Demographics of Lithuania
features of the population of Lithuania include population density, ethnicity, level of education, health, economic status, and religious affiliations.
The population of Lithuania increased after the end of World War II, reaching its apex in 1991 with 3.7 million, but started to decline after the Dissolution of the Soviet Union later that year, which negatively impacted the country. As social problems ensued after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the birth rate decreased and the population fell sharply due to a relatively high death rate, mass emigration and a large increase of its suicide rate that made Lithuania one of the countries with the highest suicide rates in the world. This caused its population to drop below 3 million in 2012, losing over a quarter of its population in 30 years. As of today, Lithuania's fertility rate is one of the lowest in the world. However, while its suicide rate would remain the highest in the European Union, it dropped over time, Since 2019, more Lithuanian citizens have been returning to Lithuania than leaving, largely due to the rapidly improving quality of life and economic conditions in their homeland. There is an increasing trend among returning Lithuanian emigres to choose rural regions over urban ones.
History
Prehistory
The earliest evidence of inhabitants in present-day Lithuania dates back to 10,000 BC. Between 3000 and 2000 BC, the people of the Corded Ware culture spread over a vast region of eastern Europe, between the Baltic Sea and the Vistula River in the West and the Moscow–Kursk line in the East. Merging with the indigenous peoples, they gave rise to the Balts, a distinct Indo-European ethnic group whose descendants are the present-day Lithuanian and Latvian nations and the former Old Prussians.Grand Duchy of Lithuania
The name of Lithuania – Lithuanians – was first mentioned in 1009. Among its etymologies there are a derivation from the word Lietava, for a small river, a possible derivation from a word leičiai, but most probable is the name for union of Lithuanian ethnic tribes.The primary Lithuanian state, the Duchy of Lithuania, emerged in the territory of Lietuva, the ethnic homeland of Lithuanians. At the birth of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, ethnic Lithuanians made up about 70% of the population. With the acquisition of new Ruthenian territories, this proportion decreased to 50% and later to 30%. By the time of the largest expansion towards Kievan Rus' lands, at the end of the 13th and during the 14th century, the territory of the GDL was about 800,000 km2, of which 10% was ethnically Lithuanian. The ethnic Lithuanian population is estimated to have been 420,000 out of 1.4 million in 1375, and 550,000 out of 3.8 million in 1490 In addition to the Ruthenians and Lithuanians, other significant ethnic groups throughout GDL were Jews and Tatars. The combined population of Poland and GDL in 1493 is estimated as 7.5 million, of whom 3.25 million were Poles, 3.75 million Ruthenians and 0.5 million Lithuanians.
File:1712. Samogitie et Lithuanie Propre, Grand Duché de Lithuanie.png|right|thumb|Samogitia and Lithuania proper in a map of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1712
With the Union of Lublin Lithuanian Grand Duchy lost large part of lands to the Polish Crown. An ethnic Lithuanian proportion being about 1/4 in GDL after the Union of Lublin was held until the partitions. There was much devastation and population loss throughout the GDL in the mid and late 17th century, including the ethnic Lithuanian population in Vilnius voivodeship. Besides devastation, the Ruthenian population declined proportionally after the territorial losses to the Russian Empire. In 1770 there were about 4.84 million inhabitants in GDL, of which the largest ethnic group were Ruthenians, about 1.39 million – Lithuanians. The voivodeships with a majority ethnic Lithuanian population were Vilnius, Trakai and Samogitian voivodeships, and these three voivodeships comprised the political center of the state. In the southern angle of Trakai voivodeship and south-eastern part of Vilnius voivodeship there were also many Belarusians; in some of the south-eastern areas they were the major linguistic group.
The Ruthenian population formed a majority in GDL from the time of the GDL's expansion in the mid 14th century; and the adjective "Lithuanian", besides denoting ethnic Lithuanians, from early times denoted any inhabitant of GDL, including Slavs and Jews.
