List of cities and towns in Russia by population
This is a list of cities and towns in Russia and parts of the Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine with a population of over 50,000 as of the 2021 Census. The figures are for the population within the limits of the city/town proper, not the urban area or metropolitan area.
The list includes Sevastopol and settlements within the Republic of Crimea which are internationally recognized as part of Ukraine and were not subject to the 2010 census. Additionally, settlements within the Donetsk People's Republic, Kherson Oblast, Luhansk People's Republic, and Zaporozhye Oblast, are internationally recognized as part of Ukraine and were not subject to the 2010 census. Only settlements presently controlled by Russia are included; settlements under the control of Ukraine are not included. The city of Zelenograd and the municipal cities/towns of the federal city of St. Petersburg are also excluded, as they are not enumerated in the 2021 census as stand-alone localities. The sixteen largest cities have a total population of 35,509,177, or roughly 24.1% of the country's total population.
Cities and towns
Cities in bold symbolize the capital city of its respective federal subject. Three capitals are too small to make the list: Naryan-Mar, Magas, and Anadyr. Pyatigorsk is the administrative centre of North Caucasian Federal District but not of any federal subject.Cities in are in areas annexed by Russia that the international community considers illegally occupied by Russia. Only a few nations recognize Crimea, the Donetsk People's Republic, Kherson Oblast, Luhansk People's Republic, and Zaporozhye Oblast as part of Russia.
| City / town | Russian name | Federal subject | Federal district | 2021 Census | 2010 Census | Change |
| Moscow | Москва |  Moscow|name=Moscow efn|The city of Moscow, though a separate entity from the surrounding Moscow Oblast, also serves as its capitalchange|invert=on|13010112|11503501lang\|ru|Санкт-ПетербургLocation of most populous cities in Russia |