The speciesProchetodon cavus weighed about 135 g. Remains have been discovered in Wyoming, in the United States. They were found in the Princeton Quarry, and the deposits were dated from the Upper Paleocene to the Lower Eocene. Material is in the collection of the Peabody Museum of Natural History at Yale. The species was named by G. L. Jepsen in 1940.
The species Prochetodon taxus weighed about 190 g. Remains have been discovered in Wyoming, in the United States, in the deposits of Clark's Fork Basin, which have been dated to the Upper Paleocene. David Krause first tentatively referred to the species P. cf. cavus in 1980, and then gave it its current classification in 1987.