The Ruthenian language, corresponding to today's Belarusian and Ukrainian, was then called Russian, and was used as one of the chancellery languages by Lithuanian monarchs. However, there are fewer extant documents written in this language than those written in Latin and German from the time of Vytautas. Later, Ruthenian became the main language of documentation and writing. In the years that followed, it was the main language of government until the introduction of Polish as the chancellery language of the Lithuanian–Polish Commonwealth in 1697; however there are also examples of documents written in Ruthenian from the second half of the 18th century. The Lithuanian language was used orally in Vilnius, Trakai and Samogitian voivodeships, and by small numbers of people elsewhere. At the royal court in Vilnius of Sigismund II Augustus, the last Grand Duke of Lithuania prior to the Union of Lublin, both Polish and Lithuanian were spoken equally widely.
Russian Empire
After the Third Partition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth on October 24, 1795, between the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy, the Commonwealth ceased to exist and Lithuania became a part of the Russian empire. After the abolition of serfdom in 1861, the use of the Polish language noticeably increased in eastern Lithuania and western Belarus. Many Lithuanians, living further east, were unable to receive the Lithuanian printed books smuggled into Lithuania by knygnešiai during the time of the ban on printing books in the Latin alphabet, and they switched to Polish. Although this also used the Latin alphabet, it was much less affected by the ban, because Polish was still used by the politically important class of the nobility, and also used predominantly in the biggest towns of Lithuania, and supported by the church.National Revival
The Lithuanian National Revival had begun to intensify by the end of the 19th century, and the number of Lithuanian speakers and people identifying themselves as ethnic Lithuanians started to increase; but at the same time many Polish speaking Lithuanians, especially former szlachta, cut themselves adrift from the Lithuanian nation. There were population losses due to several border changes, Soviet deportations, the Holocaust of the Lithuanian Jews, and German and Polish repatriations during and after World War II. After World War II, the ethnic Lithuanian population remained stable: 79.3% in 1959 to 83.5% in 2002. Lithuania's citizenship law and the Constitution meet international and OSCE standards, guaranteeing universal human and civil rights.Population
Life expectancy at birth
Based on 2023 data:- total: 77.3 years
