneJune 1983 – 2 September 1985
Under-Secretary of State for SportRichard Tracey7 September 1985 – 13 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentSir George Young, 6th BaronetJune 1981 – 10 September 1986
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentWilliam Waldegrave13 June 1983 – 2 September 1985
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentNicholas Eden, 2nd Earl of Avon11 September 1984 – 27 March 1985
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentAngela Rumbold2 September 1985 – 10 September 1986
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentRoger Bootle-Wilbraham, 7th Baron Skelmersdale10 September 1986 – 13 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State, EnvironmentChristopher Chope10 September 1986 – June 1987
Secretary of State for Social ServicesNorman FowlerJune 1983
Minister of State, HealthKenneth ClarkeJune 1983
Minister of State, HealthBarney Hayhoe2 September 1985
Minister of State, HealthTony Newton10 September 1986
Under-Secretary of State, Health and Social SecurityTony NewtonJune 1983 – 11 September 1984
Under-Secretary of State, Health and Social SecurityJohn Patten14 June 1983 – 2 September 1985
Under-Secretary of State, Health and Social SecuritySimon Arthur, 4th Baron Glenarthur14 June 1983 – 26 March 1985
Under-Secretary of State, Health and Social SecurityRay Whitney11 September 1984 – 10 September 1986
Under-Secretary of State, Health and Social SecurityJean Barker, Baroness Trumpington30 March 1985 – 13 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State, Health and Social SecurityJohn Major2 September 1985 – 10 September 1986
Under-Secretary of State, Health and Social SecurityNicholas Lyell10 September 1986 – 13 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State, Health and Social SecurityEdwina Currie10 September 1986 – June 1987
Minister of State, Social SecurityRhodes Boyson12 June 1983 – 11 September 1984
Minister of State, Social SecurityTony Newton11 September 1984 – 10 September 1986
Minister of State, Social SecurityJohn Major10 September 1986 – 13 June 1987
Minister of State, Industry and Information TechnologyKenneth BakerJune 1983under Office of Trade and Industry from 12 June 1983
Minister of State, Industry and Information TechnologyGeoffrey Pattie11 September 1984Office abolished 13 June 1987
Chancellor of the Duchy of LancasterArthur Cockfield, Baron Cockfield11 June 1983
Chancellor of the Duchy of LancasterGrey Ruthven, 2nd Earl of Gowrie11 September 1984
Chancellor of the Duchy of LancasterNorman Tebbit3 September 1985
Secretary of State for Northern IrelandJames PriorJune 1983
Secretary of State for Northern IrelandDouglas Hurd11 September 1984
Secretary of State for Northern IrelandTom King3 September 1985
Minister of State, Northern IrelandHon. Adam ButlerJune 1983 – 11 September 1984
Minister of State, Northern IrelandGrey Ruthven, 2nd Earl of GowrieJune 1983 – September 1983
Minister of State, Northern IrelandWilliam Murray, 8th Earl of Mansfield and Mansfield13 June 1983 – 12 April 1984
Minister of State, Northern IrelandRhodes Boyson11 September 1984 – 10 September 1986
Minister of State, Northern IrelandNicholas Scott10 September 1986 – 13 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State, Northern IrelandNicholas ScottJune 1983 – 11 September 1986
Under-Secretary of State, Northern IrelandChris Patten14 June 1983 – 2 September 1985
Under-Secretary of State, Northern IrelandCharles Lyell, 3rd Baron Lyell12 April 1984 – June 1987
Under-Secretary of State, Northern IrelandRichard Needham3 September 1985 – June 1987
Under-Secretary of State, Northern IrelandPeter Viggers10 September 1986 – June 1987
Under-Secretary of State, Northern IrelandBrian Mawhinney10 September 1986 – June 1987
Paymaster GeneralVacant11 June 1983
Paymaster GeneralJohn Gummer11 September 1984
Paymaster GeneralKenneth Clarke2 September 1985also Minister of State, Employment
Minister without PortfolioDavid Young, Baron Young of Graffham11 September 1984 – 3 September 1985
Secretary of State for ScotlandGeorge YoungerJune 1983
Secretary of State for ScotlandMalcolm Rifkind11 January 1986
Minister of State for ScotlandHamish Gray, Baron Gray of Contin13 June 1983 – 11 September 1986
Minister of State for ScotlandSimon Arthur, 4th Baron Glenarthur10 September 1986 – 13 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for ScotlandAllan StewartJune 1983 – 10 September 1986
