Saumlaki
Saumlaki is a town in Tanimbar Islands Regency, Indonesia. It is the seat of Tanimbar Islands Regency, as well as the biggest town in the island of Yamdena. Previously a small village, it has grown to a relatively sizeable town due to its political status as a regency seat. Most of the regency's infrastructure is concentrated in Saumlaki. The administrative location of the town is in the kelurahan of Saumlaki, inside South Tanimbar District. The urban settlement extends outside of the administrative boundaries to surrounding communities such as the villages of Olilit and Sifnana.
Geography
The urban area of the town of Saumlaki extends beyond its legal administrative boundary. However, the urban population is concentrated in the kelurahan of Saumlaki, which is the town proper. The town extends outside of the proper kelurahan to the neighbouring kelurahan of Saumlaki Utara and the rural desa of Olilit and Sifnana, with which it shares a peninsula in the east of Tanimbar Selatan District. The soil formation in the town consists of limestone formed from dead corals as well as relatively young sediments.The town has an average annual rainfall of with the highest amount of rainfall in January and the lowest in August. Between April and September, the wind comes from Australia, and is generally drier and causes less rainfall than usual. The average temperature of the town is between, with December being the hottest month.
Economy
The main economic sources of the town are agriculture and fishery, including cassava, water spinach, banana, coconut, and pineapple. Livestock farming, mainly of chickens and pigs, also contributes to the economy. About 2,208 tons of fish were caught from waters around Saumlaki in 2020.Further economic potential comes from natural gas exploration, especially Masela Bloc, located from the Saumlaki. The bloc is expected to be managed by Inpex's child company Inpex Masela and production is expected to begin around 2027. However, disagreements over local government ownership of the project have delayed the project. There have been some controversies surrounding the exploration, especially regarding the local government's participation interest that would be obliged to own minimum 10% of production's ownership. The regency government expected to supposedly own 5.6% from the 10% participation interest, but the provincial government in Ambon expected it to be just 3% while the rest would be divided equally to all regencies in the Maluku province. This has caused ongoing conflict between the provincial government and the regency government over the ownership of the company's 10% minimum obliged by the law.
Infrastructure
Education
There are five elementary schools in Saumlaki and Saumlaki kelurahan, three in Olilit, and two in Sifnana. There are two junior high schools in Saumlaki, three in Olilit desa, and one in Sifnana desa, while the numbers of senior high schools in the town are two in Saumlaki, one in Olilit, and one in Sifnana. There are also four vocational high schools: two in Saumlaki, and one each in Olilit and Sifnana.In addition, there are three higher education institutions registered with the Ministry [of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (Indonesia)|Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology]: Saumlaki College of Economy, Saumlaki College of Administration, and Saumlaki Teaching College. All three colleges are private and owned by Rumpun Lelemuku Saumlaki Higher Learning Foundation.
There are other higher education institutions in the town, but they are not accredited or registered with the Ministry of Education and residents of the town have been urged to avoid enrolling there as they have no legal standing. The creation of illegal and unregistered colleges in the town has been described by the General Chief of Private College Coordinator, who oversees private colleges under the government, as "like mushrooms growing in the rainy season" and a serious problem to the town. Residents have criticized these colleges for spreading pamphlets around the town for recruitment and causing confusion among parents.