- male: 72.86 years
- female: 81.71 years
| Period | Life expectancy in Years |
| 1950–1955 | 60.83 |
| 1955–1960 | 66.88 |
| 1960–1965 | 69.88 |
| 1965–1970 | 71.28 |
| 1970–1975 | 71.19 |
| 1975–1980 | 70.67 |
| 1980–1985 | 70.53 |
| 1985–1990 | 71.57 |
| 1990–1995 | 69.73 |
| 1995–2000 | 70.25 |
| 2000–2005 | 71.62 |
| 2005–2010 | 71.86 |
| 2010–2015 | 73.99 |
Vital statistics
Notable events in Lithuanian demographics:- 1915–1918 – World War I
| Average population | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate | Crude death rate | Natural change | Crude migration change | |
| 1915 | 2,137,000 | 38,722 | 43,596 | −4,874 | 18.1 | 20.4 | −2.3 | 2.3 |
| 1916 | 2,137,000 | 35,565 | 31,512 | 4,053 | 16.6 | 14.7 | 1.9 | −3.3 |
| 1917 | 2,134,000 | 32,266 | 43,047 | −10,781 | 15.1 | 20.2 | −5.1 | −1.0 |
| 1918 | 2,121,000 | 33,176 | 47,522 | −14,346 | 15.6 | 22.4 | −6.8 | 0.7 |
| 1919 | 2,108,000 | 41,095 | 51,930 | −10,835 | 19.5 | 24.6 | −5.1 | 3.2 |
| 1920 | 2,104,000 | 47,642 | 44,487 | 3,155 | 22.6 | 21.1 | 1.5 | 4.2 |
| 1921 | 2,116,000 | 51,864 | 31,915 | 19,949 | 24.5 | 15.1 | 9.4 | 0.1 |
| 1922 | 2,136,000 | 58,064 | 37,598 | 20,466 | 27.2 | 17.6 | 9.6 | 2.1 |
| 1923 | 2,161,000 | 60,869 | 32,432 | 28,437 | 28.2 | 15.0 | 13.2 | −0.2 |
| 1924 | 2,189,000 | 63,864 | 35,493 | 28,371 | 29.2 | 16.2 | 13.0 | −0.2 |
| 1925 | 2,217,000 | 63,743 | 37,179 | 26,564 | 28.8 | 16.8 | 12.0 | 0.6 |
| 1926 | 2,245,000 | 63,655 | 34,380 | 29,275 | 28.4 | 15.3 | 13.0 | −0.5 |
| 1927 | 2,273,000 | 66,114 | 38,897 | 27,217 | 29.1 | 17.1 | 12.0 | 0.3 |
| 1928 | 2,301,000 | 65,945 | 35,698 | 27,116 | 28.7 | 15.5 | 11.8 | −0.1 |
| 1929 | 2,328,000 | 63,083 | 39,669 | 23,414 | 27.1 | 17.0 | 10.1 | 1.1 |
| 1930 | 2,354,000 | 64,164 | 37,151 | 27,013 | 27.3 | 15.8 | 11.5 | −0.5 |
| 1931 | 2,380,000 | 63,419 | 37,478 | 25,941 | 26.6 | 15.7 | 10.9 | 0.4 |
| 1932 | 2,407,000 | 65,371 | 36,577 | 28,794 | 27.2 | 15.2 | 12.0 | 0.0 |
| 1933 | 2,436,000 | 62,145 | 32,749 | 29,396 | 25.5 | 13.4 | 12.1 | −0.6 |
| 1934 | 2,464,000 | 60,770 | 35,789 | 24,981 | 24.7 | 14.5 | 10.1 | −0.4 |
| 1935 | 2,488,000 | 57,970 | 34,595 | 23,375 | 23.3 | 13.9 | 9.4 | 0.6 |
| 1936 | 2,513,000 | 60,446 | 33,440 | 25,939 | 24.1 | 13.3 | 10.3 | −0.4 |
| 1937 | 2,538,000 | 56,393 | 33,260 | 22,433 | 22.2 | 13.1 | 8.8 | 1.1 |
| 1938 | 2,563,000 | 57,951 | 32,256 | 24,562 | 22.6 | 12.6 | 9.6 | −60.7 |
| 19391 | 2,432,000 | 54,184 | 32,983 | 21,201 | 22.3 | 13.6 | 8.7 |
1 the figures of 1939 exclude the Klaipėda Region
Source: Official Statistics Portal
