Prephenate dehydrogenase

Prephenate dehydrogenase is an enzyme found in the shikimate pathway, and helps catalyze the reaction from prephenate to tyrosine.

Nomenclature

Gene: TYR1
Shikimate pathway: Arogenate/Prephenate. Although in the shikimate pathway arogenate and prephenate dehydrogenase catalyze different reactions, they can at times be used interchangeably.

This enzyme so far has been found in sixteen different organisms; twelve different kinds of bacteria and four different kinds of plants.
Bacteria organisms : Acenitobacter calcoaceticus, Fischerella sp., Flavobacterium so., Comamonas testosteroni, and nostoc sp.
Plant organisms: phaseolus coccineus, phaseolus vulgaris, vicia faba, vigna radiata

Present in the shikimate pathway, in the pathway to synthesize tyrosine. It catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation reaction of prephenate to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate.

In enzymology, a prephenate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are prephenate and NAD⁺, whereas its 3 products are 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, CO₂, and NADH.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-CH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is prephenate:NAD+ oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include hydroxyphenylpyruvate synthase, and chorismate mutase---prephenate dehydrogenase. This enzyme participates in phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis and novobiocin biosynthesis.
Also found in haemophilus influenzae, synechocystis, and aquifex aeolicus.
However, in haemophilus influenzae, prephenate dehydrogenase is fused with the enzyme chorismate mutase. This fusion is not found in plants or animals.

As of late 2007, two structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes and.