Polish order of precedence


There is no official document specifying the order of precedence in Poland. In practice, the precedence of officials in Poland is based on an outdated informal instruction dating back to 1992. Polish civil servants responsible for the protocol often need to make ad hoc decisions based on tradition, general rules of etiquette and common sense.
An official order of precedence existed during the Communist era, but it was rendered obsolete by the transition to democracy that started in 1989. In 1992, a new guideline was prepared by Prime Minister Hanna Suchocka, Foreign Minister Krzysztof Skubiszewski, and Janusz Ziółkowski, the chief of the President's chancellery. The new document, however, was never formally adopted as legally binding. Furthermore, the adoption of the current Constitution of Poland in 1997, the territorial administration reform of 1999, Poland's entry into the European Union in 2004, and other events have rendered this guideline obsolete as well.
The lack of an official regulation in this matter leaves so much ambiguity that the only office whose position in the order of precedence is generally accepted is that of the President of the Republic. In everyday usage, the precedence is often based on such criteria as: source of power, position of the given office in the constitution, as well as a person's seniority and salary. Many questions remain unresolved though. The marshals of both chambers of parliament are usually considered to take precedence before the prime minister based on their position in the [Acting President of the Republic of Poland|President of the Republic of Poland|line of presidential succession]. Opponents of this view argue that the prime minister is constitutionally more powerful and therefore should be treated as Poland's second top official. The precedence of individual ministers, as well as chiefs of chancelleries, is uncertain, as is the question of MPs' and senators' precedence before secretaries of State.
The territorial administration reform has raised the question of whether the voivode, the national government's representative in a voivodeship, takes precedence before the voivodeship marshal, a popularly elected head of a voivodeship, or vice versa. Similarly, with Poland's integration into the European Union, came the problem of Polish members of the European Parliament's position in the order of precedence. Another bone of contention is the position of ecclesiastical officials vis-à-vis secular ones. Traditionally, Roman Catholic clergymen are treated with great reverence in Poland and are often assigned very high - even if undue from the protocolar point of view - positions in the order of precedence.
The list below is taken from the official website of Prime Minister's Chancellery. It is based on the unofficial instruction of 1992 with later addition of several new offices created after that date. Offices that no longer exist, but are included in the list, are marked in italics.
#English titlePolish titleCurrent office holders
1.President of the Republic of PolandPrezydent Rzeczypospolitej PolskiejKarol Nawrocki
2.Marshal of the Sejm
Marszałek SejmuSzymon Hołownia
3.Marshal of the Senate
Marszałek SenatuMałgorzata Kidawa-Błońska
4.President of the Council of Ministers
Prezes Rady Ministrów
Donald Tusk
5.Deputy Presidents of the Council of Ministers
Wiceprezesi Rady Ministrów

6.Deputy Marshals of the Sejm Wicemarszałkowie Sejmu
7.Deputy Marshals of the Senate Wicemarszałkowie Senatu
8.Ministers - members of the Council of MinistersMinistrowie - członkowie Rady Ministrów
9.President of the Constitutional TribunalPrezes Trybunału KonstytucyjnegoBogdan Święczkowski
10.First President of the Supreme Court Pierwszy Prezes Sądu NajwyższegoMałgorzata Manowska
11.President of the Supreme Administrative CourtPrezes Naczelnego Sądu AdministracyjnegoJacek Chlebny
12.President of the Supreme Audit OfficePrezes Najwyższej Izby KontroliMarian Banaś
13.Commissioner for Civil Rights Protection
Rzecznik Praw ObywatelskichMarcin Wiącek
14.Commissioner for Children Rights Protection
Rzecznik Praw DzieckaMonika Horna-Cieślak
15.President of Institute of National RemembrancePrezes Instytutu Pamięci NarodowejKarol Nawrocki
16.Chairpersons of Sejm committeesPrzewodniczący komisji sejmowych
17.Chairpersons of Senate committeesPrzewodniczący komisji senackich
18.Members of SejmPosłowie na Sejm
19.SenatorsSenatorowie
20.Secretaries of StateSekretarze Stanu
21.Chief of the Chancellery of the President of the Republic of PolandSzef Kancelarii Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej PolskiejHalina Szymańska
22.Chief of the Chancellery of the President of the Council of MinistersSzef Kancelarii Prezesa Rady MinistrówJan Grabiec
23.Chiefs of the Chancelleries of the Sejm and of the SenateSzefowie Kancelarii Sejmu i Senatu
24.Presidents of the Supreme CourtPrezesi Sądu Najwyższego
25.Chief of the General Staff and commanders of the branches of the Armed ForcesSzef Sztabu Generalnego i dowódcy wojskWiesław Kukuła
26.Undersecretaries of StatePodsekretarze Stanu
27.Voivodes Wojewodowie
28.Polish ambassadorsPolscy ambasadorowie
29.Presidents and chairpersons of national-level administrative offices and committeesPrezesi i przewodniczący urzędów, komitetów i komisji sprawujących funkcje naczelnych lub centralnych organów administracji państwowej
30.Deputy presidents and chairpersons of national-level administrative offices and committeesZastępcy prezesów i przewodniczących urzędów, komitetów i komisji sprawujących funkcje naczelnych lub centralnych organów administracji państwowej
31.Directors GeneralDyrektorzy generalni
32.DirectorsDyrektorzy