| Average population | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate | Crude death rate | Natural change | Crude migration change | Total fertility rate | Life expectancy males | Life expectancy females | Life expectancy total | |
| 1945 | 2,520,000 | 60,392 | 35,201 | 25,191 | 24.0 | 14.0 | 10.0 | −6.0 | - | - | - | |
| 1946 | 2,530,000 | 58,399 | 37,688 | 20,711 | 23.1 | 14.9 | 8.2 | −4.2 | - | - | - | |
| 1947 | 2,540,000 | 59,680 | 39,716 | 19,964 | 23.5 | 15.6 | 7.9 | −3.9 | - | - | - | |
| 1948 | 2,550,000 | 58,780 | 35,137 | 23,643 | 23.1 | 13.8 | 9.3 | −5.4 | - | - | - | |
| 1949 | 2,560,000 | 63,034 | 32,049 | 30,985 | 24.6 | 12.5 | 12.1 | −9.4 | - | - | - | |
| 1950 | 2,567,000 | 60,719 | 30,870 | 29,849 | 23.7 | 12.0 | 11.6 | −10.8 | - | - | - | |
| 1951 | 2,569,000 | 58,504 | 29,693 | 28,811 | 22.8 | 11.6 | 11.2 | −8.5 | - | - | - | |
| 1952 | 2,576,000 | 56,944 | 28,166 | 28,778 | 22.1 | 10.9 | 11.2 | −5.7 | - | - | - | |
| 1953 | 2,590,000 | 52,610 | 27,118 | 25,492 | 20.3 | 10.5 | 9.8 | −3.3 | - | - | - | |
| 1954 | 2,607,000 | 54,229 | 25,559 | 28,670 | 20.8 | 9.8 | 11.0 | −2.6 | - | - | - | |
| 1955 | 2,629,000 | 55,525 | 24,138 | 31,387 | 21.1 | 9.2 | 11.9 | −2.8 | - | - | - | |
| 1956 | 2,653,000 | 53,741 | 21,869 | 31,872 | 20.3 | 8.2 | 12.0 | −1.5 | - | - | - | |
| 1957 | 2,681,000 | 56,223 | 23,361 | 32,862 | 21.0 | 8.7 | 12.3 | −1.1 | - | - | - | |
| 1958 | 2,711,000 | 61,190 | 22,103 | 39,087 | 22.6 | 8.2 | 14.0 | −2.2 | 2.63 | - | - | - |
| 1959 | 2,744,000 | 62,240 | 24,688 | 37,553 | 22.7 | 9.0 | 14.0 | 0.2 | 2.63 | - | - | - |
| 1960 | 2,782,000 | 62,485 | 21,611 | 40,874 | 22.5 | 7.8 | 14.7 | 1.8 | 2.59 | - | - | - |
| 1961 | 2,828,000 | 62,775 | 23,365 | 39,410 | 22.2 | 8.3 | 13.9 | −0.9 | 2.57 | - | - | - |
| 1962 | 2,865,000 | 59,728 | 24,925 | 34,803 | 20.8 | 8.7 | 12.1 | −2.4 | 2.64 | - | - | - |
| 1963 | 2,893,000 | 57,024 | 23,112 | 33,912 | 19.7 | 8.0 | 11.7 | 0.4 | 2.45 | - | - | - |
| 1964 | 2,928,000 | 55,856 | 21,830 | 34,026 | 19.1 | 7.5 | 11.6 | 1.7 | 2.31 | - | - | - |
| 1965 | 2,967,000 | 53,818 | 23,467 | 30,351 | 18.1 | 7.9 | 10.2 | 2.9 | 2.21 | - | - | - |
| 1966 | 3,006,000 | 54,275 | 23,799 | 30,476 | 18.1 | 7.9 | 10.1 | 2.9 | 2.34 | - | - | - |
| 1967 | 3,045,000 | 53,806 | 24,571 | 29,235 | 17.7 | 8.1 | 9.6 | 2.9 | 2.27 | - | - | - |
| 1968 | 3,083,000 | 54,258 | 25,725 | 28,533 | 17.6 | 8.3 | 9.3 | 1.1 | 2.25 | - | - | - |
| 1969 | 3,115,000 | 54,263 | 27,156 | 27,107 | 17.4 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 0.6 | 2.29 | - | - | - |
| 1970 | 3,144,000 | 55,519 | 28,048 | 27,471 | 17.7 | 8.9 | 8.7 | 2.4 | 2.40 | - | - | - |
| 1971 | 3,179,000 | 56,044 | 26,972 | 29,072 | 17.6 | 8.5 | 9.1 | 1.9 | 2.41 | - | - | - |
| 1972 | 3,214,000 | 54,616 | 29,252 | 25,364 | 17.0 | 9.1 | 7.9 | 1.4 | 2.35 | - | - | - |