Under-Secretary of State for ScotlandJohn MacKayJune 1983 – 14 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for ScotlandMichael Ancram13 June 1983 – 14 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for ScotlandIan Lang10 September 1986 – 13 June 1987
Minister of State for TradePaul Channon13 June 1983under Office of Trade and Industry
Minister of State for TradeAlan Clark24 January 1986
Secretary of State for Trade and IndustryCecil Parkinson12 June 1983
Secretary of State for Trade and IndustryNorman Tebbit16 October 1983
Secretary of State for Trade and IndustryLeon Brittan2 September 1985
Secretary of State for Trade and IndustryPaul Channon24 January 1986
Minister of State for Trade and IndustryNorman Lamont13 June 1983 – 2 September 1985
Minister of State for Trade and IndustryPeter Morrison2 September 1985 – 10 September 1986
Minister of State for Trade and IndustryGiles Shaw10 September 1986 – 13 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for Trade and IndustryJohn Butcher14 June 1983 – June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for Trade and IndustryAlexander Fletcher14 June 1983 – 2 September 1985
Under-Secretary of State for Trade and IndustryDavid Trippier14 June 1983 – 2 September 1985
Under-Secretary of State for Trade and IndustryMichael Lucas, 2nd Baron Lucas of Chilworth11 September 1984 – 13 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for Trade and IndustryMichael Howard2 September 1985 – 13 June 1987
Secretary of State for TransportTom King11 June 1983
Secretary of State for TransportNicholas Ridley16 October 1983
Secretary of State for TransportJohn Moore21 May 1986
Minister of State, TransportLynda Chalker18 October 1983 – 10 January 1986
Minister of State, TransportDavid Mitchell23 January 1986 – June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for TransportLynda ChalkerJune 1983 – 18 October 1983
Under-Secretary of State for TransportDavid Mitchell11 June 1983 – 23 January 1986
Under-Secretary of State for TransportMichael Spicer11 September 1984 – 13 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for TransportMalcolm Sinclair, 20th Earl of Caithness2 September 1985 – 10 September 1986
Under-Secretary of State for TransportPeter Bottomley23 January 1986 – June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for TransportIvon Moore-Brabazon, 3rd Baron Brabazon of Tara10 September 1986 – June 1987
Secretary of State for WalesNicholas EdwardsJune 1983
Minister of State for WalesJohn Stradling ThomasJune 1983 – 2 September 1985
Under-Secretary of State for WalesWyn RobertsJune 1983 – 13 June 1987
Under-Secretary of State for WalesMark Robinson3 October 1985 – 15 June 1987
Attorney GeneralMichael HaversJune 1983
Solicitor GeneralSir Patrick Mayhew13 June 1983
Lord AdvocateJames Mackay, Baron Mackay of ClashfernJune 1983
Lord AdvocateKenneth Cameron, Baron Cameron of Lochbroom16 May 1984
Solicitor General for ScotlandPeter FraserJune 1983
Treasurer of the HouseholdJohn Cope11 June 1983
Comptroller of the HouseholdCarol MatherJune 1983
Comptroller of the HouseholdRobert Boscawen16 October 1986
Vice-Chamberlain of the HouseholdRobert BoscawenJune 1983
Vice-Chamberlain of the HouseholdTristan Garel-Jones16 October 1986
Captain of the Gentlemen-at-ArmsBertram Bowyer, 2nd Baron DenhamJune 1983
Captain of the Yeomen of the GuardDavid Cunliffe-Lister, 2nd Earl of SwintonJune 1983
Captain of the Yeomen of the GuardAndrew Davidson, 2nd Viscount Davidson10 September 1986
Lords-in-WaitingRichard Long, 4th Viscount LongJune 1983 – 2 May 1997
Lords-in-WaitingCharles Lyell, 3rd Baron LyellJune 1983 – 12 April 1984
Lords-in-WaitingRoger Bootle-Wilbraham, 7th Baron SkelmersdaleJune 1983 – 10 September 1986
Lords-in-WaitingMichael Lucas, 2nd Baron Lucas of ChilworthJune 1983 – 9 September 1984
Lords-in-WaitingJean Barker, Baroness Trumpington11 June 1983 – 25 March 1985
Lords-in-WaitingMalcolm Sinclair, 20th Earl of Caithness8 May 1984 – 2 September 1985
Lords-in-WaitingIvon Moore-Brabazon, 3rd Baron Brabazon of Tara19 September 1984 – 10 September 1986
Lords-in-WaitingCaroline Cox, Baroness Cox3 April 1985 – 2 August 1985
Lords-in-WaitingAndrew Davidson, 2nd Viscount Davidson17 September 1985 – 10 September 1986
Lords-in-WaitingGloria Hooper, Baroness Hooper17 September 1985 – 14 June 1987
Lords-in-WaitingAlexander Fermor-Hesketh, 3rd Baron Hesketh10 September 1986 – June 1987
Lords-in-WaitingMaxwell Aitken, 3rd Baron Beaverbrook10 September 1986 – June 1987
Lords-in-WaitingAlexander Scrymgeour, 12th Earl of Dundee3 October 1986 – June 1987