Pilea microphylla


Pilea microphylla, also known as angeloweed, artillery plant, joypowder plant, or brilhantina, is an annual plant native to Florida, Mexico, the West Indies, and tropical Central and Southern America. In the southern part of México, specifically Campeche and Mérida, the local name is frescura. The plant belongs to the family Urticaceae. It has light green, almost succulent, stems and tiny leaves. It is grown as a ground cover in many areas.

Description

Pilea microphylla is an annual or short-lived perennial. It grows low or creeping on the ground. It is monoecious with smooth, translucent light-green, succulent-like and highly-branching stems. The leaves are oval-shaped, narrowing to a point at the tips, with a short petiole. They are tiny, averaging at long, and wide. The leaves grow in asymmetric pairs, with one leaf smaller than the other. Almost all leaves have three primary veins originating from the base. The whitish to greenish flowers are also tiny, averaging at, with male flowers being larger than female flowers. It flowers year-round.
The common names of the plant comes from the fact that the stamens of the male flowers explosively eject pollen grains during anthesis. This is due to the sudden straightening of the stamens.

Propagation

Pilea microphylla can be propagated by dividing the root ball, or taking herbaceous cuttings and rooting them with rooting hormone. The plant enjoys a thorough watering after the soil has been allowed to dry, and misting has been shown to be beneficial. Direct sunlight causes the leaves to turn brown and fall off, so it prefers filtered light.

Invasive species

Pilea microphylla has been introduced to various tropical and subtropical regions around the world. It is considered an invasive species in Australia, China, Diego Garcia, the Galapagos Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Hawaii, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, New Caledonia, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Pitcairn Islands, Singapore, the Solomon Islands, Tonga, and Wallis and Futuna.

Synonyms

Pilea microphylla var. trianthemoides is a synonym of ''Pilea trianthemoides''