| 1973 | 3,244,000 | 51,944 | 29,160 | 22,784 | 16.0 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 2.2 | 2.22 | - | - | - |
| 1974 | 3,274,000 | 51,941 | 29,612 | 22,329 | 15.9 | 9.0 | 6.8 | 1.7 | 2.21 | - | - | - |
| 1975 | 3,302,000 | 51,766 | 31,265 | 20,501 | 15.7 | 9.5 | 6.2 | 2.0 | 2.18 | - | - | - |
| 1976 | 3,329,000 | 52,296 | 31,972 | 20,324 | 15.7 | 9.6 | 6.1 | 1.7 | 2.18 | - | - | - |
| 1977 | 3,355,000 | 52,166 | 32,932 | 19,234 | 15.5 | 9.8 | 5.7 | 1.4 | 2.14 | - | - | - |
| 1978 | 3,379,000 | 51,821 | 34,008 | 17,813 | 15.3 | 10.1 | 5.3 | 0.4 | 2.09 | - | - | - |
| 1979 | 3,398,000 | 51,937 | 34,897 | 17,040 | 15.3 | 10.3 | 5.0 | −0.6 | 2.05 | - | - | - |
| 1980 | 3,413,000 | 51,765 | 35,871 | 15,894 | 15.2 | 10.5 | 4.7 | 1.2 | 1.99 | - | - | - |
| 1981 | 3,433,000 | 52,249 | 35,579 | 16,670 | 15.2 | 10.4 | 4.9 | 2.1 | 1.98 | - | - | - |
| 1982 | 3,457,000 | 53,141 | 35,040 | 18,101 | 15.4 | 10.1 | 5.2 | 2.9 | 1.97 | - | - | - |
| 1983 | 3,485,000 | 57,589 | 36,451 | 21,138 | 16.5 | 10.5 | 6.1 | 2.3 | 2.10 | - | - | - |
| 1984 | 3,514,000 | 57,576 | 38,666 | 18,910 | 16.4 | 11.0 | 5.4 | 3.4 | 2.07 | - | - | - |
| 1985 | 3,545,000 | 58,454 | 39,169 | 19,285 | 16.5 | 11.0 | 5.4 | 4.2 | 2.09 | - | - | - |
| 1986 | 3,579,000 | 59,705 | 35,788 | 23,917 | 16.7 | 10.0 | 6.7 | 3.7 | 2.12 | - | - | - |
| 1987 | 3,616,000 | 59,360 | 36,917 | 22,443 | 16.4 | 10.2 | 6.2 | 4.6 | 2.11 | - | - | - |
| 1988 | 3,655,000 | 56,727 | 37,649 | 19,078 | 15.5 | 10.3 | 5.2 | 2.7 | 2.02 | - | - | - |
| 1989 | 3,684,000 | 55,782 | 38,150 | 17,632 | 15.1 | 10.3 | 4.8 | −1.0 | 1.98 | - | - | - |
| 1990 | 3,698,000 | 56,868 | 39,760 | 17,108 | 15.3 | 10.7 | 4.6 | −3.0 | 2.02 | 66.4 | 76.3 | 71.5 |
| 1991 | 3,704,000 | 56,219 | 41,013 | 15,206 | 15.2 | 11.1 | 4.1 | −5.2 | 2.00 | - | - | - |
| 1992 | 3,700,000 | 53,617 | 41,455 | 12,162 | 14.5 | 11.2 | 3.3 | −7.9 | 1.94 | - | - | - |
| 1993 | 3,683,000 | 47,464 | 46,107 | 1,357 | 12.9 | 12.5 | 0.4 | −7.4 | 1.74 | - | - | - |
| 1994 | 3,657,000 | 42,376 | 46,486 | −4,110 | 11.6 | 12.7 | −1.1 | −6.5 | 1.57 | - | - | - |
| 1995 | 3,629,000 | 41,195 | 45,306 | −4,111 | 11.4 | 12.5 | −1.1 | −2.7 | 1.55 | 63.3 | 75.1 | 69.1 |
| 1996 | 3,615,212 | 39,066 | 42,896 | −3,830 | 10.8 | 11.9 | −1.1 | −6.5 | 1.49 | 64.6 | 75.9 | 70.3 |
| 1997 | 3,588,013 | 37,812 | 41,143 | −3,331 | 10.5 | 11.5 | −0.9 | −6.2 | 1.47 | 65.5 | 76.6 | 71.1 |
| 1998 | 3,562,261 | 37,019 | 40,757 | −3,738 | 10.4 | 11.4 | −1.0 | −6.2 | 1.46 | 66.0 | 76.7 | 71.4 |
| 1999 | 3,536,401 | 36,415 | 40,003 | −3,588 | 10.3 | 11.3 | −1.0 | −5.9 | 1.46 | 66.4 | 77.0 | 71.8 |
