Regional stock exchanges of the United States
A regional stock exchange is a term used in the United States to describe stock exchanges that operate outside of the country's main financial center in New York City. A regional stock exchange operates in the trading of listed and over-the-counter equities under the SEC's Unlisted Trading Privileges rule.
History of regional stock exchanges
The SEC was formed in 1934, and that year, a total of 24 securities exchanges registered with the SEC, while 19 received temporary exemptions from registration. Exchanges actively trading that year included the New Orleans Stock Exchange, the Richmond Stock Exchange, the San Francisco Curb Exchange, the San Francisco Mining Exchange, and the St. Louis Stock Exchange. Ten stock exchanges closed after the SEC was created, including the Boston Curb Market, the Buffalo Stock Exchange, the Chicago Curb Exchange, the Denver Stock Market, the Hartford Stock Market, the Milwaukee Grain and Stock Exchange, the New York Mining Exchange, the New York Real Estate Securities Exchange, the Seattle Stock Exchange, and the Wheeling Stock Exchange. The New York Produce Exchange decided to stop trading in securities as well.In April 1941, eighteen regional stock exchanges received invitations to "parley" with the SEC on possible amendments to the Securities Act to be presented to Congress that May. The exchange representatives attended the conference on April 28, 1941 to discuss the issue.
List of regional stock exchanges
Current
Regional exchanges currently registered with the SEC include:- Boston Stock Exchange, acquired by NASDAQ in 2007
- Chicago Board Options Exchange
- Chicago Stock Exchange, acquired by NYSE in 2019
- National [Stock Exchange (Jersey City, New Jersey)|National Stock Exchange], acquired by NYSE in 2017
- Pacific Stock Exchange, acquired by NYSE in 2006
- Philadelphia Stock Exchange, the nation's first stock exchange, acquired by NASDAQ in 2007
Historical
There used to be many more such exchanges in the United States. Among those that have become defunct or have merged into the survivors listed above are- Baltimore, which merged with Philadelphia in 1949
- Buffalo, New York, which closed in 1936
- Cleveland, which merged with Chicago in 1949
- Colorado Springs, which closed in 1966
- Denver, which closed in 1936
- Detroit, which closed in 1976
- Hartford, which closed in 1934
- Honolulu, which closed in 1977
- Los Angeles and San Francisco, which merged to form the Pacific Exchange in 1957
- Louisville, Kentucky, which closed in 1935
- Milwaukee, which closed in 1938
- Minneapolis-St. Paul, which merged with Chicago in 1949
- New Orleans, which merged with Chicago in 1959
- Pittsburgh, which merged with Philadelphia in 1969
- Richmond, Virginia, which closed in 1972
- St. Louis, which merged with Chicago in 1949
- Salt Lake City, which closed in 1986
- Seattle, which closed in 1942
- Spokane, Washington, which closed in 1991
- Washington, D.C., which merged with Philadelphia in 1953
- Wheeling, West Virginia, which closed in 1965