Ray Stannard Baker


Ray Stannard Baker was an American journalist, historian, biographer, and writer.

Biography

Baker was born in Lansing, Michigan. After graduating from the Michigan State Agricultural College, he attended law school at the University of Michigan in 1891 before launching his career as a journalist in 1892 with the Chicago News-Record, where he covered the Pullman Strike and Coxey's Army in 1894.
In 1898, Baker joined the staff of McClure's, a pioneer muckraking magazine, and quickly rose to prominence along with Lincoln Steffens and Ida Tarbell. He also dabbled in fiction, writing children's stories for the magazine Youth's Companion and a nine-volume series of stories about rural living in America, the first of which was titled Adventures in Contentment under his pseudonym David Grayson, which reached millions of readers worldwide.
In 1907, dissatisfied with the muckraker label, Baker, Steffens, and Tarbell left McClure's and founded The American Magazine. In 1908, after the 1906 Atlanta Race Riot got him involved, Baker published the book Following the Color Line: An Account of Negro Citizenship in the American Democracy, becoming the first prominent journalist to examine America's racial divide; it was extremely successful. Sociologist Rupert Vance says it is:
He followed up that work with numerous articles in the following decade.
In 1910, he moved to the town of Amherst, Massachusetts.
In 1912, Baker published The Friendly Road, an account of the places he visited and people he met while on a walking tour of the United States. In that year's presidential election Baker supported the presidential candidacy of Woodrow Wilson, which led to a close relationship between the two men, and in 1918 Wilson sent Baker to Europe to study the war situation. He was in connection with the future president of Czechoslovak Republic Thomas Garrigue Masaryk in America yet, from May 1918. During peace negotiations, Baker served as Wilson's press secretary at Versailles. He eventually published 15 volumes about Wilson and internationalism, including the six-volume The Public Papers of Woodrow Wilson with William Edward Dodd, and the 8-volume Woodrow Wilson: Life and Letters, the last two volumes of which won the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography in 1940. He served as an adviser on Darryl F. Zanuck's 1944 film Wilson.
Baker wrote two autobiographies, Native American and American Chronicle.
Baker died of a heart attack in Amherst, Massachusetts, and is buried in Amherst's Wildwood Cemetery. Buildings have been named in honor of both Ray Stannard Baker and David Grayson. A dormitory, Grayson Hall, is at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. The David Grayson Elementary School is in Waterford, Michigan. An academic building, Baker Hall, is at Michigan State University. A trail in Amherst has also been named for Baker.

Personal life

In 1896, Baker married Jessie Beal. They had four children: Alice Beal, James Stannard, Roger Denio, and Rachel Moore. Baker's brother Hugh Potter Baker was the president of Massachusetts State College, which later became the University of Massachusetts.

Writings

Books

  • Shop Talks on the Wonders of Crafts
  • Our New Prosperity
  • The Boys Book of Inventions
  • Seen in Germany
  • Boys' Second Book of Inventions
  • Following the Color Line: An Account of Negro Citizenship in the American Democracy
  • New Ideals in Healing
  • Adventures in Friendship
  • Adventures in Contentment
  • The Atlanta Riot
  • The Spiritual Unrest
  • The Friendly Road
  • Great Possessions: A New Series of Adventures
  • What Wilson Did at Paris
  • Woodrow Wilson and World Settlement , , read vol. 3 online
  • An American Pioneer in Science: The Life and Service of William James Beal, with Jessie B. Baker
  • Adventures in Understanding
  • The Public Papers of Woodrow Wilson. With William Edward Dodd. Six volumes.
  • Woodrow Wilson: Life and Letters , , , , , , , , .
  • Woodrow Wilson: Neutrality, 1914-1915
  • The Countryman's Year
  • The Capture, Death and Burial of J. Wilkes Booth
  • Native American: The Book of My Youth
  • American Chronicle: The Autobiography of Ray Stannard Baker
  • A Journalist's Diplomatic Mission: Ray Stannard Baker's World War I Diary. John Maxwell Hamilton, ed. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 2012.

    Articles

  • McClure's Magazine, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 43–57.