| 2000 | 3,512,074 | 34,149 | 38,919 | −4,770 | 9.7 | 11.1 | −1.4 | −5.8 | 1.39 | 66.7 | 77.4 | 72.1 |
| 2001 | 3,486,998 | 31,185 | 40,399 | −9,214 | 8.9 | 11.6 | −2.6 | −6.6 | 1.29 | 65.9 | 77.4 | 71.7 |
| 2002 | 3,454,637 | 29,541 | 41,072 | −11,531 | 8.6 | 11.9 | −3.3 | −3.4 | 1.23 | 66.2 | 77.4 | 71.8 |
| 2003 | 3,431,497 | 29,977 | 40,990 | −11,013 | 8.7 | 11.9 | −3.2 | −6.3 | 1.26 | 66.4 | 77.7 | 72.1 |
| 2004 | 3,398,929 | 29,769 | 41,340 | −11,571 | 8.8 | 12.2 | −3.4 | −9.5 | 1.27 | 66.3 | 77.7 | 72.0 |
| 2005 | 3,355,220 | 29,510 | 43,799 | −14,289 | 8.8 | 13.1 | −4.3 | −15.2 | 1.29 | 65.2 | 77.5 | 71.3 |
| 2006 | 3,289,835 | 29,606 | 44,813 | −15,207 | 9.0 | 13.6 | −4.6 | −7.5 | 1.33 | 65.1 | 77.1 | 71.0 |
| 2007 | 3,249,983 | 30,020 | 45,624 | −15,604 | 9.2 | 14.0 | −4.8 | −6.7 | 1.36 | 64.5 | 77.2 | 70.7 |
| 2008 | 3,212,605 | 31,536 | 43,832 | −12,296 | 9.8 | 13.6 | −3.8 | −5.1 | 1.45 | 65.9 | 77.5 | 71.7 |
| 2009 | 3,183,856 | 32,165 | 42,032 | −9,867 | 10.1 | 13.2 | −3.1 | −10.1 | 1.50 | 67.1 | 78.6 | 72.9 |
| 2010 | 3,141,976 | 30,676 | 42,120 | −11,444 | 9.8 | 13.4 | −3.6 | −24.8 | 1.50 | 67.6 | 78.8 | 73.2 |
| 2011 | 3,052,588 | 30,268 | 41,037 | −10,769 | 9.9 | 13.4 | −3.5 | −12.5 | 1.55 | 68.0 | 79.1 | 73.6 |
| 2012 | 3,003,641 | 30,459 | 40,938 | −10,479 | 10.1 | 13.6 | −3.5 | −6.2 | 1.60 | 68.4 | 79.4 | 74.0 |
| 2013 | 2,974,637 | 29,885 | 41,511 | −11,626 | 10.1 | 14.0 | −3.9 | −5.1 | 1.59 | 68.5 | 79.3 | 74.0 |
| 2014 | 2,947,862 | 30,369 | 40,252 | −9,883 | 10.3 | 13.7 | −3.4 | −3.8 | 1.63 | 69.1 | 79.7 | 74.5 |
| 2015 | 2,926,644 | 31,475 | 41,776 | −10,301 | 10.8 | 14.3 | −3.5 | −7.1 | 1.70 | 69.1 | 79.5 | 74.4 |
| 2016 | 2,895,573 | 30,623 | 41,106 | −10,483 | 10.6 | 14.2 | −3.6 | −9.0 | 1.69 | 69.5 | 79.9 | 74.8 |
| 2017 | 2,859,007 | 28,696 | 40,142 | −11,446 | 10.1 | 14.1 | −4.0 | −7.5 | 1.63 | 70.7 | 80.3 | 75.7 |
| 2018 | 2,826,200 | 28,149 | 39,574 | −11,425 | 10.0 | 14.1 | −4.1 | −0.9 | 1.63 | 70.9 | 80.5 | 75.9 |
| 2019 | 2,812,200 | 27,393 | 38,281 | −10,888 | 9.8 | 13.7 | −3.9 | 3.1 | 1.43 | 71.4 | 80.9 | 76.3 |
| 2020 | 2,809,979 | 25,144 | 43,547 | −18,403 | 9.0 | 15.6 | −6.6 | 6.8 | 1.36 | 70.0 | 80.0 | 75.1 |
| 2021 | 2,810,761 | 23,330 | 47,746 | −24,416 | 8.3 | 17.0 | –8.7 | 7.0 | 1.34 | 69.6 | 78.9 | 74.3 |
| 2022 | 2,805,998 | 22,068 | 42,884 | −20,816 | 7.8 | 15.1 | –7.3 | 25.7 | 1.27 | 71.3 | 80.1 | 75.8 |
| 2023 | 2,857,279 | 20,623 | 37,005 | −16,382 | 7.2 | 12.9 | –5.7 | 15.7 | 1.18 | 72.9 | 81.7 | 77.4 |
| 2024 | 2,885,891 | 19,086 | 37,480 | −18,394 | 6.6 | 13.0 | −6.4 | 8.0 | 1.11 | 73.0 | 81.6 | 77.4 |
| 2025 | 2,890,664 | 17,478 | 37,424 | –19,946 | 6.1 | 13.0 | –6.9 | 1.03 | ||||
| 2026 | 2,897,009 |